The Unrealized Promise of the Next Great Copyright Act provides a unique perspective on one of the most active periods of copyright policy discourse in the United States since the enactment of the Copyright Act of 1976. Using the then-Register of Copyrights Maria Pallante's landmark speech of 2013 The Next Great Copyright Act as a catalyst, Christopher S. Reed documents and assesses the major issues confronting the U.S. copyright system today. The book offers an inside view of the Copyright Office's attempts at reform as part of a comprehensive account of the complex dynamics between key stakeholder communities, government and legislation. Chapters also explore relevant areas of copyright such as orphan works and mass digitization, online copyright enforcement, visual arts and music licensing, and demonstrate that despite previous difficulties the time is now ripe for an update to U.S. copyright law. This insightful book will be of great value to scholars and legal practitioners with a focus on copyright law and policy, and will also prove a useful resource for instructors teaching copyright policy at an advanced level. Others with an interest in intellectual property, technology and connected culture, or politics and government will also find this book an engaging read.

This book provides extraordinary insight into the subtleties and diversities of contemporary clinical practice by exploring the problematic and ambiguous concept of the transference neurosis.

In this, the first volume in a new Japanese General Election Series, an impressive roll call of contributors explores the 2012 Lower House poll, an election that was characterized by the return to power of the longtime dominant Liberal Democratic Party (LDP), the growth in popularity of smaller 'outsider' parties as well as the concomitant demise of Japan's first 'opposition' (Democratic Party of Japan) government. The volume boasts high-quality, original analysis by top scholars from Japan, the United States, Canada, Australia, and Europe. With chapters focusing on a variety of facets of the election, including the major political parties, important policy issues, and campaign practices, the volume provides a comprehensive analysis. It is vital reading for anyone interested in Japanese politics, as well as elections in general.

The subject of error-control coding bridges several disciplines, in particular mathematics, electrical engineering and computer science. The theory of error-control codes is often described abstractly in mathematical terms only, for the benefit of other coding specialists. Such a theoretical approach to coding makes it difficult for engineers to understand the underlying concepts of error correction, the design of digital error-control systems, and the quantitative behavior of such systems. In this book only a minimal amount of mathematics is introduced in order to describe the many, sometimes mathematical, aspects of error-control coding. The concepts of error correction and detection are in many cases sufficiently straightforward to avoid highly theoretical algebraic constructions. The reader will find that the primary emphasis of the book is on practical matters, not on theoretical problems. In fact, much of the material covered is summarized by examples of real developments, and almost all of the error-correction and detection codes introduced are attached to related practical applications. Error-Control Coding for Data Networks takes a structured approach to channel-coding, starting with the basic coding concepts and working gradually towards the most sophisticated coding systems. The most popular applications are described throughout the book. These applications include the channel-coding techniques used in mobile communication systems, such as: the global system for mobile communications (GSM) and the code-division multiple-access (CDMA) system, coding schemes for High-Definition TeleVision (HDTV) system, the Compact Disk (CD), and Digital Video Disk (DVD), as well as theerror-control protocols for the data-link layers of networks, and much more. The book is compiled carefully to bring engineers, coding specialists, and students up to date in the important modern coding technologies. Both electrical engineering students and communication engineers will benefit from the information in this largely self-contained text on error-control system engineering.

Blends scholarly expertise with media law practice, enabling students to develop practical skills Includes pedagogical features such as interviews with media practitioners, policy pointers, and an integrated fictional case study of a television media business. Provides expert coverage suitable for media law practitioners as part of professional development

Blends scholarly expertise with media law practice, enabling students to develop practical skills Includes pedagogical features such as interviews with media practitioners, policy pointers, and an integrated fictional case study of a television media business. Provides expert coverage suitable for media law practitioners as part of professional development

In the last several decades, the analytic field has widened considerably in scope. The therapeutic task is now seen by an increasing number of analysts to require that patient and analyst work together to strengthen, or to create, psychic structure that was previously weak, missing, or functionally inoperative. This view, which may apply to all patients, but is especially relevant to the treatment of non-neurotic patients and states of mind, stands in stark contrast to the more traditional assumption that the therapeutic task involves the uncovering of the unconscious dimension of a present pathological compromise formation that holds a potentially healthy ego in thrall. The contrast which this book calls attention to is that which exists roughly between formulations of psychic structure and functioning that were once assumed to have been sufficiently well explained by the hypotheses of Freud's topographic theory and those that were not. The former are modeled on neurosis and dream interpretation, where conflicts between relatively well-defined (saturated) and psychically represented desires were assumed to operate under the aegis of the pleasure-unpleasure principle.

