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X-ray computed tomography has been used for several decades as a
tool for measuring the three-dimensional geometry of the internal
organs in medicine. However, in recent years, we have seen a move
in manufacturing industries for the use of X-ray computed
tomography; first to give qualitative information about the
internal geometry and defects in a component, and more recently, as
a fully-quantitative technique for dimensional and materials
analysis. This trend is primarily due to the ability of X-ray
computed tomography to give a high-density and multi-scale
representation of both the external and internal geometry of a
component, in a non-destructive, non-contact and relatively fast
way. But, due to the complexity of X-ray computed tomography, there
are remaining metrological issues to solve and the specification
standards are still under development. This book will act as a
one-stop-shop resource for students and users of X-ray computed
tomography in both academia and industry. It presents the
fundamental principles of the technique, detailed descriptions of
the various components (hardware and software), current
developments in calibration and performance verification and a
wealth of example applications. The book will also highlight where
there is still work to do, in the perspective that X-ray computed
tomography will be an essential part of Industry 4.0.
The measurement and characterisation of surface topography is
crucial to modern manufacturing industry. The control of areal
surface structure allows a manufacturer to radically alter the
functionality of a part. Examples include structuring to effect
fluidics, optics, tribology, aerodynamics and biology. To control
such manu-facturing methods requires measurement strategies. There
is now a large range of new optical techniques on the market, or
being developed in academia, that can measure areal surface
topography. Each method has its strong points and limitations. The
book starts with introductory chapters on optical instruments,
their common language, generic features and limitations, and their
calibration. Each type of modern optical instrument is described
(in a common format) by an expert in the field. The book is
intended for both industrial and academic scientists and engineers,
and will be useful for undergraduate and postgraduate studies.
Advances in engineering precision have tracked with technological
progress for hundreds of years. Over the last few decades,
precision engineering has been the specific focus of research on an
international scale. The outcome of this effort has been the
establishment of a broad range of engineering principles and
techniques that form the foundation of precision design. Today's
precision manufacturing machines and measuring instruments
represent highly specialised processes that combine deterministic
engineering with metrology. Spanning a broad range of technology
applications, precision engineering principles frequently bring
together scientific ideas drawn from mechanics, materials, optics,
electronics, control, thermo-mechanics, dynamics, and software
engineering. This book provides a collection of these principles in
a single source. Each topic is presented at a level suitable for
both undergraduate students and precision engineers in the field.
Also included is a wealth of references and example problems to
consolidate ideas, and help guide the interested reader to more
advanced literature on specific implementations.
Additive manufacturing (AM) is a fast-growing sector with the
ability to evoke a revolution in manufacturing due to its almost
unlimited design freedom and its capability to produce personalised
parts locally and with efficient material use. AM companies,
however, still face technological challenges such as limited
precision due to shrinkage, built-in stresses and limited process
stability and robustness. Moreover, often post-processing is needed
due to high roughness and remaining porosity. Qualified, trained
personnel are also in short supply. In recent years, there have
been dramatic improvements in AM design methods, process control,
post-processing, material properties and material range. However,
if AM is going to gain a significant market share, it must be
developed into a true precision manufacturing method. The
production of precision parts relies on three principles:
Production is robust (i.e. all sensitive parameters can be
controlled). Production is predictable (for example, the shrinkage
that occurs is acceptable because it can be predicted and
compensated in the design). Parts are measurable (as without
metrology, accuracy, repeatability and quality assurance cannot be
known). AM of metals is inherently a high-energy process with many
sensitive and inter-related process parameters, making it
susceptible to thermal distortions, defects and process drift. The
complete modelling of these processes is beyond current
computational power, and novel methods are needed to practicably
predict performance and inform design. In addition, metal AM
produces highly textured surfaces and complex surface features that
stretch the limits of contemporary metrology. With so many factors
to consider, there is a significant shortage of background material
on how to inject precision into AM processes. Shortage in such
material is an important barrier for a wider uptake of advanced
manufacturing technologies, and a comprehensive book is thus
needed. This book aims to inform the reader how to improve the
precision of metal AM processes by tackling the three principles of
robustness, predictability and metrology, and by developing
computer-aided engineering methods that empower rather than limit
AM design. Richard Leach is a professor in metrology at the
University of Nottingham and heads up the Manufacturing Metrology
Team. Prior to this position, he was at the National Physical
Laboratory from 1990 to 2014. His primary love is instrument
building, from concept to final installation, and his current
interests are the dimensional measurement of precision and additive
manufactured structures. His research themes include the
measurement of surface topography, the development of methods for
measuring 3D structures, the development of methods for controlling
large surfaces to high resolution in industrial applications and
the traceability of X-ray computed tomography. He is a leader of
several professional societies and a visiting professor at
Loughborough University and the Harbin Institute of Technology.
