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This book not only presents the overall development of quality
function deployment (QFD) and what it has been used for to date but
a new product support orientation by which it can be employed. It
is product and service “system” focused and presents how
blending the processes and elements of supportability and analysis
into a QFD-modeled methodology can achieve optimal cost savings and
performance efficiency and effectiveness. In addition, a working
model is provided that will assist those that elect to use such an
approach to current/new product and/or service development. QFD is
widely spreading throughout the world because of its outstanding
usefulness. It is aimed to fulfill the customer’s expectation of
a product or service design. Organizations of all sizes are using
it to (1) save product and service design and development time, (2)
focus on how the product or service might satisfy the customer and
(3) improve communication at all levels of an organization during
the development process. Based on these three reasons, today's
traditional QFD can be divided into three branches and analyzed.
First, QFD can be implemented effectively for developing new
products and designs by establishing the linkage between design
stages through the manufacturing environment. However, research has
found that traditional QFD is quite weak in implementing
modifications to existing product and service design during its
predicted lifecycle. Second, most research to this point has been
squarely focused on the “voice of the customer” for
prioritizing customer needs. While certainly needed, the “voice
of the system” that is being used to produce the product/service
and how they operate during its intended life cycle has been given
less attention. Third, QFD is often viewed as overly
labor-intensive and thus costly, and, because of its team-based
development logic, manual in nature by those involved during its
development and implementation. Research has shown that life cycle
sustainment planning and support for current or proposed products
and/or services requires a seamless and balanced life cycle support
methodology. To achieve this type of support, twelve functional
elements have been identified that form the product support
infrastructure. A new approach, one that views product support as
an integrative activity where all twelve product support elements
are assessed over the entire product and/or service life cycle is
being deployed. With this deployment comes a need to ensure Key
Performance Parameters (KPPs) are achieved and functional alignment
obtained by balancing supportability element cost and provisioning
throughout the entire product and/or service lifecycle, not just
during the development stage, and to view the system as the
“customer” and thus listen to the “Voice of the System”
when assessing supportability requirements. Quality Function
Deployment (QFD) is such a tool. This book contains four sections.
Section 1 provides an initial overview of QFD origins, and history
and highlights some of its use today. It addresses how QFD fits
within the organization, increasing revenue, and reducing cost. It
outlines a step-by-step strategy for successfully deploying QFD
within the organization. Section 2 examines the evolving product
and/or service requirement, creating the design solution using QFD,
assessing supportability characteristics using QFD, and performing
functional supportability analysis using QFD. Section 3 provides a
guide for developing the life cycle supportability solution using
QFD methodology on an ongoing basis, and managing processes
throughout the systems lifecycle. Section 4 addresses using QFD in
an imperfect world and will provide insight into how to use QFD
beyond the standard “house of quality” concept.
This book not only presents the overall development of quality
function deployment (QFD) and what it has been used for to date but
a new product support orientation by which it can be employed. It
is product and service “system” focused and presents how
blending the processes and elements of supportability and analysis
into a QFD-modeled methodology can achieve optimal cost savings and
performance efficiency and effectiveness. In addition, a working
model is provided that will assist those that elect to use such an
approach to current/new product and/or service development. QFD is
widely spreading throughout the world because of its outstanding
usefulness. It is aimed to fulfill the customer’s expectation of
a product or service design. Organizations of all sizes are using
it to (1) save product and service design and development time, (2)
focus on how the product or service might satisfy the customer and
(3) improve communication at all levels of an organization during
the development process. Based on these three reasons, today's
traditional QFD can be divided into three branches and analyzed.