It is widely recognized that a person's values will profoundly affect what that person attends to, thinks about, and remembers. Yet, despite this, psychologists have only begun to study and think about the deep connections between values and knowledge. This volume explores this important area in psychology by offering an overview of what is known about the developmental role of valuation in the acquisition of knowledge, and also by examining a range of new ideas for understanding the intricate connection between evaluation and thinking. More specifically, the text: provides a historical overview of philosophical and psychological theories relating the values and knowledge; reviews the importance of values for infants and their caretakers in the origins of both cognition and social relations; offers a provocative view of how the differences among families in their values may have profound affects on psychological development; explicates the development of a personal sphere within which one strives to shape one's own values; emphasizes the heterogeneity of valuation inherent in every culture and how conflicts of values are likely to be common and important to human development; presents eye-opening research on social-cognitive limitations of average people in respecting the points of view of others; and summarizes and critiques Piaget's theory of the role of values in development. For practitioners in the fields of developmental and social psychology, and education, this volume will introduce a number of important and current issues, from multiculturality and gender to the differential roles of temperament and upbringing in development. The emphasis is placed squarely on developing individuals and how they shape themselves in a world that is structured by values as well as by facts.

Although much is known about the processes and effects of land degradation and climate change, little is understood about the links between them. Less still is known about how these processes are likely to interact in different social-ecological systems around the world, or how societies might be able to adapt to this twin challenge. This book identifies key vulnerabilities to the combined effects of climate change and land degradation around the world. It identifies triple-win adaptations that can tackle both climate change and land degradation, whilst supporting biodiversity and ecosystem services. The book discusses methods for monitoring effects of climate change and land degradation, and adaptations to these processes. It argues for better co-operation and knowledge exchange, so that the research, land user and policy communities can work together more effectively to tackle these challenges, harnessing the "wisdom of crowds" to assess vulnerability and adapt to climate change and land degradation, whilst protecting livelihoods and biodiversity.

Over the past 50 years, the federal government's efforts to reform American public education have transformed U.S. schools from locally-run enterprises to complex systems in which federal, state and local actors jointly construct the educational environment of U.S. children. Through struggles over school integration, the growth of special education, the teaching of English learners and the rise of accountability politics, the federal role in U.S. education has meant a profound reconstruction of local expectations, roles and political alignments. Seeking to construct the federal schoolhouse - an educational system in which there are common national expectations and practices - has meant the creation of new modes of education within local institutions. The creation of this "education state " has also meant that federal educational initiatives have collided with - or reinforced - local political regimes in cities and suburbs alike. To the extent that "all politics is local, " the federal role in public schools has changed both the conduct and the norms of local educational politics. Building the Federal Schoolhouse examines how increasing federal authority over public education in the U.S. changes the practices of 'operational localism' in education and how local regime commitments implement, thwart, or even block federal policy initiatives. The book examines these issues through an in-depth, fifty year examination of federal educational policies at work within one community, Alexandria, Virginia. The home of T.C. Williams High School, memorialized in the Hollywood movie Remember the Titans, Alexandria has been transformed within two generations from a Jim Crow school system to a new immigrant gateway school district with over 20 percent of its students English learners. Along the way, the school system has struggled to provide quality education for special needs students, sought to overcome the legacies of tracking and segregated learning and simultaneously retain upper-middle class students in this wealthy suburb of Washington, DC. Most recently, it has grappled with state and federally imposed accountability measures that seek to boost educational outcomes. All of these policy initiatives have contended with the existing political regime within Alexandria, at times forcing the local regime to a breaking point, and at times bolstering its reconstruction. At the same time, the local expectations and governing realities of administrators, parents, politicians and voters alike have sharply constrained federal initiatives, limiting their scope when in conflict with local commitments and amplifying them when they align. Through an extensive use of local archives, contemporary accounts, school data and interviews, Reed not only paints an intimate portrait of the conflicts that the creation of the federal schoolhouse has wrought in Alexandria, but also documents the successes of the federal commitment to greater educational opportunity. In so doing, he highlights the complexity of the American education state and the centrality of local regimes and local historical context to federal efforts to reform education.

