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Periods of transition are often symbolically associated with death,
making the latter the paradigm of liminality. Yet, many volumes on
death in the social sciences and humanities do not specifically
address liminality. This book investigates these "ultimate
ambiguities," assuming they can pose a threat to social
relationships because of the disintegrating forces of death, but
they are also crucial periods of creativity, change, and emergent
aspects of social and religious life. Contributors explore death
and liminality from an interdisciplinary perspective and present a
global range of historical and contemporary case studies outlining
emotional, cognitive, artistic, social, and political implications.
Few thorough ethnographic studies on Central Indian tribal
communities exist, and the elaborate discussion on the cultural
meanings of Indian food systems ignores these societies altogether.
Food epitomizes the social for the Gadaba of Odisha. Feeding,
sharing, and devouring refer to locally distinguished ritual
domains, to different types of social relationships and alimentary
ritual processes. In investigating the complex paths of ritual
practices, this study aims to understand the interrelated fields of
cosmology, social order, and economy of an Indian highland
community.
The vast and ancient topic of kingship in India has mostly been
studied from the perspectives of rulers and other elites. But what
constitutes sovereignty viewed from "below"? This book —
ethnographic and comparative in its essence — deals with
indigenous conceptualizations of sovereignty taking as its starting
point a local proverb that connects the ritual (Dasara) of the king
with festivals performed by his "tribal" subjects. The first part
of the book initially introduces some pan-Indian ideas of kingship
and proceeds to discuss indigenous notions of sovereignty as
represented in rituals and myths in the region concerned (highland
Odisha). The second part is devoted to the investigation of the
proverbial performances. Mainly based on historical sources first
the Dasara festival of the king is discussed, subsequently the
indigenous rituals are described and analyzed, which the author
ethnographically documented around the turn of the millennium.
Ultimately, the proverb and the rituals constitute the idea of a
sacrificial polity in which rulers and ruled share sovereignty in
the sense that they are co-responsible for the flow of life.
Periods of transition are often symbolically associated with death,
making the latter the paradigm of liminality. Yet, many volumes on
death in the social sciences and humanities do not specifically
address liminality. This book investigates these "ultimate
ambiguities," assuming they can pose a threat to social
relationships because of the disintegrating forces of death, but
they are also crucial periods of creativity, change, and emergent
aspects of social and religious life. Contributors explore death
and liminality from an interdisciplinary perspective and present a
global range of historical and contemporary case studies outlining
emotional, cognitive, artistic, social, and political implications.
Religion is studied from a multitude of approaches and
methodologies: history, anthropology, philosophy, sociology,
psychology and the academic study of religion. This book differs
from most other introductions and handbooks in that it draws on
ongoing research to show 'how' researchers approach their topics.
The aim is to provide orientation in this multidisciplinary context
without attempting to homogenize the field. It is intended for
undergraduate students studying religion as well as broader
audiences interested in the study of religion. The introduction
provides students with an overview of four key issues that are at
stake in choosing an approach to studying religion in a
multidisciplinary context: 1) the ways scholars conceptualize and
delineate 'religion' as an object of study, 2) what theory is and
what it is for, 3) at what level of analysis research may take
place, and 4) the 'problem of belief' in the study of religion. In
the subsequent chapters, each author discusses material from their
own research to demonstrate the approach and methodology they apply
and what kind of insights these yield. Collectively, the
introduction and the individual chapters allow students to orient
themselves with regard to the various methodologies and
perspectives that may be deployed to formulate and answer their own
research questions.
