The population of the world continues to increase at an alarming rate. The trouble linked with overpopulation ranges from food and water scarcity to inadequacy of space for organisms. Overpopulation is also linked with several other demographic hazards, for instance, population blooming will not only result in exhaustion of natural repositories, but it will also induce intense pressure on the world economy. Today nanotechnology is often discussed as a key discipline of research but it has positive and negative aspects. Also, due to industrialization and ever-increasing population, nano-pollution has been an emerging topic among scientists for investigation and debate. Nanotechnology measures any substance on a macromolecular scale, molecular scale, and even atomic scale. More importantly, nanotechnology deals with the manipulation and control of any matter at the dimension of a single nanometer. Nanotechnology and nanoparticles (NPs) play important roles in sustainable development and environmental challenges as well. NPs possess both harmful and beneficial effects on the environment and its harboring components, such as microbes, plants, and humans. There are many beneficial impacts exerted by nanoparticles, however, including their role in the management of waste water and soil treatment, cosmetics, food packaging, agriculture, biomedicines, pharmaceuticals, renewable energies, and environmental remedies. Conversely, NPs also show some toxic effects on microbes, plants, as well as human beings. It has been reported that use of nanotechnological products leads to the more accumulation of NPs in soil and aquatic ecosystems, which may be detrimental for living organisms. Further, toxic effects of NPs on microbes, invertebrates, and aquatic organisms including algae, has been measured. Scientists have also reported on the negative impact of NPs on plants by discussing the delivery of NPs in plants. Additionally, scientists have also showed that NPs interact with plant cells, which results in alterations in growth, biological function, gene expression, and development. Thus, there has been much investigated and reported on NPs and plant interactions in the last decade. This book discusses the most recent work on NPs and plant interaction, which should be useful for scientists working in nanotechnology across a wide variety of disciplines.

The population of the world continues to increase at an alarming rate. The trouble linked with overpopulation ranges from food and water scarcity to inadequacy of space for organisms. Overpopulation is also linked with several other demographic hazards, for instance, population blooming will not only result in exhaustion of natural repositories, but it will also induce intense pressure on the world economy. Today nanotechnology is often discussed as a key discipline of research but it has positive and negative aspects. Also, due to industrialization and ever-increasing population, nano-pollution has been an emerging topic among scientists for investigation and debate. Nanotechnology measures any substance on a macromolecular scale, molecular scale, and even atomic scale. More importantly, nanotechnology deals with the manipulation and control of any matter at the dimension of a single nanometer. Nanotechnology and nanoparticles (NPs) play important roles in sustainable development and environmental challenges as well. NPs possess both harmful and beneficial effects on the environment and its harboring components, such as microbes, plants, and humans. There are many beneficial impacts exerted by nanoparticles, however, including their role in the management of waste water and soil treatment, cosmetics, food packaging, agriculture, biomedicines, pharmaceuticals, renewable energies, and environmental remedies. Conversely, NPs also show some toxic effects on microbes, plants, as well as human beings. It has been reported that use of nanotechnological products leads to the more accumulation of NPs in soil and aquatic ecosystems, which may be detrimental for living organisms. Further, toxic effects of NPs on microbes, invertebrates, and aquatic organisms including algae, has been measured. Scientists have also reported on the negative impact of NPs on plants by discussing the delivery of NPs in plants. Additionally, scientists have also showed that NPs interact with plant cells, which results in alterations in growth, biological function, gene expression, and development. Thus, there has been much investigated and reported on NPs and plant interactions in the last decade. This book discusses the most recent work on NPs and plant interaction, which should be useful for scientists working in nanotechnology across a wide variety of disciplines.