Simone Carmignato is a professor in manufacturing engineering at
the University of Padua. His main research activities are in the
areas of precision manufacturing, dimensional metrology and
industrial computed tomography. He is the author of books and
hundreds of scientific papers, and he is an active member of
leading technical and scientific societies. He has been chairman,
organiser and keynote speaker for several international
conferences, and received national and international awards,
including the Taylor Medal from CIRP, the International Academy for
Production Engineering.
The function of a component part can be profoundly affected by its
surface topography. There are many examples in nature of surfaces
that have a well-controlled topography to affect their function.
Examples include the hydrophobic effect of the lotus leaf, the
reduction of fluid drag due to the riblet structure of shark skin,
the directional adhesion of the gecko foot and the angular
sensitivity of the multi-faceted fly eye. Surface structuring is
also being used extensively in modern manufacturing. In this way
many properties can be altered, for example optical, tribological,
biological and fluidic. Previously, single line (profile)
measurements were adequate to control manufacture of surfaces, but
as the need to control the functionality of surfaces increases,
there is a growing need for three-dimensional (areal) measurement
and characterisation techniques. For this reason there has been
considerable research, development and standardisation of areal
techniques. This book will present the areal framework that is
being adopted by the international community. Whereas previous
books have concentrated on the measurement aspects, this
book concentrates on the characterisation techniques, i.e.
how to interpret the measurement data to give the appropriate
(functional) information for a given task. The first part of the
book presents the characterisation methods and the second part case
studies that highlight the use of areal methods in a broad range of
subject areas - from automobile manufacture to archaeology.
Contents Introduction to Surface Topography The Areal Field
Parameters The Areal Feature Parameters Areal Filtering Methods
Areal Form Removal Areal Fractal Methods Choosing the Appropriate
Parameter Characterisation of Individual Areal Features Multi-Scale
Signature of Surface Topography Correlation of Areal Surface
Texture Parameters to Solar Cell Efficiency Characterisation of
Cylinder Liner Honing Textures for Production Control
Characterisation of the Mechanical Bond Strength for Copper on
Glass Plating Applications Inspection of Laser Structured Cams and
Conrods Road Surfaces
The measurement and characterisation of surface topography is
crucial to modern manufacturing industry. The control of areal
surface structure allows a manufacturer to radically alter the
functionality of a part. Examples include structuring to effect
fluidics, optics, tribology, aerodynamics and biology. To control
such manu facturing methods requires measurement strategies. There
is now a large range of new optical techniques on the market, or
being developed in academia, that can measure areal surface
topography. Each method has its strong points and limitations. The
book starts with introductory chapters on optical instruments,
their common language, generic features and limitations, and their
calibration. Each type of modern optical instrument is described
(in a common format) by an expert in the field. The book is
intended for both industrial and academic scientists and engineers,
and will be useful for undergraduate and postgraduate studies.
Advances in engineering precision have tracked with technological
progress for hundreds of years. Over the last few decades,
precision engineering has been the specific focus of research on an
international scale. The outcome of this effort has been the
establishment of a broad range of engineering principles and
techniques that form the foundation of precision design. Today's
precision manufacturing machines and measuring instruments
represent highly specialised processes that combine deterministic
engineering with metrology. Spanning a broad range of technology
applications, precision engineering principles frequently bring
together scientific ideas drawn from mechanics, materials, optics,
electronics, control, thermo-mechanics, dynamics, and software
engineering. This book provides a collection of these principles in
a single source. Each topic is presented at a level suitable for
both undergraduate students and precision engineers in the field.
Also included is a wealth of references and example problems to
consolidate ideas, and help guide the interested reader to more
advanced literature on specific implementations.
Working at the nano-scale demands an understanding of the
high-precision measurement techniques that make nanotechnology and
advanced manufacturing possible. This new edition of "Fundamental
Principles of Engineering Nanometrology" provides a road map and
toolkit for metrologists engaging with the rigor of measurement and
data analysis at the nano-scale, from the fundamentals of precision
measurement, to different measurement and characterization
techniques. This book is an essential guide for the emerging
nanomanufacturing and nanofabrication sectors, where measurement
and standardization requirements are paramount both in product
specification and quality assurance.
Updated to cover new and emerging technologies, and recent
developments in standards and regulatory frameworks, this second
edition includes many new sections covering, for example, new
technologies in scanning probe and e-beam microscopy (including
DLS, NTA), recent developments in interferometry, and advances in
co-ordinate metrology.
