This book explores the relationship between climate change–induced migration and conflict in Bangladesh – one of the most ecologically fragile countries in the world. It explores why people migrate from their original place of land and how the migration of people with a different background to an ethnically distinctive region due to environmental changes can become a source of conflict and violence between the host peoples and migrants. The volume focuses on the Chittagong Hill Tracts (CHT), which has experienced long-standing ethnopolitical conflict due to the settlement and migration of the Bengali people from the plain land of Bangladesh. This settlement and migration were mainly caused climatic events such as floods, cyclones, sealevel rise, and disasters. It traces the history of the ethnic conflict in the region and presents key findings from the field, as well as the dynamics of everyday politics in the region. This volume also highlights how internally climate-displaced people generate violence and civil strife in the major urban cities through their settlements in slums. The volume will be of great interest to scholars and researchers of environmental studies, human geography, migration and diaspora studies, public policy, social anthropology, and South Asian studies.

Pipelines: Emerging Technologies and Design Criteria, the latest release in the Sustainable Oil and Gas Development series, delivers the tools needed to understand more environmentally-friendly design, construction and maintenance of oil and gas pipelines. Designed to introduce ideal solutions and current state-of-the-art practices, the reference includes guidelines on environmental impact assessment and sustainable route design as well as the sustainability of additives and power systems. Material selection, real-time processing of smart well data and remote sensing are also discussed. Rounded out with inspection tools and emerging technology such as novel corrosion protection, this book gives pipeline engineers a guide on safer alternatives and upcoming guidelines in the race to reduce emissions.

Sustainable Oil and Gas Development Series: Reservoir Development delivers research materials and emerging technologies that conform sustainability in today's reservoirs. Starting with a status of technologies available, the reference describes sustainability as it applies to fracturing fluids, particularly within unconventional reservoirs. Basement reservoirs are discussed along with non-energy applications of fluids. Sustainability considerations for reserve predication are covered followed by risk analysis and scaling guidelines for further field development. Rounding out with conclusions and remaining challenges, Sustainable Oil and Gas Development Series: Reservoir Development gives today and future petroleum engineers a focused and balanced path to strengthen sustainability practices.

This book provides a supportive lending hand to researchers of constitutional law worldwide about the constitutional law of Bangladesh. Moreover, this book discusses the evolution and development of the constitutional law of Bangladesh over 50 years from its embryonic stage with reference to comparative constitutional law. This book is a very useful resource for the comparative constitutional researchers as readers will be able to easily interpret the constitutional law of Bangladesh from national, regional and global constitutional law perspectives. This book celebrates the fiftieth anniversary of the Constitution, the first of its kind to portray the journey of constitutionalism in Bangladesh comprehensively with intellectual observations and palatable recommendations for improvement. This book looks back to the constituent assembly debates, intention of the constitution makers and how have those dreams and aspirations have come into realities, what goals have been achieved, what caused some failures, and what should be its future directions. At such a momentous point in history, it is imperative that its native and foreign constitutional authoritative voices scholarly assess the constitutional design, understand the reasons for its successes and occasional failures, and ventilate their views towards its progressive development to elevate it to a new height in the 21st century and beyond. The book chapters discuss not only the text of the constitution and some judicial precedents, rather involve in a much larger task of unveiling the interpretative approach of the Constitution from a comparative constitutional law perspective. This book shall project the future roadmap for the journey of constitutionalism in Bangladesh throughout all chapters offering policy recommendations for the revision of the Constitution. 