This greatly revised edition of an influential 1999 book
consolidates its authoritative advocacy of the New Lex Mercatoria
(NLM). Since the publication of the first edition, self-regulation
and private governance in international business have gained
world-wide recognition. Three dynamic commercial law initiatives in
particular demonstrate that, in spite of the long-lasting dispute
about the nature and dogmatic underpinnings of NLM, legal theory
and international practice have accepted that transnational
business law is open to the 'codification' of its contents. The
UNIDROIT Principles of International Commercial Contracts, the
Principles of European Contract Law, and (most recently and
dramatically) the TransLex Principles at www.trans-lex.org all draw
their legal conclusions from observing the real-life phenomena
surrounding regional and global integration of markets and foreign
direct investment. This new edition presents an advanced
elaboration of the author's 'Creeping Codification' thesis based on
the TransLex Principles, an Internet-based method using an ongoing,
spontaneous, and dynamic codification process which is never
completed. The TransLex Principles contain black-letter texts of
128 principles and rules of the NLM with comprehensive, constantly
updated comparative law references from domestic statutes, court
decisions, doctrine, arbitral awards, and uniform laws. An annex to
this book contains a synopsis of the wealth of materials available
on the TransLex web site as well as a rare personal account of one
of the fathersA"of the NLM, Philippe Kahn. International legal
practitioners and academics alike have long complained about the
inadequate legal framework for international trade and commerce.
This book, with its far-reaching theoretical and methodological
analysis of the doctrine of an autonomous transnational economic
law, clearly opens the way to an independent and workable third
legal system alongside domestic law and public international law.
It offers international practitioners (contract negotiators,
arbitrators, attorneys and other representatives of the parties in
international arbitration proceedings) with a powerful and reliable
instrument to apply transnational commercial law in daily legal
practice.
It has been clear for some time that commercial law has been
undergoing a "transnationalization" process, with various sets of
rules (often referred to collectively as Lex mercatoria or the New
Law Merchant) supplanting national and local laws governing the
mechanisms by which cross-border agreements are entered into and
disputes settled. In order to clarify the nature and extent of this
process, a scientific survey, sponsored by the Volkswagen
Foundation and using empirical methodology, was designed by a
Research Team from the Centre for Transnational Law (CENTRAL) of
Munster University, Germany. A questionnaire was sent out to more
than 2,700 practitioners from major companies and international law
firms in 78 countries asking for the addressees' experience with
transnational law in international contract negotiations, contract
drafting, and international commercial arbitration. The results of
this enquiry, along with analysis and commentary from several
well-known authorities in the fields of international commercial
arbitration and private international law, were presented at a
conference in Munster on May 4 and 5, 2000. This book is a record
of that conference. "The Practice of Transnational Law" provides a
comprehensive and realistic evaluation of how transnational
commercial law is used in international legal practice today. The
contributions of the speakers - including Yves Derains on the CC
Arbitration Rules and Michael Joachim Bonell on the UNIDROIT
Principles, as well as commentary by Emmanuel Gaillard, Friedrich
K. Juenger, Norbert Horn, and Klaus Peter Berger - add an
insightful and lively dimension to the empirical data presented in
the annexes. Commercial law practitioners and business people all
over the world should appreciate the new level of discussion
initiated by this book.
The Modern Anthropology of India is an accessible textbook
providing a critical overview of the ethnographic work done in
India since 1947. It assesses the history of research in each
region and serves as a practical and comprehensive guide to the
main themes dealt with by ethnographers. It highlights key
analytical concepts and paradigms that came to be of relevance in
particular regions in the recent history of research in India, and
which possibly gained a pan-Indian or even trans-Indian
significance. Structured according to the states of the Indian
union, contributors raise several key questions, including: What
themes were ethnographers interested in? What are the significant
ethnographic contributions? How are peoples, communities and
cultural areas represented? How has the ethnographic research in
the area developed? Filling a significant gap in the literature,
the book is an invaluable resource to students and researchers in
the field of Indian anthropology/ethnography, regional anthropology
and postcolonial studies. It is also of interest to students of
South Asian studies in general as it provides an extensive and
critical overview of regionally based ethnographic activity
undertaken in India.
In The Civil Society Reader Don Eberly presents the classic
writings of the leading scholars and organizers who have brought
the civil society debate to the forefront of American politics.