Demystifies nanometrology for a wide audience of engineers,
scientists, and students involved in nanotech and advanced
manufacturing applications and researchIntroduces metrologists to
the specific techniques and equipment involved in measuring at the
nano-scale or to nano-scale uncertaintyFully updated to cover the
latest technological developments, standards, and regulations
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Seventy
Richard Leach
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R285
Discovery Miles 2 850
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Out of stock
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Number Seven is selected poems from six poetry collections
published between 2010 and 2017 by American poet and visual artist
Richard Leach. The poems range from daily life to surreal humor and
biblical allusion, in formal and free verse. Leach is also a
Christian sacred poet whose words for hymns and anthems have been
set to music by many composers, and are widely published and sung.
He lives in Stamford, Connecticut.
Poet and visual artist Richard Leach calls this book an album, for
the range of forms and themes it includes. Free verse, metered and
rhymed verse, and blues lyrics are here; daily life, American
politics, and surrealism ("Seven Jungles of Bells", for example)
are here. 47 of the poems were written in 2017. Two more written
earlier bookend the collection.
The Song Itself collects poems that range from blues lyrics to
surreal lists, from slices of life to flights of fancy, in rhyming
as well as free verse. Most were written between January and July
2018. Richard Leach is an American poet and visual artist, whose
visual art and secular poetry are shared online and in
self-published books. He also writes Christian sacred poetry. His
words for hymns and anthems have been set to music by many
composers, and are widely published and sung. He lives in Stamford,
Connecticut.
Richard Leach is a poet and visual artist from Stamford,
Connecticut. This book presents 30 collages made on playing cards
or playing card size cardboard (2.5 x 3.5 inches) between November,
2016 and July, 2017. They are reproduced here larger than life
size. The media include ink, pencil, and glued paper.
This is a revision of a poem collection published in 2010 as The
Big Conversation. Richard Leach is a poet and visual artist from
Stamford, Connecticut. Since 1987 he has written sacred lyric
poetry which has been widely published and sung as Christian hymns
and anthems. In 2009 he shifted the direction of his work to
secular poetry shared online, and in 2010 collected the first 16
months of that work in The Big Conversation. This re-titled edition
has a new introduction, and twenty poems used in a later book with
the photos that inspired them have been removed.
""I remember, I remember, how the garden used to be./We had
everything we wanted, except for that one tree."" Those lines are
from ""Adam's Blues,"" title piece and first entry in this
collection. The book continues with poems on Adam and Eve in Eden
and in the 21st century; a summer blockbuster superhero psalm
(""Sheol my arch-nemesis/sent his minions after me/They trapped me
in a death net/and hit me with a hydro-blast""); poems which travel
from the Apostles' Creed to unexpected destinations (""They say I'm
lucky/to be here in the Creed,"" says Pontius Pilate); and more.
Humorous, thoughtful and poignant poems in rhyme or free verse.
Richard Leach is a poet and visual artist in Stamford, Connecticut.
His sacred poetry, words for hymns and anthems, has been set to
music by many composers and is widely published and sung. Since
2009 he has written secular verse on many topics and in many forms.
A Handful of Sparks collects 76 of the blues lyrics and similar
verses Richard Leach has been writing since the early 2000s,
selecting them from previous books which included other poetry
forms. The title is from "Just Saying Blues," which has these
lines: "I've got a handful of sparks, and a houseful of gasoline./I
don't think you should ask me, 'What does burning mean?'"
Richard Leach is a poet and visual artist who lives in Stamford,
Connecticut. This book presents 30 mixed media pieces made between
between February 2015 and January 2017, reproduced at or near life
size. Leach's work may be viewed online at
richardleach.deviantart.com.
"Listen to the liars who want to be president" is the first line of
the first poem in this collection, from November 2015. "Worlds end
and keep on ending/right outside your door" begins the last stanza
of the book's last poem, written in March 2017. In between are
additional cutting political poems, blues lyrics, slices of life,
slanted takes on Bible passages, and a poem including 26
superheroes. Richard Leach is a poet and visual artist whose work
appears online at richardleach.deviantart.com. This is his sixth
self-published collection of poetry. Leach also writes Christian
sacred poetry which has been widely published, set to music and
sung as hymns and anthems. He lives in Stamford, Connecticut.
This is a collection of 37 poems inspired by the first part of the
Chinese classic, "Tao Te Ching," attributed to Lao Tzu. They are
very free, sometimes restating Lao Tzu's words and other times
departing from them.
Richard Leach is a poet who began writing hymn and anthem texts in
1987, while serving as a pastor in New England. Since then his work
has been widely published, in denominational hymnals, independent
hymn collections and dozens of anthem settings. A Single Tongue
comprises sacred poems, in both free and traditional forms, not in
print elsewhere.
Richard Leach is a mixed media artist and poet living in Stamford,
Connecticut. This book presents 36 small collages made in 2016, in
a larger than life format.
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