First, QFD can be implemented effectively for developing new
products and designs by establishing the linkage between design
stages through the manufacturing environment. However, research has
found that traditional QFD is quite weak in implementing
modifications to existing product and service design during its
predicted lifecycle. Second, most research to this point has been
squarely focused on the “voice of the customer” for
prioritizing customer needs. While certainly needed, the “voice
of the system” that is being used to produce the product/service
and how they operate during its intended life cycle has been given
less attention. Third, QFD is often viewed as overly
labor-intensive and thus costly, and, because of its team-based
development logic, manual in nature by those involved during its
development and implementation. Research has shown that life cycle
sustainment planning and support for current or proposed products
and/or services requires a seamless and balanced life cycle support
methodology. To achieve this type of support, twelve functional
elements have been identified that form the product support
infrastructure. A new approach, one that views product support as
an integrative activity where all twelve product support elements
are assessed over the entire product and/or service life cycle is
being deployed. With this deployment comes a need to ensure Key
Performance Parameters (KPPs) are achieved and functional alignment
obtained by balancing supportability element cost and provisioning
throughout the entire product and/or service lifecycle, not just
during the development stage, and to view the system as the
“customer” and thus listen to the “Voice of the System”
when assessing supportability requirements. Quality Function
Deployment (QFD) is such a tool. This book contains four sections.
Section 1 provides an initial overview of QFD origins, and history
and highlights some of its use today. It addresses how QFD fits
within the organization, increasing revenue, and reducing cost. It
outlines a step-by-step strategy for successfully deploying QFD
within the organization. Section 2 examines the evolving product
and/or service requirement, creating the design solution using QFD,
assessing supportability characteristics using QFD, and performing
functional supportability analysis using QFD. Section 3 provides a
guide for developing the life cycle supportability solution using
QFD methodology on an ongoing basis, and managing processes
throughout the systems lifecycle. Section 4 addresses using QFD in
an imperfect world and will provide insight into how to use QFD
beyond the standard “house of quality” concept.
In order to achieve optimal digestion, absorption, and nutritional
health, we must have appropriate populations of positive
microflora. Prebiotics are functional foods that improve health by
fortifying indigenous probiotics within the gut. This fast-growing
area of nutrition and microbiology is rapidly amassing data and
answering many questions about the necessity and benefit of such
functional foods.
Gathering contributions from leading experts in a range of
disciplines, Handbook of Prebiotics presents a balanced view of the
current knowledge in many different areas of the field. It
discusses concept, definition and criteria for classification of a
food component as prebiotics It then describes interactions with
gut microbiota. Highlighting varying levels of evidence and
agreement, the book presents current arguments for and against
prebiotic intake. Contributions discuss the biomechanics of
prebiotics and their effects on immune status, serum lipid
concentrations, mineral bioavailability, and satiety modulation.
They consider the health implications of prebiotic intake such as
reduced incidence of gastroenteritis and chronic pathogenic gut
disorders, including intestinal cancers and inflammatory bowel
diseases.
Providing well-rounded coverage, the book explores the varying
effects of prebiotics in different populations and age groups such
as infants and the elderly, as well as livestock and pets. The
final chapters describe food avenues and the safety implications
for prebiotic use. Spanning several disciplines including food
science, nutrition, microbiology, biotechnology, and the health
sciences, this seminal work makes a point to include sound research
science andwell-balanced views on the potential of prebiotics for
promoting good health.
In the wake of Vladimir Lenin’s death in 1924, various
protagonists grappled to become his successor, but it was not until
1928 that Joseph Stalin emerged as leader of the Russian
Marxists’ Bolshevik wing. Surrounded by an increasingly hostile
capitalist world, Stalin reasoned that Soviet Russia had to
industrialize in order to survive and prosper. But domestic capital
was scarce, so the country’s minerals, timber, and grain were
sold abroad for hard currency for funding the development of heavy
industry. Claiming total control of agricultural management and
production, Stalin implemented the collectivization of farming,
consolidating small peasant holdings into large collective farms
and controlling their output. The program was economically
successful, but it came at a high social cost as the state
encountered intense resistance, and between 1928 and 1934
collectivization led to the deaths of at least ten million people
from starvation and associated diseases. Hungry and Starving
elicits the voices of both the culprits and the victims at the
centre of this horrific process. Through primary accounts of
collectivization as well as the eyewitness observations of
ambassadors, reporters, tourists, fellow travellers, Russian
emigrés, tsarist officials, aristocrats, scientists, and technical
specialists, James Gibson engages the crucial notions and actors in
the academic discourse of the period. He finds that the famine
lasted longer than is commonly supposed, that it took place on a
national rather than a regional scale, and that while the famine
was entirely man-made – the result of the ruthless manner in
which collectivization was executed and enforced – it was neither
deliberate nor ethnically motivated, given that it was not in the
Soviet state’s economic or political interest to engage in
genocide. Highlighting the experiences of life and death under
Stalin’s ruthless regime, Hungry and Starving offers a broader
understanding of the Great Soviet Famine.
