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This volume explores and engages the key thinkers and ideas of the
Austrian School of political economy to better understand various
aspects of the market process, or the way that individuals
coordinate their separate interests in a peaceful and productive
manner by unintentionally forming not only market prices but also
rules, customs, cultural norms and other institutional arrangements
that allow specialization and trade. Together, these dynamics
generate a market order by ameliorating the potential for social
conflict, and in turn, facilitating the conditions for social
cooperation and specialization under the division of labor.
Scholars in this tradition focus on how individuals, however
imperfect they may be in their decision-making, are nevertheless
guided by private property, prices, and profit and loss signals,
which emerge out of human action, but not necessarily human design.
The diversity in topics and approaches will make the volume of
interest to readers in a variety of fields, including anthropology,
economics, entrepreneurship, history, philosophy, political
science, and public policy.
Institutions and Incentives in Public Policy: An Analytical
Assessment of Non-Market Decision-Making explores, both in theory
and in practice, the consequences of using public policy as a tool
to achieve specific individual and social goals, as well as its
impact on private solutions to address such goals. The chapters
examine the institutional incentives that operate in non-market
settings, both governmental and non-governmental, using the
theoretical frameworks of market process theory and public choice
theory, they analyze a diverse set of contemporary public policy
issues at both the domestic and international levels. Authored by
individuals from a variety of disciplines with diverse interests in
public policy, this work includes discussions of topics, such as
foreign aid, education policy, environmental policy, health care
policy, and the construction of private cities. This volume is
relevant to scholars, students, policymakers, and knowledgeable
citizens interested in the study of economics, political science,
public policy, as well as those interested in particular policies
rather than specific disciplines.
The work of Elinor and Vincent Ostrom represents a distinctive
contribution to the study of political economy, public policy and
administration, collective action, and governance theory. Efforts
to present a comprehensive overview of the Bloomington School that
grew around the Workshop in Political Theory and Policy Analysis
(now renamed the Ostrom Workshop), which they founded more than 40
years ago, received new impetus with the award of the Nobel
Memorial Prize in Economic Science to Elinor Ostrom in 2009. Since
then, renewed attempts have been made to map the Ostroms'
contributions to theories of polycentric governance and collective
action, and to multi-methods and comparative institutional analysis
of ways of managing social and ecological systems, common pool
resources, public economies, and metropolitan reform. The
open-ended and multiform nature of the Ostroms' research program
defies a single comprehensive overview; yet, it is a stimulus
towards both creativity and disciplinary cross-fertilization in
social science research. What sets this volume apart is that it
brings together theory and practice, models and work on the ground,
design and creativity, empirics and norms, to outline the
significance of the Ostroms' research program for the future. Each
contribution to the volume takes the Ostromian perspective as the
point of departure, amplifies it and explores the ground for future
work by engaging with other approaches and areas of research with
which the Bloomington School has some affinities. This way of
testing and extending the ideas and methods of the Ostroms is
particularly appropriate since their research program, initiated
and nurtured through the Workshop, has always been in-between
different fields and sub-fields in the social sciences (political
science, economics, public administration, law, history,
anthropology), cultivating a strong interdisciplinary way of doing
research and exploiting the virtuous circle between theory,
analysis, model building, and empirical research. Engaging in a
creative dialogue with ideas and methods of other research programs
is a way of sharpening one's analytic tools, while renovating one's
own vision of social research. This volume is a way of thinking
through and beyond the Bloomington School.
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