The Unrealized Promise of the Next Great Copyright Act provides a unique perspective on one of the most active periods of copyright policy discourse in the United States since the enactment of the Copyright Act of 1976. Using the then-Register of Copyrights Maria Pallante's landmark speech of 2013 The Next Great Copyright Act as a catalyst, Christopher S. Reed documents and assesses the major issues confronting the U.S. copyright system today. The book offers an inside view of the Copyright Office's attempts at reform as part of a comprehensive account of the complex dynamics between key stakeholder communities, government and legislation. Chapters also explore relevant areas of copyright such as orphan works and mass digitization, online copyright enforcement, visual arts and music licensing, and demonstrate that despite previous difficulties the time is now ripe for an update to U.S. copyright law. This insightful book will be of great value to scholars and legal practitioners with a focus on copyright law and policy, and will also prove a useful resource for instructors teaching copyright policy at an advanced level. Others with an interest in intellectual property, technology and connected culture, or politics and government will also find this book an engaging read.

The concept of "screen memories" was introduced by Freud for the first time in his 1899 paper, reprinted here in its entirety. Although the clinical interest in "screen memories" has perhaps diminished in recent analytic discussion, there is much to be gained from revisiting and re-examining both the phenomenon and Freud's original paper within a contemporary context. To this end, the authors have invited contributions from eight leading psychoanalysts on the current meaning and value to them of the screen memory concept. These comments come from contemporary psychoanalysts practicing in Italy, Francophone Switzerland, Argentina, Israel, and the United States of America, each of whom has been trained in one or another of a variety of psychoanalytic traditions, among which are ego psychology, a French version of Freud, an American version of Lacan and at least two variants of Kleinian thought - one British and one Latin American.

It is widely recognized that a person's values will profoundly affect what that person attends to, thinks about, and remembers. Yet, despite this, psychologists have only begun to study and think about the deep connections between values and knowledge. This volume explores this important area in psychology by offering an overview of what is known about the developmental role of valuation in the acquisition of knowledge, and also by examining a range of new ideas for understanding the intricate connection between evaluation and thinking. More specifically, the text: provides a historical overview of philosophical and psychological theories relating the values and knowledge; reviews the importance of values for infants and their caretakers in the origins of both cognition and social relations; offers a provocative view of how the differences among families in their values may have profound affects on psychological development; explicates the development of a personal sphere within which one strives to shape one's own values; emphasizes the heterogeneity of valuation inherent in every culture and how conflicts of values are likely to be common and important to human development; presents eye-opening research on social-cognitive limitations of average people in respecting the points of view of others; and summarizes and critiques Piaget's theory of the role of values in development. For practitioners in the fields of developmental and social psychology, and education, this volume will introduce a number of important and current issues, from multiculturality and gender to the differential roles of temperament and upbringing in development. The emphasis is placed squarely on developing individuals and how they shape themselves in a world that is structured by values as well as by facts.

First published in 1993. This is Volume 13, No 4 of the Psychoanalytic Inquiry which focuses on locating transference: actuality and illusion in the psychoanalytic encounter. The interrelation between actuality and illusion within the clincal encounter is a subject that has influenced the tehory and pratcice of psychoanalysis since its beginnings, particulary with regard to how clinicians identify and construe the transference.

The concept of "screen memories" was introduced by Freud for the first time in his 1899 paper, reprinted here in its entirety. Although the clinical interest in "screen memories" has perhaps diminished in recent analytic discussion, there is much to be gained from revisiting and re-examining both the phenomenon and Freud's original paper within a contemporary context. To this end, the authors have invited contributions from eight leading psychoanalysts on the current meaning and value to them of the screen memory concept. These comments come from contemporary psychoanalysts practicing in Italy, Francophone Switzerland, Argentina, Israel, and the United States of America, each of whom has been trained in one or another of a variety of psychoanalytic traditions, among which are ego psychology, a French version of Freud, an American version of Lacan and at least two variants of Kleinian thought - one British and one Latin American.