Hydrogen Sulfide in Plant Biology: Past and Present includes 17 chapters, with topics from cross-talk and lateral root development under stress, to post-translational modifications and disease resistance. With emerging research on the different roles and applications of H2S, this title compiles the latest advances of this key signaling molecule. The development of a plant requires complex signaling of various molecules like H2S in order to achieve regulated and proper development, hence hydrogen sulfide (H2S) has emerged as an important signaling molecule that regulates nearly each and every stage of a plant's lifecycle. Edited by leading experts in the field, this is a must-read for scientists and researchers interested in plant physiology, biochemistry and ecology.

Abiotic Stress and Legumes: Tolerance and Management is the first book to focus on the ability of legume plants to adapt effectively to environmental challenges. Using the -omic approach, this book takes a targeted approach to understanding the methods and means of ensuring survival and maximizing the productivity of the legume plant by improving tolerance to environmental /abiotic stress factors including drought, temperature change, and other challenges. The book presents a comprehensive overview of the progress that has been made in identifying means of managing abiotic stress effects, specifically in legumes, including the development of several varieties which exhibit tolerance through high yield using transcriptomic, proteomic, metabolomic and ionomic approaches. Further, exogenous application of various stimulants such as plant hormones, nutrients, sugars, and polyamines has emerged as an alternative strategy to improve productivity under these environmental challenges. Abiotic Stress and Legumes: Tolerance and Management examines these emerging strategies and serves as an important resource for researchers, academicians and scientists, enhancing their knowledge and aiding further research.

Nitric Oxide in Plant Biology: An Ancient Molecule with Emerging Roles is an extensive volume which provides a broad and detailed overview of Nitric Oxide (NO) in plant biology. The book covers the entirety of the crucial role NO plays in the plant lifecycle, from the regulation of seed germination and growth to synthesis, nitrogen fixation and stress response. Beginning with NO production and NO homeostasis, Nitric Oxide in Plant Biology goes on to cover a variety of NO roles, with a focus on NO signalling, crosstalk and stress responses. Edited by leading experts in the field and featuring the latest research from laboratories from across the globe, it is a comprehensive resource of interest to students and researchers working in plant physiology, agriculture, biotechnology, and the pharmaceutical and food industries.

Environmental stresses, such as heavy metals, drought, radiation, salts, pesticides, temperature, etc. are major factors collectively called abiotic stresses, which limit agricultural productivity. Abiotic stress factors negatively influence the survival, biomass production, and yield of staple food crops of up to 70%. In recent years, much attention has been given for developing strategies to alleviate the adverse effects of abiotic stresses on crops in order to fulfill the food demand of increasing population. Chemical application and agronomical crop management practices have been used to alleviate abiotic stresses with some success. During the last decade, extensive work has been carried out to understand plant hormone-mediated enhancement in abiotic stress tolerance using physiological, biochemical, genetic, molecular, and genomic approaches for crop breeding and management. This book has complied recent research on plant hormone mediated regulation of abiotic stress tolerance in plants with special emphasis on crops. This book consists of fourteen chapters dealing with recent research made in the direction of plant hormone and abiotic stress tolerance in crop plants. Chapter One deals with abiotic stress and crop productivity. Chapters Two and Three deal with the role of polyamines, ROS, and melatonin in the regulation of abiotic stresses. Chapter Four extensively elaborates the significance of the multigene family in the improvement of crops under stress conditions. Chapters Five and Six deal with the interaction of plant hormones and their subsequent impact on plant abiotic stress tolerance. Chapter Seven, Eight and Nine comprehensively deal with the role of abscisic acid and gibberellic acid signaling in the regulation of abiotic stress tolerance in crops. Chapters Ten through Thirteen describe the role of brassinosteroids cross talk, interaction and signaling in the regulation of abiotic stress tolerance in crops. Chapter Fourteen deals with the emerging role of oxylipins in the regulation of abiotic stress in crops. Chapter Fifteen deals with the role of jasmonic acid and salicylic acid signaling in the regulation of abiotic stress tolerance. This book has gathered recent information of plant hormone research and abiotic stress tolerance in crops. We hope that this book will be very useful for graduate and post graduate students and researchers.