The Physics of Conformal Radiotherapy: Advances in Technology provides a thorough overview of conformal radiotherapy and biological modeling, focusing on the underlying physics and methodology of three-dimensional techniques in radiation therapy. This carefully written, authoritative account evaluates three-dimensional treatment planning, optimization, photon multileaf collimation, proton therapy, transit dosimetry, intensity-modulation techniques, and biological modeling. It is an invaluable teaching guide and reference for all medical physicists and radiation oncologists/therapists that use conformal radiotherapy.

The Physics of Three Dimensional Radiation Therapy presents a broad study of the use of three-dimensional techniques in radiation therapy. These techniques are used to specify the target volume precisely and deliver radiation with precision to minimize damage to surrounding healthy tissue. The book discusses multimodality computed tomography, complex treatment planning software, advanced collimation techniques, proton radiotherapy, megavoltage imaging, and stereotactic radiosurgery. A review of the literature, numerous questions, and many illustrations make this book suitable for teaching a course.
The themes covered in this book are developed and expanded in Webb's The Physics of Conformal Radiotherapy and the two may be used together or in successive semesters for teaching purposes.

The most important radiotherapy modality used today, intensity modulated radiation therapy (IMRT), is the most technologically advanced radiotherapy cancer treatment available, rapidly replacing conformal and three-dimensional techniques. Because of these changes, oncologists and radiotherapists need up-to-date information gathered by physicists and engineers. Focusing on new developments and the preliminary clinical implementation, Contemporary IMRT: Developing Physics and Clinical Implementation discusses the relationship between these advances and applications. Capturing contemporary technological advances, the book reviews modern applications of IMRT and shows how IMRT is used now and how it will be used in the future. The book begins with a historical background of IMRT as well as a discussion of the current state of IMRT. It also covers technical solutions that have been commercialized, such as the sliding window technique, step-and-shoot, tomotherapy, and the Cyberknife. The final chapter explores imaging developments and new planning methods, including gradient-descent and split modulation. Covering recent advancements in IMRT and showing how these techniques and devices have been implemented, Contemporary IMRT: Developing Physics and Clinical Implementation provides state-of-the-art findings for oncologists, radiotherapists, radiographers, physicists, and engineers.

Clinical conformal radiotherapy is the holy grail of radiation treatment and is now becoming a reality through the combined efforts of physical scientists and engineers, who have improved the physical basis of radiotherapy, and the interest and concern of imaginative radiotherapists and radiographers. Intensity-Modulated Radiation Therapy describes in detail the physics germane to the development of a particular form of clinical conformal radiotherapy called intensity modulated radiation therapy (IMRT). IMRT has become a topic of tremendous importance in recent years and is now being seriously investigated for its potential to improve the outcome of radiation therapy. The book collates the state-of-the-art literature together with the author's personal research experience and that of colleagues in the field to produce a text suitable for new research workers, Ph.D. students, and practicing radiation physicists that require a thorough introduction to IMRT. Fully illustrated, indexed, and referenced, the book has been prepared in a form suitable for supporting a teaching course.

This book presents a comprehensive and coherent picture of how molecules diffuse across a liquid that is, on average, only two molecules thick. It begins by characterizing bilayers structurally, using X-ray diffraction, and then mechanically by measuring elastic moduli and mechanisms of failure. Emphasis is placed on the stability and mechanical properties of plant membranes that are subject to very large osmotic and thermal stresses. Using this information, the transport of molecules of increasing complexity across bilayers is analyzed.

The Physics of Conformal Radiotherapy: Advances in Technology provides a thorough overview of conformal radiotherapy and biological modeling, focusing on the underlying physics and methodology of three-dimensional techniques in radiation therapy. This carefully written, authoritative account evaluates three-dimensional treatment planning, optimization, photon multileaf collimation, proton therapy, transit dosimetry, intensity-modulation techniques, and biological modeling. It is an invaluable teaching guide and reference for all medical physicists and radiation oncologists/therapists that use conformal radiotherapy.

The Physics of Three Dimensional Radiation Therapy presents a broad study of the use of three-dimensional techniques in radiation therapy. These techniques are used to specify the target volume precisely and deliver radiation with precision to minimize damage to surrounding healthy tissue. The book discusses multimodality computed tomography, complex treatment planning software, advanced collimation techniques, proton radiotherapy, megavoltage imaging, and stereotactic radiosurgery. A review of the literature, numerous questions, and many illustrations make this book suitable for teaching a course. The themes covered in this book are developed and expanded in Webb's The Physics of Conformal Radiotherapy and the two may be used together or in successive semesters for teaching purposes.