Disruption of a construction project is of key concern to the
contractor as any delay to the project will involve the contractor
in financial loss, unless those losses can be recovered from the
employer. It is, however, acknowledged that disruption claims in
construction are difficult to prove, usually the result of poor or
inaccurate project records, but the cost of lost productivity or
reduced efficiency to the contractor under these circumstances is
very real. Practical Guide to Disruption and Productivity Loss on
Construction & Engineering Projects is clearly written to
explain the key causes of disruption and productivity loss.
Disruption claims rest on proof of causation, so it discusses the
project records that are necessary to demonstrate the causes of
disruption, lost productivity and reduced efficiency in detail.
Quantification of a disruption claim in terms of delay to
activities and the associated costs are also fully discussed. With
many worked examples throughout the text, this will be an essential
book for anyone either preparing or assessing a disruption and loss
of productivity claims, including architects, contract
administrators, project managers and quantity surveyors as well as
contractors, contracts consultants and construction lawyers.
This book analyzes the ways in which US policy toward Iraq was
dictated by America's broader Cold War strategy between 1958 and
1975. While most historians have focused on "hot" Cold War
conflicts such as Cuba, Vietnam, and Afghanistan, few have
recognized Iraq's significance as a Cold War battleground. This
book argues that US decisions and actions were designed to deny the
Soviet Union influence over Iraq and to create a strategic base in
the oil-rich Gulf region. Using newly available primary sources and
interviews, this book reveals new details on America's
decision-making toward and actions against Iraq during the height
of the Cold War and shows where Iraq fits into the broader
historiography of the Cold War in the Middle East. Further, it
raises important questions about widely held misconceptions of
US-Iraqi relations, such as the CIA's alleged involvement in the
1963 Ba'thist coup and the theory that the US sold out the Kurds in
1975.
As governments, citizens and organizations have moved online there
is an increasing need for academic enquiry to adapt to this new
context for communication and political action. This adaptation is
crucially dependent on researchers being equipped with the
necessary methodological tools to extract, analyze and visualize
patterns of web activity. This volume profiles the latest
techniques being employed by social scientists to collect and
interpret data from some of the most popular social media
applications, the political parties' own online activist spaces,
and the wider system of hyperlinks that structure the
inter-connections between these sites. Including contributions from
a range of academic disciplines including Political Science, Media
and Communication Studies, Economics, and Computer Science, this
study showcases a new methodological approach that has been
expressly designed to capture and analyze web data in the process
of investigating substantive questions.
As governments, citizens and organizations have moved online there
is an increasing need for academic enquiry to adapt to this new
context for communication and political action. This adaptation is
crucially dependent on researchers being equipped with the
necessary methodological tools to extract, analyze and visualize
patterns of web activity. This volume profiles the latest
techniques being employed by social scientists to collect and
interpret data from some of the most popular social media
applications, the political parties' own online activist spaces,
and the wider system of hyperlinks that structure the
inter-connections between these sites. Including contributions from
a range of academic disciplines including Political Science, Media
and Communication Studies, Economics, and Computer Science, this
study showcases a new methodological approach that has been
expressly designed to capture and analyze web data in the process
of investigating substantive questions.
