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What are the relations between the shape of a system of cities and
that of fish school? Which events should happen in a cell in order
that it participates to one of the finger of our hands? How to
interpret the shape of a sand dune? This collective book written
for the non-specialist addresses these questions and more
generally, the fundamental issue of the emergence of forms and
patterns in physical and living systems. It is a single book
gathering the different aspects of morphogenesis and approaches
developed in different disciplines on shape and pattern formation.
Relying on the seminal works of D'Arcy Thompson, Alan Turing and
Rene Thom, it confronts major examples like plant growth and shape,
intra-cellular organization, evolution of living forms or motifs
generated by crystals. A book essential to understand universal
principles at work in the shapes and patterns surrounding us but
also to avoid spurious analogies.
This book contains the proceedings as well as invited papers for
the first annual conference of the UNESCO Unitwin Complex System
Digital Campus (CSDC), which is an international initiative
gathering 120 Universities on four continents, and structured in
ten E-Departments. First Complex Systems Digital Campus World
E-Conference 2015 features chapters from the latest research
results on theoretical questions of complex systems and their
experimental domains. The content contained bridges the gap between
the individual and the collective within complex systems science
and new integrative sciences on topics such as: genes to organisms
to ecosystems, atoms to materials to products, and digital media to
the Internet. The conference breaks new ground through a dedicated
video-conferencing system - a concept at the heart of the
international UNESCO UniTwin, embracing scientists from low-income
and distant countries. This book promotes an integrated system of
research, education, and training. It also aims at contributing to
global development by taking into account its social, economic, and
cultural dimensions. First Complex Systems Digital Campus World
E-Conference 2015 will appeal to students and researchers working
in the fields of complex systems, statistical physics,
computational intelligence, and biological physics.
The social sciences study knowing subjects and their interactions.
A "cog nitive turn," based on cognitive science, has the potential
to enrich these sciences considerably. Cognitive economics belongs
within this movement of the social sciences. It aims to take into
account the cognitive processes of individuals in economic theory,
both on the level of the agent and on the level of their dynamic
interactions and the resulting collective phenomena. This is an
ambitious research programme that aims to link two levels of com
plexity: the level of cognitive phenomena as studied and tested by
cognitive science, and the level of collective phenomena produced
by the economic in teractions between agents. Such an objective
requires cooperation, not only between economists and cognitive
scientists but also with mathematicians, physicists and computer
scientists, in order to renew, study and simulate models of
dynamical systems involving economic agents and their cognitive
mechanisms. The hard core of classical economics is the General
Equilibrium Theory, based on the optimising rationality of the
agent and on static concepts of equilibrium, following a point of
view systemised in the framework of Game Theory. The agent is
considered "rational" if everything takes place as if he was
maximising a function representing his preferences, his utility
function."
This book contains the proceedings as well as invited papers for
the first annual conference of the UNESCO Unitwin Complex System
Digital Campus (CSDC), which is an international initiative
gathering 120 Universities on four continents, and structured in
ten E-Departments. First Complex Systems Digital Campus World
E-Conference 2015 features chapters from the latest research
results on theoretical questions of complex systems and their
experimental domains. The content contained bridges the gap between
the individual and the collective within complex systems science
and new integrative sciences on topics such as: genes to organisms
to ecosystems, atoms to materials to products, and digital media to
the Internet. The conference breaks new ground through a dedicated
video-conferencing system - a concept at the heart of the
international UNESCO UniTwin, embracing scientists from low-income
and distant countries. This book promotes an integrated system of
research, education, and training. It also aims at contributing to
global development by taking into account its social, economic, and
cultural dimensions. First Complex Systems Digital Campus World
E-Conference 2015 will appeal to students and researchers working
in the fields of complex systems, statistical physics,
computational intelligence, and biological physics.
What are the relations between the shape of a system of cities and
that of fish school? Which events should happen in a cell in order
that it participates to one of the finger of our hands? How to
interpret the shape of a sand dune? This collective book written
for the non-specialist addresses these questions and more
generally, the fundamental issue of the emergence of forms and
patterns in physical and living systems. It is a single book
gathering the different aspects of morphogenesis and approaches
developed in different disciplines on shape and pattern formation.
Relying on the seminal works of D'Arcy Thompson, Alan Turing and
Rene Thom, it confronts major examples like plant growth and shape,
intra-cellular organization, evolution of living forms or motifs
generated by crystals. A book essential to understand universal
principles at work in the shapes and patterns surrounding us but
also to avoid spurious analogies.
The social sciences study knowing subjects and their interactions.
A "cog nitive turn," based on cognitive science, has the potential
to enrich these sciences considerably. Cognitive economics belongs
within this movement of the social sciences. It aims to take into
account the cognitive processes of individuals in economic theory,
both on the level of the agent and on the level of their dynamic
interactions and the resulting collective phenomena. This is an
ambitious research programme that aims to link two levels of com
plexity: the level of cognitive phenomena as studied and tested by
cognitive science, and the level of collective phenomena produced
by the economic in teractions between agents. Such an objective
requires cooperation, not only between economists and cognitive
scientists but also with mathematicians, physicists and computer
scientists, in order to renew, study and simulate models of
dynamical systems involving economic agents and their cognitive
mechanisms. The hard core of classical economics is the General
Equilibrium Theory, based on the optimising rationality of the
agent and on static concepts of equilibrium, following a point of
view systemised in the framework of Game Theory. The agent is
considered "rational" if everything takes place as if he was
maximising a function representing his preferences, his utility
function."
Artificial life embodies a recent and important conceptual step
in modem science: asserting that the core of intelligence and
cognitive abilities is the same as the capacity for living. The
recent surge of interest in artificial life has pushed a whole
range of engineering traditions, such as control theory and
robotics, beyond classical notions of goal and planning into
biologically inspired notions of viability and adaptation,
situatedness and operational closure.These proceedings serve two
important functions: they address bottom-up theories of artificial
intelligence and explore what can be learned from simple models
such as insects about the cognitive processes and characteristic
autonomy of living organisms, while also engaging researchers and
philosophers in an exciting examination of the epistemological
basis of this new trend.Francisco J. Varela is Director of Research
at CNRS in Paris, France. Paul Bourgine is Professor of Artificial
Intelligence at CEMAGREF, Antony, France.Topics include: Artificial
Animals. Genetic Algorithms. Autonomous Systems. Emergent
Behaviors. Artificial Ecologies. Immunologic Algorithms.
Self-Adapting Systems. Emergent Structures. Emotion And Motivation.
Neural Networks. Coevolution. Fitness Landscapes Contributors
include: H. Bersini. Domenico Parisi. Rodney A. Brooks. Christopher
G. Langton. S. Kauffman. J.-L. Denenbourg. Pattie Maes. John
Holland. T. Smithers. H. Swefel. H. Muhlenbein.
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