Cattla cattla (Carp) is found in Northern India, Pakistan, Bangladesh, and Burma. Five hybrids have been produced. Its total length is 950 mm and total weight is 18.5 kg. The spawning season of C. catla in Gujrat is between June to September. The Present work aims at the determination of total lipid in livers of commercially important major carp. Total lipid profile in female C. catla was measured to study variations from immature to mature stage. Variance between hepatosomatic index (HSI) and gonadosomatic (GSI) index and total body weight with respect to total lipid in liver is also studied. These variations were studied in relation with environmental parameters. Seasonal variations in the level of lipid in fish are related maily to the reproductive cycle. They accumulate large lipid reserves prior to gonadal development. In general fatty acids are mobilized from the lipid reserves of fish during gonadogenesis and transferred via the serum to liver where they are assembled into the lipoprotein, vitellogenin. The total lipid (phospholipids, cholesterol and triglyceride) can be catabolized to provide metabolic energy for egg lipoprotein synthesis.

Secondary hyperparathyroidism (SHPT) develops frequently in patients with "End Stage Renal Disease" because the production of 1, 25 (OH) 2- vitamin D (calcitriol) decreases in the kidneys. That's why patients may develop osteodystrophy or osteomalacia. The functional role of vitamin D3 under normal body condition is to regulate secretion of parathyroid hormone (PTH) synthesis and release. Parameters such as calcium, phosphate and vitamin D3 act upon PTH. In normal subjects, the homeostasis of these parameters is strongly interconnected but in renal failure, the metabolism of each of these parameters may be deregulated. The diseased kidney is unable to produce vital hormone that is called erythropoietin which increases synthesis of red blood cells. The anemic condition is seen in CKD (chronic kidney disease) because erythropoietin production become reduced. In Pakistan, CKD patients are continuously increasing annually. We conducted a blood and serosurvey study in Lahore metropolitan city of Punjab, Pakistan to see the co-relation between SHPT and CKD. This epidemiological research of public health will be beneficial for onward broad demographic surveillance programs.