Inside the Dark Web provides a broad overview of emerging digital threats and computer crimes, with an emphasis on cyberstalking, hacktivism, fraud and identity theft, and attacks on critical infrastructure. The book also analyzes the online underground economy and digital currencies and cybercrime on the dark web. The book further explores how dark web crimes are conducted on the surface web in new mediums, such as the Internet of Things (IoT) and peer-to-peer file sharing systems as well as dark web forensics and mitigating techniques. This book starts with the fundamentals of the dark web along with explaining its threat landscape. The book then introduces the Tor browser, which is used to access the dark web ecosystem. The book continues to take a deep dive into cybersecurity criminal activities in the dark net and analyzes the malpractices used to secure your system. Furthermore, the book digs deeper into the forensics of dark web, web content analysis, threat intelligence, IoT, crypto market, and cryptocurrencies. This book is a comprehensive guide for those who want to understand the dark web quickly. After reading Inside the Dark Web, you'll understand The core concepts of the dark web. The different theoretical and cross-disciplinary approaches of the dark web and its evolution in the context of emerging crime threats. The forms of cybercriminal activity through the dark web and the technological and "social engineering" methods used to undertake such crimes. The behavior and role of offenders and victims in the dark web and analyze and assess the impact of cybercrime and the effectiveness of their mitigating techniques on the various domains. How to mitigate cyberattacks happening through the dark web. The dark web ecosystem with cutting edge areas like IoT, forensics, and threat intelligence and so on. The dark web-related research and applications and up-to-date on the latest technologies and research findings in this area. For all present and aspiring cybersecurity professionals who want to upgrade their skills by understanding the concepts of the dark web, Inside the Dark Web is their one-stop guide to understanding the dark web and building a cybersecurity plan.

Sustainable Oil and Gas Development Series: Drilling Engineering delivers research materials and emerging technologies that conform sustainability drilling criteria. Starting with ideal zero-waste solutions in drilling and long-term advantages, the reference discusses the sustainability approach through the use of non-linear solutions and works its way through the most conventional practices and procedures used today. Step-by-step formulations and examples are provided to demonstrate how to look at conventional practices versus sustainable approaches with eventually diverging towards a more sustainable alternative. Emerging technologies are covered and detailed sustainability analysis is included. Economic considerations, analysis, and long-term consequences, focusing on risk management round out the with conclusions and a extensive glossary. Sustainable Oil and Gas Development Series: Drilling Engineering gives today's petroleum and drilling engineers a guide how to analyze and evaluate their operations in a more environmentally-driven way.

Petroleum Reservoir Simulation, Second Edition, introduces this novel engineering approach for petroleum reservoir modeling and operations simulations. Updated with new exercises, a new glossary and a new chapter on how to create the data to run a simulation, this comprehensive reference presents step-by-step numerical procedures in an easy to understand format. Packed with practical examples and guidelines, this updated edition continues to deliver an essential tool for all petroleum and reservoir engineers.

This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 16th Australasian Conference on Data Mining, AusDM 2018, held in Bathurst, NSW, Australia, in November 2018.The 27 revised full papers presented together with 3 short papers were carefully reviewed and selected from 80 submissions. The papers are organized in topical sections on classification task; transport, environment, and energy; applied data mining; privacy and clustering; statistics in data science; health, software and smartphone; image data mining; industry showcase.

Natural gas, especially unconventional gas, has an increasingly important role in meeting the world's energy needs. Experts estimate that it has the potential to add anywhere from 60-250% to the global proven gas reserve in the next two decades. To maintain pace with increasing global demand, "Unconventional Gas Reservoirs" provides the necessary bridge into the newer processes, approaches and designs to help identify these more uncommon reservoirs available and how to maximize its unconventional potential.

Loaded with reservoir development and characterization strategies, this book will show you how to: Recognize the challenges and opportunities surrounding unconventional gas reservoirsDistinguish among the various types of unconventional reservoirs, such as shale gas, coalbed methane, and tight gas formationsDrill down and quantify the reservoir s economic potential and other critical considerations
Gain practical insights and tools to efficiently identify, appraise, and develop unconventional gas reservoirsUnderstand various techniques used to analyze reservoir parameters and performance as well as how they were applied to numerous real-world case studiesUpgrade to the latest informationon perspectives and insightswith discussion of key differences used for today s unconventional gas characterization versus original conventional methods that failed in the past "

This book presents innovative ideas, cutting-edge findings, and novel techniques, methods, and applications in a broad range of cybersecurity and cyberthreat intelligence areas. As our society becomes smarter, there is a corresponding need to be able to secure our cyberfuture. The approaches and findings described in this book are of interest to businesses and governments seeking to secure our data and underpin infrastructures, as well as to individual users.