Anders als viele denken, heißt ‚Kombinatorik können‘ nicht,
irgendwelche Formeln geschickt anwenden zu können. Es heißt
vielmehr, die klaren, konstruktiven und oft originellen Ideen
hinter diesen Formeln zu durchschauen und im Idealfall selbst zu
entdecken. Kombinatorik ist die Theorie des intelligenten
Zählens. Sie ist die Kunst, die Mächtigkeiten von Mengen zu
bestimmen, ohne diese mühevoll abzählen zu müssen. Es gibt
keinen Grund, darunter nur endliche Mengen zu verstehen. Daher
widmet sich das letzte Kapitel dieses Buchs der Entdeckung des
Unendlichen. In ‚Hilberts Hotel’ und mit ‚Cantors
Diagonalen’ verliert das Unendliche alles Rätselhafte, das so
gern hineingeheimnisst wird. Wie vieles (nicht alles) in
der Mathematik ist Kombinatorik zuallererst ein spannendes
Denkabenteuer. Haben Sie Spaß an Mathematik? Oder hatten Sie den
einmal, und er ist Ihnen irgendwann abhandengekommen? Dann ist
dieses Buch genau für Sie geschrieben worden. Besondere
Vorkenntnisse sind nicht erforderlich. Das nötige Vorwissen haben
Sie bereits.
A new collection of essays by leading scholars on the role of
culture and cultural change in the development of countries and
regions around the world. These thinkers approach the role of
culture from a range of beneficial angles. They explore the new
ground opened up by Laurence Harrison and Samuel Huntingdon in
their widely discussed book Culture Matters, which examines the
role that culture plays in hindering or accelerating development in
the Third World. This book is a companion volume to the acclaimed
Developing Cultures: Essays on Cultural Change.
The Modern Anthropology of India is an accessible textbook
providing a critical overview of the ethnographic work done in
India since 1947. It assesses the history of research in each
region and serves as a practical and comprehensive guide to the
main themes dealt with by ethnographers. It highlights key
analytical concepts and paradigms that came to be of relevance in
particular regions in the recent history of research in India, and
which possibly gained a pan-Indian or even trans-Indian
significance. Structured according to the states of the Indian
union, contributors raise several key questions, including: What
themes were ethnographers interested in? What are the significant
ethnographic contributions? How are peoples, communities and
cultural areas represented? How has the ethnographic research in
the area developed? Filling a significant gap in the literature,
the book is an invaluable resource to students and researchers in
the field of Indian anthropology/ethnography, regional anthropology
and postcolonial studies. It is also of interest to students of
South Asian studies in general as it provides an extensive and
critical overview of regionally based ethnographic activity
undertaken in India.
Europe is a relatively secular part of the world in global terms.
Why is this so? And why is the situation in Europe so different
from that in the United States? The first chapter of this book -
the theme - articulates this contrast. The remaining chapters - the
variations - look in turn at the historical, philosophical,
institutional and sociological dimensions of these differences. Key
ideas are examined in detail, among them: constitutional issues;
the Enlightenment; systems of law, education and welfare; questions
of class, ethnicity, gender and generation. In each chapter both
the similarities and differences between the European and the
American cases are carefully scrutinized. The final chapter
explores the ways in which these features translate into policy on
both sides of the Atlantic. This book is highly topical and relates
very directly to current misunderstandings between Europe and
America.
Das Buch liefert eine handbuchartige, rechtsvergleichende
Darstellung der in einem internationalen
Wirtschaftsschiedsverfahren auftretenden Rechtsprobleme, mit denen
sich der Praktiker im Hinblick auf die standige Zunahme derartiger
Verfahren immer wieder konfrontiert sieht. Der Autor legt dabei
besonderes Gewicht auf die Verknupfung verfahrens- und
materiellrechtlicher Aspekte.Der Verfasser untersucht neben den in
der Schweiz und in den Niederlanden erlassenen Schiedsgesetzen auch
das UNCITRAL-Modellgesetz fur die internationale
Handelsschiedsgerichtsbarkeit. Neben diesen Gesetzen werden die
UNCITRAL-Schiedsordnung sowie die Schiedsordnungen der Zurcher
Handelskammer und des Niederlandischen Schiedsgerichtsinstituts
analysiert.Im Interesse der Benutzerfreundlichkeit fur den
Praktiker sind die besprochenen Gesetze und Schiedsordnungen sowie
die entsprechenden Musterschiedsklauseln und die New Yorker
Konvention uber die Anerkennung und Vollstreckung auslandischer
Schiedsspruche im Anhang abgedruckt."
