Relation algebras are algebras arising from the study of binary relations.
They form a part of the field of algebraic logic, and have applications in proof theory, modal logic, and computer science. This research text uses combinatorial games to study the fundamental notion of representations of relation algebras. Games allow an intuitive and appealing approach to the subject, and permit substantial advances to be made. The book contains many new results and proofs not published elsewhere. It should be invaluable to graduate students and researchers interested in relation algebras and games.

After an introduction describing the authors' perspective on the material, the text proper has six parts. The lengthy first part is devoted to background material, including the formal definitions of relation algebras, cylindric algebras, their basic properties, and some connections between them. Examples are given. Part 1 ends with a short survey of other work beyond the scope of the book. In part 2, games are introduced, and used to axiomatise various classes of algebras. Part 3 discusses approximations to representability, using bases, relation algebra reducts, and relativised representations. Part 4 presents some constructions of relation algebras, including Monk algebras and the 'rainbow construction', and uses them to show that various classes of representable algebras are non-finitely axiomatisable or even non-elementary. Part 5 shows that the representability problem for finite relation algebras is undecidable, and then in contrast proves some finite base property results. Part 6 contains a condensed summary of the book, and a list of problems. There are more than 400 exercises.

The book is generally self-contained on relation algebras and on games, and introductory text is scattered throughout. Some familiarity with elementary aspects of first-order logic and set theory is assumed, though many of the definitions are given. Chapter 2 introduces the necessary universal algebra and model theory, and more specific model-theoretic ideas are explained as they arise.

Nutrition and Sensation, Second Edition continues to explore how sensations unravel the hidden sensory universe which acts to control our appetite and nutritional desires. The sensory influence on food is found everywhere-whether it is the color of soda, the viscosity of maple syrup, or the aroma of chocolate-the sensory experience fuels consumption. This book continues to discuss the impact of olfaction, gustation, retronasal olfaction, vision, vestibular function, hearing, and somatosensory and tactile nature on nutrition. It also focuses on the use of the sensory system to treat nutritional disorders including obesity, with attention to the mechanisms encompassing smell and taste and how this can influence satiety and weight. Nutrition and Sensation, Second Edition provides a deeper understanding of the fascinating link between the sensory system and nutrition.

Written from the viewpoint of the practicing clinician, this text is an indispensable addition to the library of anyone who is in the practice of medicine, osteopathy, or chiropractic, as well as for the judge, lawyer, or social worker who may interact with those presenting with the possibility of malingering. Other topics discussed include Waddell's Signs, the Pinocchio Phenomenon, the Othello Error, the Menace Reflex, the Reliable Digit Span, Lombard's Test, the Babinski Sign of the Eyebrow, the Hummel Double Conversation Test, the Swinging Story Test, the Judd-Persaud Test, the Teal Test, the Chimani-Moos Test, the Occlusion Effect, the Drop Arm Test, the Drop Leg Test, the Honest Palm Sign, the Elbow-Flex-Ex Sign, Beevor's Sign, Schober's Test, the Babinski Trunk-Thigh Test, and the Barre Test. Advance praise for Neurological Malingering "Dr. Hirsch's book is long overdue and covers a critical topic of concern to all medical practitioners. This comprehensive treatise is a must for all physicians, psychologists, and others who work with patients who have incentive to gain from the system. Multiple topics related to malingering are presented in 16 straightforward chapters never before compiled in a single volume. I recommend this book highly to anyone concerned about malingering and its impact on the medical system." - Richard L. Doty, PhD, FAAN, Professor and Director, Smell and Taste Center, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania "Malingering affects not only the malingerers, but the persons and institutions around them as well. As a lay person, the readings have certainly made me considerably more sensitive to suspect behavior. And where knowledge of the underlying condition can affect relationships or transactions one is associated with, it is certainly useful to not only recognize its existence, but also to put it within the context of the challenges that it presents to those relationships or transactions. I count the time spent reading this most comprehensive work as well spent. I would further recommend it to others whose interests, decisions and/or professional pursuits could very well be affected by malingering, whether the behavior is or is not purposeful." - Judge Stephen A. Schiller (Retired), Circuit Court of Cook County, Illinois