In today's modern business world, the dominant factor of any organization's success is human capital. Appropriately acquiring and managing talented staff is crucial to the growth and development of companies and provides them with a considerable competitive advantage in the industry. Further study on the importance of talent management is required to ensure businesses are able to thrive in the present environment. Post-Pandemic Talent Management Models in Knowledge Organizations discusses strategic human resource management and the talent management of post-modern knowledge-based organizations during the COVID-19 pandemic and post-pandemic paradigm. Covering critical topics such as organizational performance and creative work behavior, this major reference work is ideal for managers, business owners, entrepreneurs, academicians, researchers, scholars, instructors, and students.

Anabas testudineus (Bloch, 1792) is locally known as koi, familiar to people for its exceptional taste. Although koi is listed by IUCN as data deficient, its abundance in natural water bodies of Bangladesh is reduced at a severe scale in comparison to a decade before. Considering the present biodiversity status of A. testudineus in nature, the author conducted this work for conservation of the genetic resources of the fish through cryopreservation of spermatozoa. The book will explain different steps in sperm cryopreservation protocol chronologically which can be applied further in relevant fish species.

The information age came with the promise of transparency greater than anything witnessed heretofore by humanity. Of course, transparency is the essence of foresight and knowledge. The hope was for a greater accountability that would follow increased transparency, compelling policy makers to depend on knowledge and foresight rather than disinformation and hidden agendas. Recent events of the new millennium indicate that the increase has been in opacity and disinformation. The information age, often dubbed as the knowledge era', has become the antithesis of knowledge, however; even its most ardent proponents admit that. Despite globalization, the information age has failed to generate knowledge-based decision-making tools.

The most important first premise in science is that mass can be neither created nor destroyed. It is also becoming clear that natural laws dictate that mass be connected to energy. In effect, mass-balance provides the only governing equation that is both necessary and sufficient. Clearly, this compels a paradigm shift in scientific study. If a process is engineered' in violation of natural principles of material production, the balance will be irreversibly disturbed, and the outcome of such a violated process both unpredictable and harmful to future generations. The post-Renaissance mode of technology development is based on an analogous corollary principle of mass production. This is an approach characterised by an excessive focus on quantity to the detriment of establishing or upholding definitive criteria as to quality. In order to make mass-produced materials acceptable to the consumer, non-scientific means have been used to cover up true properties of both materials and energy. As a result, today technologies ranging from photovoltaic electricity to genetically-modified crop production to mass-produced pharmaceutical products are considered to be in harmony with nature. On the other hand, herbal medicine is dismissed as quackery and direct solar energy usage as pseudo-science. Nobel Laureates, such as the prize-winning chemist Robert Curl, have not shied from pronouncing this development mode a technological disaster'.

Migration is an unavoidable continuous process from the very beginning of civilization which has been considered as an important livelihood strategy for both rural and urban population. It also plays an important role (positive or negative) in the development of any country. In developing countries like Bangladesh, migration to cities creates more hazards in development. So, it is important to assess the socio-economic conditions of migrants and their causes. This study focuses this issue and recommends some policy which plays an important role for further advanced research. Clearly, it would be very helpful for policy makers, program designers to design or redesign programs or existing programs considering the identified risk factor of migration to cities in Bangladesh.

Due to the environmental and economical concerns, it is expected that a huge number of wind farms are going to be connected with the existing networks in the near future. However, the wind being intermittent sources of power, cannot meet the load demand all of the time. Wherever intermittent power sources reach high levels of grid penetration, energy storage becomes one option to provide reliable energy supplies. Therefore, this book deals with different approaches to stabilize a grid-connected wind farm.Among the various energy storage devices SMES is one of the options to provide reliable and fast response energy to the grid. These devices can help to make renewable energy more smooth and reliable, though the power output cannot be controlled by the grid operators. They can also balance micro grids to achieve a good match between generation and load demand. Also, it can significantly improve the load availability, a key requirement for any power system. The energy storage, therefore, is a desired feature to incorporate with renewable power systems, particularly in stand alone power plants. Thus this book investigates different methods to use SMES for stabilizing windfarm.

