Tin (Sn) whiskers are electrically conductive, single crystal eruptions that grow from Sn film surfaces. Their high aspect ratio presents reliability problems for the electronics industry due to bridging and metal arcing, leading to malfunctions and catastrophic failures in many electronic systems (including satellite and defense sectors). Due to legislation in the EU, Japan, and the U.S., mandating a gradual shift from lead (Pb)-based to lead-free solders and board finishes, there has been a reemergence of Sn whiskers. Continuing reports of Sn whisker induced failures coupled with the lack of an industry-accepted understanding of whisker growth and/or test methods to identify whisker prone products has made pure/high Sn substitutes a risky proposition in high reliability systems. This thesis is designed to clarify and control the fundamental mechanisms that govern whisker formation. The research focuses on reproducible "laboratory" created whiskers under a variety of rigorously controlled environmental factors such as film thickness, film stress, substrate material, gas environment, and humidity exposure, which are known to play a significant role in whisker production. The ultimate question of how to impede and/or prevent whisker growth is also addressed and shows that whisker prevention is possible via hard metal capping films, which are impenetrable by whiskers.

Pediatric Injury Biomechanics: Archive and Textbook consolidates and describes the current state of the art in pediatric injury biomechanics research in the automotive crash environment. Written by the most respected scientists in the field, the objective of this ground-breaking project is to provide a comprehensive archive and analysis of pediatric injury biomechanics research; to be the go-to reference for the epidemiology of motor vehicle related childhood injury data, pediatric anthropometry, pediatric biomechanical properties, tissue tolerance, and computational models. This book provides essential information needed by researchers working in the field of pediatric injury including those involved in rulemaking activities, injury criteria development, child dummy development, and child injury interventions development. In addition to the text, a companion archive will include valuable information and tools to assist in the identification of gaps in research and future research directions.This living document will be regularly updated with current research and advancements in pediatric injury biomechanics.

According to author Frederick J. Lanceley, known as one of the world's foremost crisis negotiation authorities, negotiators must train and train regularly. For just as the legal field constantly evolves, so does the field of crisis negotiation.

The new edition of his On-Scene Guide for Crisis Negotiators reflects this fact. A bestseller in its first edition, this book offers practical advice with regard to the theory, procedures, and techniques of crisis and suicide intervention and hostage negotiation. Two new chapters cover negotiation with people under the influence of drugs or alcohol and how first responders can contain the situation until a negotiator can arrive.

With a suicide intervention flow chart, a checklist for investigators assisting negotiators, and an on-scene guide for crisis negotiators, this indispensable book provides the tools you need to conduct successful negotiations and 'make nothing happen.'

According to author Frederick J. Lanceley one of the world's foremost crisis negotiation authorities negotiators must train and train regularly. For just as the legal field constantly evolves, so does the field of crisis negotiation. The new edition of On-Scene Guide for Crisis Negotiators reflects this fact. A bestseller in its first edition, this book offers practical advice with regard to the theory, procedures, and techniques of crisis and suicide intervention and hostage negotiation. Two new chapters in the second edition cover negotiation with people under the influence of drugs or alcohol and how first responders can contain a situation until a negotiator can arrive. With a suicide intervention flow chart, a checklist for investigators assisting negotiators, and an on-scene guide for crisis negotiators, this indispensable book provides the tools you need to conduct successful negotiations and "make nothing happen."

Businesses need to become more consumer-centric, efficient, and quality conscious. Yet global competition and supply chain complexity are increasing so rapidly that managers must reach across the manufacturing and service boundary to gather more universally applicable ideas. Vanishing Boundaries: How Integrating Manufacturing and Services Creates Customer Value, Second Edition addresses the unprecedented array of new conditions that today's business managers must face. The book is a revision of the authors' previous book, New Methods of Competing in the Global Marketplace, Critical Success Factors from Service and Manufacturing. The concepts underpinning the first edition continue to be relevant today and, in this revised edition, are complemented with coverage of additional emerging issues in today's business environment. The basic theme of the book is captured in its title and illustrated with the addition of case studies of some of today's most prominent companies. See What's New in the Second Edition: The emerging relationship between risk management and supply management Risk management, and its corollary, crisis management Trends in outsourcing, such as near-sourcing and in-sourcing Health care improvement programs to reduce cost and improve quality Sustainability - alternative energy infrastructure and the triple bottom line Integration of supply chain services to align goods, information and funds flows Advances in information technology, i.e., cloud computing, videoconferencing Present, and potential, role of social media in attracting customers, servicing customers and building network trading partners. This second edition creates greater awareness of the benefits that businesses can gain by sharing techniques and methodologies across the manufacturing/services boundary. The book emphasizes that successful change management requires a holistic focus on three levels of an organization - its technology, infrastructure, and organizational culture. It includes solutions and implementation strategies for risk and crisis management, sourcing, healthcare, alternative energy infrastructure, integration of supply chain services, advances in IT, social media, and customer relationship building.

