The study focused on mechanism of socio-cultural changes such as innovation, diffusion, cultural loss, acculturation, modernization, economic development, technological development, wars, and natural disasters etc. The main factors involved in transition of society have been identified and explained in the study. The study revealed that transition in this particular community was mainly due to introduction of new technology, economic development, media and education, which had greatly simplified household and farm work and brought about a substantial saving of time. The out migration of men and adoption of new occupations has changed the social status and role of the people particularly of the young generation. The Pukhtoon traditions were going out, love, affection, respect for elder, strangers and women, sympathy, modesty and hospitality in the pukhtoon society were not in real practice as before. The introduction of new technology, provision of basic facilities by govt. /NGOs and education promotion has changed the role of men and women in various perspectives.

On August 14th 2000, the military regime in Pakistan, unveiled a Local Government Plan intended towards strengthening the democratic institutions and towards empowering the people at the grassroots. It was argued that the Plan would increase access of marginalized groups in society to politics, increase participation of ordinary citizens both in politics as well as the delivery of services, enhance accountability of the government functionaries as well as elected members and improve the delivery of social services. The Devolution Plan (2000) paved the way for the reestablishment of local governments at the district and sub-district levels. According to the Plan, political, administrative and fiscal powers were devolved to the local governments at the union, tehsil and district levels. The fact that local governments in Pakistan in the past have mainly been used by regimes to legitimize control over the state and to achieve future survival makes this ambitious attempt controversial. Especially, its contextual resemblance with the previous two attempts at local government reforms, further strengthen the notion of regime legitimization and survival.

This work investigates efficient searching mechanisms for searching and retrieving software components across different remote repositories and implements a supporting prototype called "Component Repository Browser" using the plug-in based Eclipse technology for PROGRESS-IDE. The prototype enables users to search the ProCom components and to import the desired components from a remote repository server over different protocols such as HTTP, HTTPS, and/or SVN. Several component searching mechanisms and suggestions were studied and examined such as keyword, facet-based search, folksonomy classification, and signature matching, from which we selected keyword search along with facet-based searching technique to help component searchers to efficiently find the desired components from a remote repository.