The most important radiotherapy modality used today, intensity modulated radiation therapy (IMRT), is the most technologically advanced radiotherapy cancer treatment available, rapidly replacing conformal and three-dimensional techniques. Because of these changes, oncologists and radiotherapists need up-to-date information gathered by physicists and engineers. Focusing on new developments and the preliminary clinical implementation, Contemporary IMRT: Developing Physics and Clinical Implementation discusses the relationship between these advances and applications. Capturing contemporary technological advances, the book reviews modern applications of IMRT and shows how IMRT is used now and how it will be used in the future. The book begins with a historical background of IMRT as well as a discussion of the current state of IMRT. It also covers technical solutions that have been commercialized, such as the sliding window technique, step-and-shoot, tomotherapy, and the Cyberknife. The final chapter explores imaging developments and new planning methods, including gradient-descent and split modulation. Covering recent advancements in IMRT and showing how these techniques and devices have been implemented, Contemporary IMRT: Developing Physics and Clinical Implementation provides state-of-the-art findings for oncologists, radiotherapists, radiographers, physicists, and engineers.

From the Watching of Shadows: The Origins of Radiological Tomography presents the first complete history of body imaging by discrete sections, from its earliest beginnings around 1920 to modern times. Divided into two parts, the book is highly illustrated with many original figures from patents and some previously unpublished pictures. The first part covers classical tomography from 1920 to the 1960s, including the origins of radiological tomography. The second part takes a fresh look at computed transmission and emission tomography that includes recent developments by pioneering tomographers. Tables in each chapter summarize key historical landmarks. The book also includes an extensive glossary of technical terms and a comprehensive index. It is ideal reading for diagnostic radiologists and radiographers interested in the origins of their techniques, for practicing medical physicists, and for historians of medicine and science.

This volume contains survey articles based on the invited lectures given at the Twentieth British Combinatorial Conference, organised jointly by the University of Durham and the Open University. It was held in July 2005 at the University of Durham. This biennial conference is a well-established international event, with speakers from all over the world. By its nature this volume provides an up-to-date overview of current research activity in several areas of combinatorics, ranging from combinatorial number theory to geometry. The authors are some of the world's foremost researchers in their fields, and here they summarize existing results, and give a unique preview of work currently being written up. The book provides a valuable survey of the present state of knowledge in combinatorics. It will be useful to research workers and advanced graduate students, primarily in mathematics but also in computer science, statistics and engineering.

There is something hidden in Anteria. Despite years of war, the Roman forces have been unable to overwhelm native resistance, and a fire-wreathed tiger stalks the dreams of the invaders. The new assault from Roma brings with it Sylvestus Atrox Nigrum, a man respected by his superiors, revered by his soldiers, and well-versed in the mastery of mortal things. Sylv has as many secrets as the island, and his plans are ready to come to fruition - all he needs is a board on which to play his turn. As the tide of the invasion begins to turn in Roma's favour, there are whispers of a power that could destroy the invaders and restore the natural order of the island. Something is hidden, something with the ultimate power over all life. The natives whisper that Nahvo'que must be freed, and it has always been in Sylv's nature to conquer. Anteria will bring to light all the secrets Sylv has spent a lifetime mastering. There are forces larger than the petty games of men on Anteria. What if he could master Death?

In a world where humanity bear wings and racial tension divides a city, things are...Complicated. Daneel just wants her family safe but was never meant to be the one protecting them; Jedekiah is busy trying to burn out the voices in his head while his home is falling apart; and North isn't even sure what's happening, but he's pretty certain it won't end in diplomacy. But after an unfortunate "accident" throws these three unlikely - and unwilling - allies out of their comfort zones and into each others' worlds, they are going to have to learn very quickly the meaning of teamwork and cooperation, to ensure their survival through the city's notorious Disciplines, a (usually) optional gladatorial tournament. Victory will involve breaking boundaries, breaking bones, and occasionally breaking North's glasses - but the stakes might be higher than any of them realise. It's more than just their wings that they're fighting for.