In the last several decades, the analytic field has widened considerably in scope. The therapeutic task is now seen by an increasing number of analysts to require that patient and analyst work together to strengthen, or to create, psychic structure that was previously weak, missing, or functionally inoperative. This view, which may apply to all patients, but is especially relevant to the treatment of non-neurotic patients and states of mind, stands in stark contrast to the more traditional assumption that the therapeutic task involves the uncovering of the unconscious dimension of a present pathological compromise formation that holds a potentially healthy ego in thrall.The contrast which this book calls attention to is that which exists roughly between formulations of psychic structure and functioning that were once assumed to have been sufficiently well explained by the hypotheses of Freud s topographic theory and those that were not. The former are modeled on neurosis and dream interpretation, where conflicts between relatively well-defined (saturated) and psychically represented desires were assumed to operate under the aegis of the pleasure-unpleasure principle. The latter involve a different level of psychic functioning and registration, one that is more closely associated with pre-verbal, and/or massive psychic trauma, as well as with primitive mental states. It operates "beyond the pleasure principle." In complementary fashion, psychoanalytic theorizing has begun to shift from conceiving solely or predominantly of a universe of presences, forgotten, hidden or disguised, but there for the finding, to a negative universe of voids where creation of missing structure, often referred to by the Freudian metapsychological designation, representation, becomes of necessity part of the cure.However it is conceptualized psychoanalytically, representation is the culmination of a process through which impulse and content, and in favorable circumstances disguised versions of that part of the content that is unconscious, must all be linked. It is a term with historical roots in Freud s metapsychology, and its psychoanalytic usage refers back to that tradition and theoretical domain. It should not be confused with the way it or similar terms are used in other disciplines e.g., child development or neuroscience nor should references to its absence be misunderstood to necessarily imply the total absence of some kind of registration or inscription in the being, i.e., the psyche or the soma, of the individual."

Andre Green was a leading voice in French psychoanalysis, a brilliant thinker and an innovative contributor to our field. His writings sit at the crossroads of contemporary psychoanalysis, where the challenges posed and the opportunities presented by the work of Lacan, Klein, Winnicott and Bion meet the still generative insights of Freud, many of which Green reminded us have yet to be fully developed or appreciated. Green's expansion of Freud's theory of psychic representation and his own formulation of the work of the negative exemplify his idea of clinical thinking and herald what many believe is a new paradigm for psychoanalysis. This volume of essays, written by an international group of scholars in response to and appreciation of Green's contributions, continues to explore the tension between presence and absence, loss and remainder, fort and da and the creative, dialectical arc that exists between these pairs in psychic development and the analytic process. It aims to expand the reach of our theory and practice to patients whose difficulties lie at the limits of analyzability, beyond the spectrum of neurotic disturbances for which classical psychoanalysis was originally intended, and to place the reader at the frontiers of contemporary clinical thinking and analytic technique.

The 2012 election in Japan ejected the governing DPJ and returned the LDP overwhelmingly to power while brand new parties pulled in millions of voters. This book explains what happened, why it happened and what it means. International experts analyze the election results, parties strategies, gender issues, policy implications and more.

The subject of error-control coding bridges several disciplines, in particular mathematics, electrical engineering and computer science. The theory of error-control codes is often described abstractly in mathematical terms only, for the benefit of other coding specialists. Such a theoretical approach to coding makes it difficult for engineers to understand the underlying concepts of error correction, the design of digital error-control systems, and the quantitative behavior of such systems. In this book only a minimal amount of mathematics is introduced in order to describe the many, sometimes mathematical, aspects of error-control coding. The concepts of error correction and detection are in many cases sufficiently straightforward to avoid highly theoretical algebraic constructions. The reader will find that the primary emphasis of the book is on practical matters, not on theoretical problems. In fact, much of the material covered is summarized by examples of real developments, and almost all of the error-correction and detection codes introduced are attached to related practical applications.Error-Control Coding for Data Networks takes a structured approach to channel-coding, starting with the basic coding concepts and working gradually towards the most sophisticated coding systems. The most popular applications are described throughout the book. These applications include the channel-coding techniques used in mobile communication systems, such as: the global system for mobile communications (GSM) and the code-division multiple-access (CDMA) system, coding schemes for High-Definition TeleVision (HDTV) system, the Compact Disk (CD), and Digital Video Disk (DVD), as well as the error-control protocols for the data-link layers of networks, and much more. The book is compiled carefully to bring engineers, coding specialists, and students up to date in the important modern coding technologies. Both electrical engineering students and communication engineers will benefit from the information in this largely self-contained text on error-control system engineering.

Encountering the World reorients modern psychology by finding a viable middle ground between the study of nerve cells and cultural analysis. The emerging field of ecological psychology focuses on the "human niche" and our uniquely evolved modes of action and interaction. Rejecting both mechanistic cognitive science and reductionistic neuroscience, the author offers a new psychology that combines ecological and experimental methods to help us better understand the ways in which people and animals make their way through the world. The book provides a comprehensive treatment of ecological psychology and a unique synthesis of the work of Darwin, neural Darwinism, and modern ecologists with James Gibson's approach to perception. The author presents detailed discussions on communication, sociality, cognition, and language - topics often overlooked by ecological psychologists. Other issues covered include ecological approaches to animal behaviour, neural mechanisms, perception, action, and interaction. Provocative and controversial, Encountering the World makes a significant contribution to the debate over the nature of psychology.