Advances in cancer genomics are transforming our understanding of cancer, and have profound implications for its prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Evolutionary dynamics suggests that as few as two mutations can cause transformation of normal cells into cancer stem cells. A process of Darwinian selection, involving a further three or more mutations, taking place over a period of years, can then result in progression to a life-threatening tumour. In many cases the immune response can recognise and eliminate the mutant cells, but most advanced tumours have mutations that activate immune checkpoints and enable the tumour to hide from the immune system. For the most hard-to-treat tumours, future progress will require molecular diagnostics to detect cancer-causing mutations in healthy subjects, and new drugs or vaccines that prevent the progression process. Chapters of this book deal with the signalling pathways that control cell division, and changes in these pathways in cancer cells. Three cell cycle checkpoints that are often mutated in cancer are analysed in detail. A discussion of chronic myeloid leukaemia illustrates the role of reactive oxygen species in driving progression from a chronic to an acute condition. A single drug that suppresses reactive oxygen can prevent disease progression and turn an otherwise deadly disease into a condition that can be managed to enable many years of normal life. Another chapter discusses chronic myelomonocytic leukaemia, a disease that involves both genetic and epigenetic change. Tumour progression is discussed as a multi-stage process in which cancer stem cells evolve into genetically unstable, invasive, metastatic, drug-resistant growths. Each of these stages can act as targets for drugs or immunomodulators, but the future of cancer treatment lies in understanding tumour dynamics, and arresting malignancy at the earliest possible stage. Evolutionary dynamics is a primarily mathematical technique, but the target readership will be tumour biologists, clinicians, and drug developers. Computational detail is provided in an online supplement, but the main text emphasises the implications of the dynamics for an understanding of tumour biology and does not require mathematical expertise.

It is estimated that 80 to 90% of drugs under development never make it to the marketplace due to insufficient clinical activity, unacceptable toxicity, rapid appearance of drug resistance, or other factors that should be, at least partially, predictable from preclinical testing. This new text asks the question, "How can we use computational methods to improve the success rate in drug development?" Computer Techniques in Preclinical and Clinical Drug Development shows how modeling makes it possible to extract the maximum amount of information and predictive value from preclinical data. Computer modeling methods from the areas of pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, cytokinetics, and inhibition kinetics of multi-enzyme pathways are all discussed in this unique reference source.

It is estimated that 80 to 90% of drugs under development never make it to the marketplace due to insufficient clinical activity, unacceptable toxicity, rapid appearance of drug resistance, or other factors that should be, at least partially, predictable from preclinical testing. This new text asks the question, "How can we use computational methods to improve the success rate in drug development?" Computer Techniques in Preclinical and Clinical Drug Development shows how modeling makes it possible to extract the maximum amount of information and predictive value from preclinical data. Computer modeling methods from the areas of pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, cytokinetics, and inhibition kinetics of multi-enzyme pathways are all discussed in this unique reference source.

Visually stunning, informative, and broad in scope, this comprehensive overview gathers the works of renowned still-life painter Scott Fraser. Beautiful full color images of his body of work are accompanied by companion drawings and detailed close-ups, demonstrating the artist's approach to painting. A summary of his work, an interview of Fraser by artist Robert C. Jackson, and an extensive chronology of works allow the reader to explore the path of growth and development that took him from a landscape painter in the 1980s to the nationally renowned still-life painter that Fraser is today. His intense scrutiny of objects is revealed in full-page details of several important works. The over 200 drawings and paintings included here also reveal how Fraser's passion for art history is a strongly recurring theme, often demonstrating itself in surprising ways. This book offers valuable insights for collectors, museums, students, academics, artists, and everyone interested in contemporary still life painting.

Most art books are not in the first person, so while there is some truth to the analyses, some things are always off. Robert C. Jackson set out to interview 20 contemporary representational artists (himself included) and showcase their artwork within the context of their interviews. Here you will meet Steven Assael, Bo Bartlett, Debra Bermingham, Margaret Bowland, Paul Fenniak, Scott Fraser, Woody Gwyn, F. Scott Hess, Laurie Hogin, Robert C. Jackson, Alan Magee, Janet Monafo, John Moore, Charles Pfahl, Scott Prior, Stone Roberts, Sandra Mendelsohn Rubin, Daniel Sprick, Will Wilson, and Jerome Witkin. Each of these artists has a very elusive quality a unique voice. Seeing their work from across a room they are all recognizable. Their artworks are showcased in this large book with more than 140 images of their paintings as well as photographs of the artists in their studios and an epilogue by Pamela Sienna."