This timely book documents and analyses the seriousness of growing national inequality in different regions around the world. It argues that the treatment of inequality in the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) is wholly insufficient due to their failure to recognise the growing difference between the income of work and the income of capital and the super rich, and the strain this places on a country's social fabric. Sustainable Development Goals and Income Inequality provides a critical view on how inequality is dealt with in the process of setting global goals. It reviews the development of inequality globally and the various processes leading up to formulation of the SDGs. With chapters from top researchers on inequality and development economics it provides a strong and unique intellectual basis for a more prominent treatment of inequality in the follow up process to the SDGs. Combining a global perspective and in-depth regional analysis, this book will be of interest to students and academics in sustainable development, social policy and development economics. Contributors include: T. Addison, A. Cornia, P. Edward, R. Jolly, M. Luebker, D. Nayyar, A. Sumner, P.A.G. van Bergeijk, R. van der Hoeven, J. Vandemoortele, R. Vos

The nature of globalization and the fallout from the international financial crisis have brought profound changes to societies and economies around the world. This book documents that, over the last two decades, the growth of nonstandard and informal employment has led to greater inequalities. This is partly explained by the fact that adjustment policies in the 1980s, market liberalization policies in the 1990s and, more recently, globalization and anti-poverty policies did not pay sufficient attention to policies for employment and income redistribution. As a response to these trends, this book recommends the development of clearer policies for employment and income redistribution. These policies should now become an integral part of national and international economic policy making. This is even more relevant in the current context of the international financial crisis as: Several elements of globalization, especially the unfettered markets, and the growing inequality have given cause to the current crisis and, There is growing evidence that the employment, human and social effects of the financial crisis will be felt well after an economic recovery has taken place, especially if no corrective action is taken. This volume will be of benefit to policymakers, scholars and practitioners alike. This book was published as a special issue of the Journal of Human Development and Capabilities.

This timely book documents and analyses the seriousness of growing national inequality in different regions around the world. It argues that the treatment of inequality in the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) is wholly insufficient due to their failure to recognise the growing difference between the income of work and the income of capital and the super rich, and the strain this places on a country's social fabric. Sustainable Development Goals and Income Inequality provides a critical view on how inequality is dealt with in the process of setting global goals. It reviews the development of inequality globally and the various processes leading up to formulation of the SDGs. With chapters from top researchers on inequality and development economics it provides a strong and unique intellectual basis for a more prominent treatment of inequality in the follow up process to the SDGs. Combining a global perspective and in-depth regional analysis, this book will be of interest to students and academics in sustainable development, social policy and development economics. Contributors include: T. Addison, A. Cornia, P. Edward, R. Jolly, M. Luebker, D. Nayyar, A. Sumner, P.A.G. van Bergeijk, R. van der Hoeven, J. Vandemoortele, R. Vos

Arguing that several orthodox adjustment policies are still incongruent with long-term development in Africa, this book goes on to discuss a development strategy which could lead to a much awaited economic recovery and improvement in social conditions in Africa in the 1990s drawing its conclusions from a general theoretical discussion of the matter and the results of five specific national case studies carried out in Burkina Faso, Niger, Tanzania, Zambia and Zimbabwe.;Giovanni Andrea Cornia is the co-author or co-editor of "The Impact of World Recession on Children", "Adjustment With a Human Face" and "Children and the Transition to the Market Economy". Rolph Van der Hoeven is the author of "Planning for Basic Needs: A Soft Option or a Solid Policy?", co-author of "Basic Needs in Development Planning" and co-editor of "World Recession and Global Interdependence".

This text identifies missing institutions as a major reason for the patchy implementation of structural reform policies in Africa. The essays concentrate on Kenya, Uganda, Zambia, Zimbabwe and Malawi, where less than ten per cent of the labour force work in the formal sector, as compared with some 20 to 40 per cent in the 1960s. The labour force is growing ata faster rate than the creation of new jobs, leading to increased informalization of the economy, but there is a lack of institutions to implement any economic policy reform or to provide the necessary supply response to such policies. Public sector workers have been reduced but there have not been enough jobs to compensate in the rest of the formal sector; meanwhile, the education and training institutions have difficulty in providing the skills needed for the restructured markets. The consensus of opinion in these articles is that the lack of institutions, of democratic policy making, and of consultation among major social groups has seriously undermined the implementation of reform policies. North America: ILO/Brookings Institution

The nature of globalization and the fallout from the international financial crisis have brought profound changes to societies and economies around the world. This book documents that, over the last two decades, the growth of nonstandard and informal employment has led to greater inequalities. This is partly explained by the fact that adjustment policies in the 1980s, market liberalization policies in the 1990s and, more recently, globalization and anti-poverty policies did not pay sufficient attention to policies for employment and income redistribution. As a response to these trends, this book recommends the development of clearer policies for employment and income redistribution. These policies should now become an integral part of national and international economic policy making. This is even more relevant in the current context of the international financial crisis as:

• Several elements of globalization, especially the unfettered markets, and the growing inequality have given cause to the current crisis and,
• There is growing evidence that the employment, human and social effects of the financial crisis will be felt well after an economic recovery has taken place, especially if no corrective action is taken.

This volume will be of benefit to policymakers, scholars and practitioners alike.

This book was published as a special issue of the Journal of Human Development and Capabilities.