The nemerteans are a fascinating, common and often locally abundant
group of invertebrates, yet for long have attracted the attention
of only a handful of scientists. In recent years, however,
increasing numbers of people have developed diverse research
interests in the group with the result that our knowledge of these
worms has rapidly advanced. Clearly there is a need for a regular
series of international meetings where individuals working on these
animals can meet to exchange ideas, review developments concerning
nemertean biology and freely discuss future proposals. The first
such meeting was held in Philadelphia during December 1983.
Twenty-seven scientists from eight countries participated in the
Second International Meeting on Nemertean Biology, held at the
Tjarno Marine Biological Laboratory, Sweden, 11-15 August 1986. The
meeting was divid ed into five sessions: two dealt with ecological
studies, two with nemertean taxonomy, and the final session covered
aspects of general biology. A total of 26 papers was presented;
four, by N. Anadem, G. Berg, 1. Bierne, and 1.M. TurbeviIIe, were
for different reasons not submitted for inclusion in this volume.
Three additional presentations were made on behalf of B. Kulikova,
E. N. WiIImer, and Z. Yin, all of whom were unable to participate
in the meeting.
In order to achieve optimal digestion, absorption, and nutritional
health, we must have appropriate populations of positive
microflora. Prebiotics are functional foods that improve health by
fortifying indigenous probiotics within the gut. This fast-growing
area of nutrition and microbiology is rapidly amassing data and
answering many questions about the necessity and benefit of such
functional foods. Gathering contributions from leading experts in a
range of disciplines, Handbook of Prebiotics presents a balanced
view of the current knowledge in many different areas of the field.
It discusses concept, definition and criteria for classification of
a food component as prebiotics It then describes interactions with
gut microbiota. Highlighting varying levels of evidence and
agreement, the book presents current arguments for and against
prebiotic intake. Contributions discuss the biomechanics of
prebiotics and their effects on immune status, serum lipid
concentrations, mineral bioavailability, and satiety modulation.
They consider the health implications of prebiotic intake such as
reduced incidence of gastroenteritis and chronic pathogenic gut
disorders, including intestinal cancers and inflammatory bowel
diseases. Providing well-rounded coverage, the book explores the
varying effects of prebiotics in different populations and age
groups such as infants and the elderly, as well as livestock and
pets. The final chapters describe food avenues and the safety
implications for prebiotic use. Spanning several disciplines
including food science, nutrition, microbiology, biotechnology, and
the health sciences, this seminal work makes a point to include
sound research science and well-balanced views on the potential of
prebiotics for promoting good health.
The incredible story of how Chiang Kai-shek's defeated army came to
dominate the Asian drug trade
After their defeat in China's civil war, remnants of Chiang
Kai-shek's armies took refuge in Burma before being driven into
Thailand and Laos. Based on recently declassified government
documents, "The Secret Army: Chiang Kai-shek and the Drug Warlords
of the Golden Triangle" reveals the shocking true story of what
happened after the Chinese Nationalists lost the revolution.
Supported by Taiwan, the CIA, and the Thai government, this former
army reinvented itself as an anti-communist mercenary force,
fighting into the 1980s, before eventually becoming the drug lords
who made the Golden Triangle a household name.
Offering a previously unseen look inside the post-war workings
of the Kuomintang army, historians Richard Gibson and Wen-hua Chen
explore how this fallen military group dominated the drug trade in
Southeast Asia for more than three decades.Based on recently
released, previously classified government documentsDraws on
interviews with active participants, as well as a variety of
Chinese, Thai, and Burmese written sourcesIncludes unique insights
drawn from author Richard Gibson's personal experiences with
anti-narcotics trafficking efforts in the Golden Triangle
A fascinating look at an untold piece of Chinese--and
drug-running--history, "The Secret Army" offers a revealing look
into the history of one of the most infamous drug cartels in
Asia.
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