Dynamics of conversion and religious change more generally are
extremely complex, yet it is crucial for contemporary societies to
understand them. This volume contributes to this understanding by
focussing on the processes and modalities of conversion within,
between and across various religious traditions (Hinduism, Islamic
Reformism, Christianity, indigenous religions) from a
multi-disciplinary perspective, including anthropology, sociology,
religious studies, history and theology. While the book deals with
Indian case studies, the introduction, preface (by Piers Vitebsky)
and afterword (by Aparecida Vilaça) also offer a comparative
perspective linking the Indian situation to contexts of conversion
in other parts of the world. The introduction not only provides an
overview of important research on conversion in India, it also
intends to advance the general theoretical reflection on
conversion, considers analytical tools for further research and
discusses the work of important theorists such as Pierre Bourdieu,
Joel Robbins and Marshall Sahlins who are not generally referred to
in debates on conversion in India.
"A book of great practical wisdom by authors who have profound
insight into the intellectual dynamics governing contemporary
life."--Dallas Willard, author of Knowing Christ Today In In Praise
of Doubt, two world-renowned social scientists, Peter L. Berger
(The Homeless Mind, Questions of Faith) and Anton C. Zijderveld
(The Abstract Society, On Cliches), map out how we can survive the
political, moral, and religious challenges raised by the extreme
poles of relativism and fundamentalism. A book that asks and
answers Big Questions, In Praise of Doubt offers invaluable
guidance on how to have convictions without becoming a fanatic.
Developing Cultures: Case Studies is a collection of 27 essays by a
group of leading internationals scholars on the role of culture and
cultural change in the evolution of countries and regions around
the world. The essays aim to further the exploration of the thesis
put forth by Larry Harrison and Samuel Huntington in their widely
discussed book Culture Matters which examined the role that culture
plays in hindering or accelerating political and economic
development in the Third World. This book is a companion volume to
Developing Cultures: Essays on Cultural Change (0415952824).
Unser Verhaltnis zu Computer und Informationstechnologie wird
weniger von den Maschinen bestimmt als davon, wie wir von ihnen
denken. Die Informatisierung des Alltags geht einher mit der
Entwicklung pragender individueller und kultureller Bilder von der
Welt der Computer. In dieser Studie werden erstmals eine umfassende
Ethnologie der Computerkultur und eine theoretische und empirische
Analyse von Computerweltbildern vorgelegt. Zu diesem Zweck
entwickelt der Autor im ersten Teil des Buches ein neues,
multiperspektivisches Modell des Weltbildkonzepts. Im zweiten,
empirischen Teil analysiert der Autor vor dem Hintergrund einer
spezifischen Informatik- und Computerkultur in Gesellschaft,
Wissenschaft und Schule die Computerweltbilder von Mathematik- und
Informatiklehrern.
Der steigende Einfluss der Herstellerindustrie sowie
Autonomieverluste der Anwender durch globale Vernetzungen lassen
heute nur noch einen schmalen Gestaltungskorridor im
Anwenderbetrieb ubrig. Die Gestaltung von Arbeit und Technik kann
somit kaum noch als alleiniges Problem "autonomer" Anwenderbetriebe
behandelt werden. Die Anwendung von Informations- und
Kommunikationstechniken im Buro folgt nicht der Automatik einer
"Nutzungslogik," sondern wird vonOrientierungen und Leitbildern
starker beeinflusst als bisher angenommen. Dies weisen die Autoren
aufgrund empirischer Untersuchungen nach und eroffnen aus der Sicht
einer sozialorientierten Informatik neue Perspektiven der
Gestaltung von Arbeit und Technik."