The Financial Crisis and Developing Countries is an invaluable discussion and analysis of the regional and country specific impacts of the financial crisis in both emerging markets and developing countries. Using heterodox and mainstream methodologies, the book develops a multidisciplinary perspective on the crisis, showing empirical impacts on the poor and vulnerable. It examines how the crisis continues to change our concepts of development, critically discusses mainstream approaches, and analyses (global) governance responses including of the G20. The contributors critically assess the measures taken to deal with the crisis, and reveal that many elements that have led to crisis (inequality, inappropriate international financial architecture, structural imbalances) have not been dealt sufficiently, and as a result new crises will continue to emerge. Exploring a global and inter-disciplinary view, this timely book provides accessible information on the impact of the crisis that will prove relevant for students of development studies and international economics. Researchers and policymakers including in foreign and economic affairs, development cooperation, and international institutions interested in understanding the impact of the global economy will also find much to learn from this important book. Contributors: F. Cheru, H. Clemens, A. de Haan, A.M. Fischer, J. Ghosh, S. Gong, D. Green, K. Jansen, A. Kapoor, R. King, R. Marconi, M. Messkoub, S.M. Murshed, F.B. Schiphorst, K.A. Siegmann, M. Spoor, P.A.G. van Bergeijk, R. van der Hoeven, I. van Staveren, R. Vos, B. White

While the design of adjustment policies in the latter part of the 1980s has generally shown greater attention to their impact on growth and social implications, this book argues that several orthodox adjustment policies are still incongruent with long-term development in Africa. It goes on to discuss a development strategy which could lead to a much awaited economic recovery and improvement in social conditions in Africa in the 1990s drawing its conclusions from a general theoretical discussion and national case-studies.

The relationship between growth, inequality, and poverty lies at the heart of development economics. This volume draws together many of the most important recent contributions to the controversies surrounding this topic. Some of the chapters help explain why there is profound disagreement on crucial issues of growth, poverty and inequality within academic circles, and among organizations and various groups active in the development field. Another central theme is the cross-country evidence on the relationship between growth and poverty, and the extent to which it is valid to draw policy conclusions from this empirical evidence. The volume also shows how new microeconomic techniques such as poverty maps and microsimulation models can be used to improve poverty analysis and the design of pro-poor policies. The overall conclusion points to the need for diverse strategies towards growth and poverty, rather than simple blanket policy rules. Initial conditions, specific country structures, and time horizons all play a significant role. Initial conditions affect the speed with which growth reduces poverty and can also determine whether policies such as trade liberalization have a pro-poor or an anti-poor outcome. Improved education is valuable in itself, and also contributes to poverty reduction; but its effect on inequality depends on supply and demand factors, which differ significantly across countries. Likewise, the quantitative impact on poverty of redistribution from the rich to the poor vis-a-vis an increase in total national income can vary greatly across countries. Hence the need for creative approaches to poverty which take full account of the specific circumstances of individual nations and which assign a central role to inequality analysis in the discussion of poverty-alleviation policies.

The Financial Crisis and Developing Countries is an invaluable discussion and analysis of the regional and country specific impacts of the financial crisis in both emerging markets and developing countries. Using heterodox and mainstream methodologies, the book develops a multidisciplinary perspective on the crisis, showing empirical impacts on the poor and vulnerable. It examines how the crisis continues to change our concepts of development, critically discusses mainstream approaches, and analyses (global) governance responses including of the G20. The contributors critically assess the measures taken to deal with the crisis, and reveal that many elements that have led to crisis (inequality, inappropriate international financial architecture, structural imbalances) have not been dealt sufficiently, and as a result new crises will continue to emerge. Exploring a global and inter-disciplinary view, this timely book provides accessible information on the impact of the crisis that will prove relevant for students of development studies and international economics. Researchers and policymakers including in foreign and economic affairs, development cooperation, and international institutions interested in understanding the impact of the global economy will also find much to learn from this important book. Contributors: F. Cheru, H. Clemens, A. de Haan, A.M. Fischer, J. Ghosh, S. Gong, D. Green, K. Jansen, A. Kapoor, R. King, R. Marconi, M. Messkoub, S.M. Murshed, F.B. Schiphorst, K.A. Siegmann, M. Spoor, P.A.G. van Bergeijk, R. van der Hoeven, I. van Staveren, R. Vos, B. White

The relationship between growth, inequality, and poverty lies at the heart of development economics. This volume draws together many of the most important recent contributions to the controversies surrounding this topic. Some of the chapters help explain why there is profound disagreement on crucial issues of growth, poverty and inequality within academic circles, and among organizations and various groups active in the development field. Another central theme is the cross-country evidence on the relationship between growth and poverty, and the extent to which it is valid to draw policy conclusions from this empirical evidence. The volume also shows how new microeconomic techniques such as poverty maps and microsimulation models can be used to improve poverty analysis and the design of pro-poor policies. The overall conclusion points to the need for diverse strategies towards growth and poverty, rather than simple blanket policy rules. Initial conditions, specific country structures, and time horizons all play a significant role. Initial conditions affect the speed with which growth reduces poverty and can also determine whether policies such as trade liberalization have a pro-poor or an anti-poor outcome. Improved education is valuable in itself, and also contributes to poverty reduction; but its effect on inequality depends on supply and demand factors, which differ significantly across countries. Likewise, the quantitative impact on poverty of redistribution from the rich to the poor vis-a-vis an increase in total national income can vary greatly across countries. Hence the need for creative approaches to poverty which take full account of the specific circumstances of individual nations and which assign a central role to inequality analysis in the discussion of poverty-alleviation policies.