Tin (Sn) whiskers are electrically conductive, single crystal eruptions that grow from Sn film surfaces. Their high aspect ratio presents reliability problems for the electronics industry due to bridging and metal arcing, leading to malfunctions and catastrophic failures in many electronic systems (including satellite and defense sectors). Due to legislation in the EU, Japan, and the U.S., mandating a gradual shift from lead (Pb)-based to lead-free solders and board finishes, there has been a reemergence of Sn whiskers. Continuing reports of Sn whisker induced failures coupled with the lack of an industry-accepted understanding of whisker growth and/or test methods to identify whisker prone products has made pure/high Sn substitutes a risky proposition in high reliability systems. This thesis is designed to clarify and control the fundamental mechanisms that govern whisker formation. The research focuses on reproducible "laboratory" created whiskers under a variety of rigorously controlled environmental factors such as film thickness, film stress, substrate material, gas environment, and humidity exposure, which are known to play a significant role in whisker production. The ultimate question of how to impede and/or prevent whisker growth is also addressed and shows that whisker prevention is possible via hard metal capping films, which are impenetrable by whiskers.

Pediatric Injury Biomechanics: Archive and Textbook consolidates and describes the current state of the art in pediatric injury biomechanics research in the automotive crash environment. Written by the most respected scientists in the field, the objective of this ground-breaking project is to provide a comprehensive archive and analysis of pediatric injury biomechanics research; to be the go-to reference for the epidemiology of motor vehicle related childhood injury data, pediatric anthropometry, pediatric biomechanical properties, tissue tolerance, and computational models. This book provides essential information needed by researchers working in the field of pediatric injury including those involved in rulemaking activities, injury criteria development, child dummy development, and child injury interventions development. In addition to the text, a companion archive will include valuable information and tools to assist in the identification of gaps in research and future research directions.This living document will be regularly updated with current research and advancements in pediatric injury biomechanics.

The second edition of this popular textbook presents a balanced overview of the principles of supply chain management. Going beyond the usual supply chain text, Principles of Supply Chain Management not only details the individual components of the supply chain, but also illustrates how the pieces must come together. To show the logic behind why supply chain management is essential, the text examines how supply chains are evolving, looks ahead to new developments, and provides a balanced look at supply chains with a focus on both the customer side and the supplier side of supply chains. See What's New in the Second Edition: Expanded coverage of current topics such as e-commerce, risk management, outsourcing and reshoring, sustainability, project management, and data analytics Increased emphasis on how customers are becoming more influential in steering product design Additional coverage of the use of data analytics to evaluate customer preferences and buying patterns A new chapter devoted to logistics and its increasing importance in supply chains Company profiles of organizations with effective supply chains that illustrate the main theme of each chapter A "Hot Topic" for each chapter, providing a description of a critical management issue to stimulate class discussion A complete set of instructor materials for each chapter, including presentation slides, test banks, class exercises, discussion questions, and more From the point of distribution to the final customer, all the way back to the point of origin at the mine or farm, the text provides examples and case histories that illustrate a proven approach for achieving effective supply chain integration. This self-contained resource provides readers with a realistic appraisal of the state of the art in supply chain management and the understanding needed to build and manage effective supply chains in a wide range of industries. Most importantly, it emphasizes the need for building and maintaining collaboration among all members of the supply chain.

Joshua Lightfoot is the last surviving member of his Native American family. Engrained in him by his race, is the belief that the Great Spirit was the Supreme Creator who held everyone's life in balance. Joshua is in the minority spiritually, as well as racially, as he struggles to harmonize his beliefs with those of the majority of the Christian people associated with his life. His family inheritance includes the responsibility of managing a large tract of forested land granted to his grandfather with the provision that it be preserved in its wilderness state, and managed by the Lightfoot family, and heirs forever. In order to sustain this responsibility, he has to take a wife and be blessed with heirs. Joshua struggles to preserve the peaceful independent existence of a handful of dedicated families and Indian laborers who work the land for the Lightfoot family. The young master of the Hermitage has to prove to himself, and those who work for him, that he is a worthy and creditable leader, as his father was before him. While he has a deep desire to marry a full-blooded Indian girl, destiny provides the circumstance and the setting for him to meet Abby Geldman, an Irish immigrant girl just out of finishing school. The story unfolds around the events leading up to the great blizzard of 1888 and its effect upon the lives of the inhabitants in the small, remote mountain village of Twin Bridges, located in the North Country of New York State.