With essays by Peter Berger, George Forell, Reginald Fuller, Walter
Harrelson, Franklin Littell, Jaroslav Pelikan, Franklin Sherman,
all under the editorship of Martin Marty.Less than two decades
since Bonhoeffer's execution in 1945, a symposium of scholars was
held to rescue the real Bonhoeffer from the so-called "Bonhoeffer
mystique" that was popular in the 1960's. Martin Marty, who planned
and edited this symposium, writes in his Introduction: "Here, for
the first time in the U.S., a number of Christian thinkers gather
to analyze Bonhoeffer's theological achievement. . . . The eight
writers of this book try to locate his methods and emphases in the
various disciplines of theological study." These disciplines
include biblical studies, church history, systematic theology,
ethics, sociology, philosophy, and liturgy and devotion.Altogether,
these seminal essays serve to reinstate the central question,
continually reiterated by Bonhoeffer, "Who is Christ for us today?"
Religion is studied from a multitude of approaches and
methodologies: history, anthropology, philosophy, sociology,
psychology and the academic study of religion. This volume differs
from most other introductions and handbooks in that it draws on
ongoing research to show “how” researchers approach their
topics. Its aim is to provide orientation in this multidisciplinary
context without attempting to homogenize the field. The
introduction provides students with an overview of four key issues
that are at stake when choosing an approach to studying religion in
a multidisciplinary context: • the ways scholars conceptualize
and delineate “religion” as an object of study • what theory
is and what it is for • at what level of analysis research may
take place • the “problem of belief” the study of religion.
In subsequent chapters, each author discusses material from their
own research to demonstrate the approach and methodology they apply
and what kind of insights these yield. Intended for undergraduate
students of religion as well as broader audiences interested in the
study of religion, this book will enable students to orient
themselves with the various methodologies and perspectives that may
be deployed to formulate and answer their own research questions.
Studienarbeit aus dem Jahr 2012 im Fachbereich Geschichte Europa -
Deutschland - 1848, Kaiserreich, Imperialismus, Note: 1,0,
Technische Universitat Dresden, Sprache: Deutsch, Abstract: Wenn
man sich mit der Prostitution im 19. Jahrhundert beschaftigt sieht
man sich einer Reihe angrenzender Problemfelder gegenuber. Neben
den sozialen Fragen, welche unter anderem den Wohnungs- und
Stadtebau, sowie die dazugehorigen hygienischen Umstande betreffen,
sowie auch die Thematik der Arbeits- und Lohnverhaltnisse in den
Fabriken dieser Zeit. Dazu kommen juristische und medizinische
Fragen, die vor allem in der zweiten Halfte des 19. Jahrhunderts
kontrovers diskutiert wurden. Einig war man sich fast immer
daruber, dass es sich bei der Prostitution um ein
gesellschaftliches Ubel handelte, welches man beseitigen musse.
Uber die Frage des Wie?" herrschte allerdings Uneinigkeit. Neben
den eben angesprochenen Thematiken wirft die Auseinandersetzung mit
der Prostitution jener Zeit aber auch einen erhellenden Blick auf
das herrschenden Bild die Frauen betreffend. Die Klasse des
Burgertums hatte einen Moralkodex und ein Geschlechterbild, mit
denen sie sich nach oben und unten hin abzugrenzen versuchte. In
diesen Vorstellungen war die Differenzierung von Mann und Frau mit
den dazugehorigen Fahigkeiten und Pflichten eine
gesellschaftstragende. Der burgerlichen Vorstellung, wie eine Frau
zu sein hatte, stand die Prostituierte als Gegensatz gegenuber. Sie
verkorperte alles, was einer tugendhaften Frau schadete. Schon
allein die Tatsache, dass es vor allem Manner eben jener Klasse
waren, welche sich moralisch uber die Prostituierten stellte, die
deren Dienste in Anspruch nahmen, zeigt diese Lucke. Mit den
Vorstellungen uber Moral wird auch ein Blick auf die burgerlichen
Vorstellungen geworfen, wie eine burgerliche Frau zu sein hat und
wie eben jene Moral das Geschlechterverhaltnis bestimmte. Der erste
und zweite Punkt dieser Arbeit beschaftigt sich mit dem Burgertum
und seiner Moralvorst
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