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This first-of-its-kind resource offers you an in-depth
understanding of wireless sensor networks from a systems
perspective. The book describes and categorizes the technological
trends, leading applications, state-of-the-art platform
developments, future trends, and challenges of sensor networks. You
find critical coverage of network protocols and mechanisms for node
localization, time synchronization, media access control, topology
creation and management, routing, transport, storage, collaborative
signal processing, security and fault tolerance, and node
deployment in large-scale sensor networks.
Seven phosphate solubilising bacteria, belonging to
Enterobacteriaceae family, capable of utilizing Xylose and rock
phosphate as the sole carbon and phosphate source were isolated by
enrichment culture method. This PSB exhibited mineral phosphate
solubilising (MPS) phenotype on xylose and glucose, which are
substrates for enzyme glucose dehydrogenase (GDH), as carbon
sources. The isolates secreted formic acid and xylonic acid by
utilizing xylose. In all the isolates, GDH activity was found when
grown on Glucose and Xylose, indicating that it is constitutive and
could act on a wide range of aldose sugars. PFL enzyme activity in
all xylose utilizing cells was higher, since PFL is a marker of
anaerobic conditions thus all the isolates were facultative
anaerobes. Efficiency of the isolates for phosphorus solubilization
in natural environments was further confirmed by pot experiments on
mung bean plants.
In Date palm (Phoenix dactyliferaL.) molecular characterization to
find the best genotype and male/female identification at an early
stage before flowering is of great economic significance for
farmers. Genetic finger printing using molecular markers is an
important tool. In present investigation two types of marker viz.,
RAPD and ISSR were applied in 8 Date palm genotypes and five types
of markers RAPD, ISSR, SSR, ITS and 18s rRNA gene were applied in 5
genotypes of Date palm (Ghanshyam, Early maturing, Late maturing,
Male 2 small and Male1 tall) and at the same time Ghanshyam was
also screened with its 14 seedling genotypesRAPD markers were more
efficient than ISSR assay with regard to polymorphic detection;
RAPD markers detected 36.84% polymorphism as compared to 0.12% by
ISSR markers. Cluster analysis by UPGMA shows that the dendrogram
obtained was similar for RAPD and RAPD + ISSR, In other case study
of 5 Date palm genotypes (Ghanshyam, Early maturing, Late maturing,
Male 2 small and Male1 tall), five type of markers with one best
primer for each marker (RAPD, ISSR, SSR, ITS and18s rRNA) were
used.
Present investigation developed three pathways for in vitro
regeneration and mass multiplication of Acacia mangium. The nodal
segments from 8-10 years old phenotypically superior plus tree were
used as explants for axillary bud culture. MS medium supplemented
with BAP and Kinetin in combination was the best for culture
establishment and shoot proliferation from the axillary buds.
Microshoots were rooted in MS medium (half strength) supplemented
with IBA and acclimatization of the rooted shoots was obtained in
plastic pots containing soilrite. Sixty per cent of cotyledon
explants developed direct adventitious buds. Callus was induced
from the cotyledon and hypocotyl explants on MS medium fortified
with NAA and BAP. Genetic fidelity of micropropagated plants was
examined by RAPD analysis, at every subculture. No genetic
variation was detected among plantlets, hence proving genetically
stable regeneration method. This protocol can be very useful for
for genetic engineering and mass production of quality planting
material of Mangium.
An efficient in vitro plant regeneration and Agrobacterium
tumefaciens mediated genetic transformation protocol was described
for castor (Ricinus communis L.) using meristem as explants. Shoot
apex containing apical meristems were excised from 5-7 days old in
vitro grown seedlings and cultured on Murashige and Skoog (MS)
medium supplemented with different concentrations of cytokinins
singly or in combination. Kinetin (0.50 mg/l) in combination with
BAP (0.25 mg/l) produced maximum number of shoot (10.33) and shoot
length (5.20 cm). For root induction, in vitro produced shoots were
transferred to rooting media containing 1/2 MS basal media with
NAA. In Agrobacterium tumefaciens mediated genetic transformation,
Agrobacterium tumefaciens strain containing construct pBIN1F
harboring nptII and cry1F gene was used. The integration of the
gene was confirmed by using PCR. The transformation experiment was
performed by optimizing age of the seedlings and co-cultivation
duration with Agrobacterium. When the effect of the age of the
seedlings and co-cultivation duration evaluated fifteen days old
seedlings and co-cultivated for three days yielded the frequency of
transformation 2
Genetic diversity of Karanja accessions were evaluated with Random
Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) and Inter Simple Sequence Repeats
(ISSR) markers. In present study low level of genetic diversity was
observed among the karanj genotypes. Average RPI, PIC and MI value
for RAPD primers were 2.09, 0.25 and 18.06 respectively; while for
ISSR marker it was 0.66, 0.08 and 4.48 respectively. Genetic
diversity analysis by Isozyme marker viz., POX (peroxidase), PPO
(polyphenol oxidase ), EST (esterase) and SOD(superoxide dismutase)
scores total 19 isozyme loci in 30 accessions of Karanja. Highest
loci was scored by PPO (6 loci) followed by POX (5 loci) while 4
loci scored by SOD and EST. Highest polymorphism and highest number
of polymorphic loci was shown by PPO isozyme (83.33%) while lowest
polymorphism and lowest number of polymorphic loci was shown by SOD
isozyme (50 %). In morphological characterization, in terms of
height, tallest tree and average longest branch was recorded by
NAUK-15 and NAUK-16 respectively. Average highest number of
branches and largest leaflet width was recorded by NAUK-9 while
longest leaflet length recorded by NAUK-1.
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