In recent years, the scope of energy planning has been broadened to include a variety of additional considerations such as socioeconomic and environ mental impacts. The fundamental purpose of energy planning is to formu late policy. Policy must be formulated in response to the interests which that policy would affect. A planning model called policy programming is developed in this work from basic concepts of hierarchical system theory and input-output analysis. The model is used in planning for energy park development in a specific region. I wish to acknowledge gratefully the suggestions of Thomas L. Saaty and Ronald Miller who commented at length on various drafts of the manu script. Support for this work was provided in part by the U. S. Energy Research and Development Administration, the U. S. Federal Energy Administration, and the University of Pennsylvania Energy Center. Peter Blair December, 1977 Contents Preface v PART ONE: SYSTEMS THEORY AND ENERGY PLANNING 1. Introduction 1. 1 Energy planning 3 1. 2 General approach to the problem 6 1. 3 Principal significance 7 2. Energy systeDM and planning 2. 1 The energy planning problem 10 2. 2 Energy planning and multiple objectives 14 2. 3 Structure of policy-making systems 18 2. 4 Energy-environment systems 21 2. 5 The eigenvalue prioritization model 27 3. Policy programming for multiobjective energy planning 3. 1 Introduction 38 3. 2 Definitions 38 3. 3 The modified hierarchical approach 41 3. 4 Goal programming 51 3."

Gardening for Golfers is a book written for golfers, gardeners, or anyone else with a sense of humor. The main concept of the book is for one to use their golf clubs to maintain their yard, making the yard look nice, while at the same time improving their golf game. It goes down hill from there. The book includes some great humorous photos and social commentary whether you like golf or not. This is a perfect gift book for that golfer you know. Don't buy one of those boring books to improve the golf swing, they don't work. At least with this book you all can laugh a little.

"An excellent introduction to an obscure and difficult period." —The Economist

By the time of Caesar's first expedition to Britain in 55 B.C., migratory movements had established close ties of kinship and common interest between the peoples who lived in Gaul and some of the inhabitants of Britain. Because the source material is so meager for much of early British history, Mr. Blair is careful to explain just how scholars have arrived at an accurate knowledge of the first 900 years.

The real history of Britain begins with the Roman occupation, for the Romans were the first to leave substantial documentary and archaeological evidence. After the governorship of Agricola the written sources almost entirely disappear until the early Anglo-Saxon era of the fifth century; but archaeologists have been able to gather a great deal of information about the intervening centuries from excavations of old walled towns, roads, and fortresses dating from the Roman period. Mr. Blair skillfully describes the transition from Roman to Saxon England and shows why Rome's greatest legacy to her former colony—Christianity—flowered within Anglo-Saxon culture. The source material on Saxon England is mainly documentary, as these new inhabitants built in wood and little archaeological evidence has survived. However, Bede's Ecclesiatical History of the English Nation and other great Christian writings, the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle, Beowulf, the stories of Caedmon, and other poems and epics in the Germanic minstrelsy tradition, have revealed much about English economic, social, and cultural life up to the accession of Alfred the Great.

Blair's third collection documents the author's experiences living in Thailand. A lyric and insightful collection that explores travel, identity, and memory.