The revised and updated third edition of The Making of Urban America includes seven new articles and a richly detailed historiographical essay that discusses the vast urban history literature added to the canon since the publication of the second edition. The authors' extensively revised introductions and the fifteen reprinted articles trace urban development from the preindustrial city to the twentieth-century city. With emphasis on the social, economic, political, commercial, and cultural aspects of urban history, these essays illustrate the growth and change that created modern-day urban life. Dynamic topics such as technology, immigration and ethnicity, suburbanization, sunbelt cities, urban political history, and planning and housing are examined. The Making of Urban America is the only reader available that covers all of U.S. urban history and that also includes the most recent interpretive scholarship on the subject.

Written from the viewpoint of the practicing clinician, this text is an indispensable addition to the library of anyone who is in the practice of medicine, osteopathy, or chiropractic, as well as for the judge, lawyer, or social worker who may interact with those presenting with the possibility of malingering. Other topics discussed include Waddell's Signs, the Pinocchio Phenomenon, the Othello Error, the Menace Reflex, the Reliable Digit Span, Lombard's Test, the Babinski Sign of the Eyebrow, the Hummel Double Conversation Test, the Swinging Story Test, the Judd-Persaud Test, the Teal Test, the Chimani-Moos Test, the Occlusion Effect, the Drop Arm Test, the Drop Leg Test, the Honest Palm Sign, the Elbow-Flex-Ex Sign, Beevor's Sign, Schober's Test, the Babinski Trunk-Thigh Test, and the Barre Test. Advance praise for Neurological Malingering "Dr. Hirsch's book is long overdue and covers a critical topic of concern to all medical practitioners. This comprehensive treatise is a must for all physicians, psychologists, and others who work with patients who have incentive to gain from the system. Multiple topics related to malingering are presented in 16 straightforward chapters never before compiled in a single volume. I recommend this book highly to anyone concerned about malingering and its impact on the medical system." - Richard L. Doty, PhD, FAAN, Professor and Director, Smell and Taste Center, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania "Malingering affects not only the malingerers, but the persons and institutions around them as well. As a lay person, the readings have certainly made me considerably more sensitive to suspect behavior. And where knowledge of the underlying condition can affect relationships or transactions one is associated with, it is certainly useful to not only recognize its existence, but also to put it within the context of the challenges that it presents to those relationships or transactions. I count the time spent reading this most comprehensive work as well spent. I would further recommend it to others whose interests, decisions and/or professional pursuits could very well be affected by malingering, whether the behavior is or is not purposeful." - Judge Stephen A. Schiller (Retired), Circuit Court of Cook County, Illinois

First published in 1983 and praised by the likes of Ta-Nehisi Coates and Thomas Sugrue, Arnold R. Hirsch's Making the Second Ghetto is the rare book that has only become more piercingly prescient over the years. Hirsch's classic and groundbreaking work of urban history is a revelatory look at Chicago in the decades after the Great Depression, a period when the city dealt with its rapidly growing Black population not by working to abolish its stark segregation but by expanding and solidifying it. Even as the civil rights movement rose to prominence, Chicago exploited a variety of methods of segregation-including riots, redevelopment, and a host of new legal frameworks-that provided a national playbook for the emergence of a new kind of entrenched inequality. Hirsch's chronicle of the strategies employed by ethnic, political, and business interests in reaction to the Great Migration of Southern Blacks in the mid-twentieth century makes startingly clear how the violent reactions of an emergent white population found common ground with policy makers to segregate first a city and then the nation. This enlarged edition of Making the Second Ghetto features a visionary afterword by historian N. D. B. Connolly, explaining why Hirsch's book still crackles with "blistering relevance" for contemporary readers.