In Bangladesh, well water is high in arsenic and is used both for irrigating elds and drinking. Uptake of arsenic by rice plants could be sti ing crucial micronutrients such as selenium in rice grains. This is bad news for people in Asia, whose diet is primarily rice, because selenium helps cleanse toxic arsenic from the body. Exposure to arsenic, a class 1 carcinogen for which there is no safe dose, affects hundreds of millions of people worldwide. Chronic exposure leads to diseases such as skin and bladder cancer. Although most research has focused on naturally occurring arsenic in well water, new studies hint that food could be a signi cant source of arsenic. The arsenic composition of rice typically ranges from 100 to 500 micrograms per kilogram (ug/kg), and many people in Asia eat at least 200 g/day of rice. Therefore, the levels in rice commonly lead to arsenic exposures at or above the WHO limit.

Industrial estate is an increasing source of pollution. The aim of study was assessment of pollution of Mongla Industrial Estate & its impacts on health and socio-economic Status in BD. These experiments give a result that in water polluting industry BOD (1190 mg/l), COD (4330 mg/l) and TDS ( 8840 mg/l) are very high and pH (2.23) shows very acidic in nature of the effluent of MSFPI. Air pollution is severe in this area, at the ball mill (MCF) SPM was 520 g/m3, & ambient air of area contains 510 g/m3 of SPM. Noise level at ball mill average 100 dB. These values do not meet the DoE std. & affects the workers & people in vicinity of estate. 39%, 23%, 17%, 13% are suffered by skin diseases, diarrhea, typhoid, dysentery respectively. 32%, 30%, 7%, 25%, 5% of people are suffered by breathlessness, wheezing, bronchitis, asthma and allergy respectively. 31%, 23%, 21%, 14% of people are suffered by sleeping problem, headache, heart pain, blood pressure respectively. The treatment cost of the people is 7% of their yearly income. About 59%, 11%, 30% of people are industrial labor, farmers and other type of workers respectively.

Sewage pollution has great impacts on water and sediment quality of an aquatic body which ultimately affects the all lives of the ecosystem. It is one of the major problems in cities. The sewage water is rained off into rivers without treatment. The careless disposal of sewage water leads to a chain of problems, such as spreading of diseases, eutrophication, increase in Biological Oxygen Demand (BOD), etc. The sewage contains water as the main component, while other constituents include organic wastes and chemicals.The present work is based on a case study carried out at the Rajakhali canal connected to main channel of the Karanfully river. The book contains sources, composition and effects of sewage on the Karnafuli river. It also includes the treatment procedure of the sewage.The books will be useful for the department of environment, urban planning, environmental managers, graduate students and researchers on this line

The book contains thorough and complete analytical calculation leading to two transcendental equations satisfied by transverse wavevector dependent confined energy levels of the semiconductor nanostructure called isolated Quantum Well (QW). The book also contains thorough numerical calculation to bring out effects of the non-zero component of wavevector of electron parallel to interfaces of QW on parametric dependence of the confined energy levels. Complete explanations are presented of the results of numerical investigations using a transverse wavevector dependent effective potential. The book also deals with Physics of another semiconductor nanostructure called single rectangular tunnel barrier. Using a previously derived analytical expression, we have done novel numerical investigation of transverse wavevector dependence of transmission coefficient of single rectangular tunnel barrier and we have provided quantitatively exact explanation of the dependence. The book is self-contained; it contains necessary background on Quantum Mechanics, Microelectronics and Nanostructure Physics to enable readers assimilate the book completely.

This is a thesis work mainly focused on the Garos' cultural changes which reveals that Garos' traditional cultural practices have been changing a lot and over the course of time they are getting quite a new cultural setting. Some internal and external factors are mainly responsible for Garos' cultural changes. Finally, while the Garo society is changing then they are discarding many of their distinguished traits and adapting to some other cultural traits. In fact, the process of these changes had started before. However, still today they practice many of their traditional cultural traits. The comparative study findings between the two villages show that despite many similarities, there are some ritualistic differences between the villages, but comparatively remote Garo village's culture and tradition are to some extent in less detriment. In these discussions modernization has come as an important factor which is influencing the entire Bangladeshi society as well as the Garos. Under the process of these changes, some aspects of Garos' future cultural identity have also been addressed here.