Antimicrobial agents, called fungicides, sporicides or biocides have long been used to control, prevent and remediate microbial growth. Currently public concern about the impact of pesticides, including fungicides, on human health is greater than ever before. Pesticides are essential in agricultural production, but they constitute a potential risk to humans who are exposed to them directly through various ways and indirectly through diet. In vitro techniques used to study in vitro metabolism and interactions are briefly described in this book, summarising the metabolic and kinetic properties of selected fungicides. Different analytical methods are reported in the literature for the analysis of fungicides. Developments in the methods devoted to fungicide analysis in environmental samples over the past 15 years are also looked at. In addition, biological contaminants, especially mould in buildings, which are known to act as sources of indoor air pollution, discomfort, asthma and pulmonary disease in building occupants and antimicrobial treatments of indoor mould and bacteria are reviewed. Finally, this book shows the current situation of the analysis of fungicide residues in environmental, biological and food samples, describing the analytical methods used for their determination.