Employing Mathematical Modeling to Engage Students at All Levels Mathematical modeling plays an increasingly important role both in real-life applications-in engineering, business, the social sciences, climate study, advanced design, and more-and within mathematics education itself. This 2016 volume of Annual Perspectives in Mathematics Education (APME) focuses on this key topic from a wide variety of perspectives and distinguishes it from modeling mathematics. The book's 25 chapters are grouped into seven sections: Understanding Models and Modeling Using Models to Represent Mathematics Teaching and Learning about Mathematical Modeling Mathematical Modeling as a Vehicle for STEM Learning Designing Modeling-Oriented Tasks and Curricula Assessing Mathematical Modeling Supporting Teachers' Learning about Mathematical Modeling Written by leading mathematics educators, mathematicians, and researchers, the chapters in this volume include reflections on the meaning and practice of modeling, case studies, research observations, and proven strategies for implementation in the classroom and in teacher education. With its thorough consideration of this essential subject, this year's volume of APME supports educators at all levels as they incorporate modeling in their instructional practice to improve the learning of mathematics and its applications for all students.

We the People have forgotten many of our constitutional rights, or we have allowed government officials to interpret them for us -- even when they are wrong. It is time to reclaim our Constitution.Did you know that:
-- The Supreme Court is not the ultimate authority for constitutional interpretation. It is subservient to the People, who can amend the Constitution through a kind of national referendum.
-- In certain cases juries may decide for themselves how to interpret the Constitution rather than follow judges' opinions.
-- The Framers intended for us to be able to protect ourselves from the federal government.We the People have awesome responsibilities. If the Constitution really is to be an instrument of the People, as intended, it is imperative that we all understand this great document. Read this book and keep it (and its copy of the Constitution) on your shelf. We all owe ourselves, and our fellow citizens, an education in our constitutional rights and responsibilities.

Through years of research, Dr. Alan Hirsch has determined that what we smell can influence what and how much we eat. This revolutionary new book teaches them to literally sniff away excess pounds and break their old patterns of eating, thereby losing the weight they keep fighting against.

This collection of six original essays explores the peculiar ethnic composition and history of New Orleans, which the authors persuasively argue is unique among American cities. The focus of Creole New Orleans is on the development of a colonial Franco-African culture in the city, the ways that culture was influenced by the arrival of later immigrants, and the processes that led to the eventual dominance of the Anglo-American community.

Essays in the book's first section focus not only on the formation of the curiously blended Franco-African culture but also on how that culture, once established, resisted change and allowed New Orleans to develop along French and African creole lines until the early nineteenth century. Jerah Johnson explores the motives and objectives of Louisiana's French founders, giving that issue the most searching analysis it has yet received. Gwendolyn Midlo Hall, in her account of the origins of New Orleans' free black population, offers a new approach to the early history of Africans in colonial Louisiana.

The second part of the book focuses on the challenge of incorporating New Orleans into the United States. As Paul F. LaChance points out, the French immigrants who arrived after the Louisiana Purchase slowed the Americanization process by preserving the city's creole culture. Joesph Tregle then presents a clear, concise account of the clash that occurred between white creoles and the many white Americans who during the 1800s migrated to the city. His analysis demonstrates how race finally brought an accommodation between the white creole and American leaders.

The third section centers on the evolution of the city's race relations during the nineteenth and twentieth centuries. Joseph Logsdon and Caryn Coss? Bell begin by tracing the ethno-cultural fault line that divided black Americans and creole through Reconstruction and the emergence of Jim Crow. Arnold R. Hirsch pursues the themes discerned by Logsdon and Bell from the turn of the century to the 1980s, examining the transformation of the city's racial politics.

Collectively, these essays fill a major void in Louisiana history while making a significant contribution to the history of urbanization, ethnicity, and race relations. The book will serve as a cornerstone for future study of the history of New Orleans.