The main objective of this work is to contribute to the management literature by comprehensively reviewing and exploring the management theories from the management science theory up to the current management theories. This book hopes to stimulate and generate dynamic and contemporary ideas among the new management researchers in a more systematic way to further identify, conceptualize, extend or even build new management theories and perspectives. This book, which consists of essays on management theories, discusses the current development of management theories and opportunities for further conceptual and empirical research. New researchers will find this book interesting and useful as it deliberates on the meaning of theory, the theory building process and subsequently discusses on how they could contribute to the expansion and extension of management theory.

The main objective of this work is to contribute to the management literature by comprehensively reviewing and exploring the management theories from the management science theory up to the current management theories. This book hopes to stimulate and generate dynamic and contemporary ideas among the new management researchers in a more systematic way to further identify, conceptualize, extend or even build new management theories and perspectives. This book, which consists of essays on management theories, discusses the current development of management theories and opportunities for further conceptual and empirical research. New researchers will find this work interesting and useful as it deliberates on the meaning of theory, the theory building process and subsequently discusses on how they could contribute to the expansion and extension of management theory.

This book aims to identify the determinants of international portfolio capital investment flows into Malaysia during 1991 to 2002. Specifically, the determinants of portfolio capital flows are investigated by distinguishing the push (external)and pull (internal) factors. Push factors include economic conditions outside the host country such as world interest rate and growth rate, while pull factors include various economic and financial conditions of the host country. The effects of each determinant of portfolio capital investment (PCI) are examined by analyzing the time series data. The multi-regression analysis was conducted to identify the type of relationship between the dependent and independent variables. The findings show that both push and pull factors are significant in determining the portfolio capital investment flows into Malaysia. The results provide strong evidence that the world (U.S) real interest rate, Malaysian inflation rate (CPI) and the growth rate of the stock price index (KLSE CI) are significant in determining the portfolio capital flows to Malaysia.

To increase global competitiveness, technological capabilities, and potential for local innovation, organizations in the developing countries are striving hard to collaborate, learn and internalize their foreign partner's technological knowledge by forming strategic alliances and international joint ventures (IJVs). The inter-firm technology transfer characteristics have become the vital factors in determining the success or failure of inter-firm technology transfer within IJVs. Since the current issue on inter-firm technology transfer (TT) in the developing countries is centered on the efficiency and effectiveness of the transfer process; therefore the success is strongly associated with the amount or degree of technology that has been transferred to local partners.

Efficient supply chain management (SCM) is recognized as a strategic tool for companies to enhance performance in terms of quality, time, speed and reliability while minimizing total costs. Based on resource-based view (RBV) and knowledge-based view of the firm (KBV) perspectives, supply chain can be considered as an organization's strategic asset to achieve competitive advantage. Knowledge management (KM) is a crucial requirement for the organizations to leverage their knowledge in today's turbulent business environment. Knowledge acquisition and knowledge application are two important dimensions of knowledge management that should seriously be taken into consideration by all organizations. The present work investigates the linkage between SCM and KM. This work was carried out to examine the relationships between supply chain process knowledge and organizational performance. Supply chain learning also has been investigated as another factor which affects organizational performance.

Strategic supply chain management can be considered as a tool to enhance organizational performance. Based on knowledge-based view of the firm perspectives, Knowledge management (KM) is a crucial requirement for the organizations to leverage their knowledge in today's turbulent business environment. Therefore a strategically managed supply chain which concerns knowledge acquisition and application can boost organizations' success opportunity. This book highlights the importance of supply chain learning and applied supply chain process knowledge, as well as the relationship between these factors with organizational performance enhancement. Hence, it is the supply chain managers' responsibilities to establish a learning environment both within the organization and beyond the borders in order to exchange the information easily. They also have to ensure that acquired knowledge from learning processes, are properly applied in order to create or improve the products, processes or systems.

The inter firm technology transfers (TT) in collaborative joint ventures (JVs) often involve trade offs between the willingness of technology supplier to transfer a considerable amount of technologies to technology recipient and degree of protection of the proprietary technology, knowledge and competencies as the source of the supplier's competitive advantage. Thus, technology transfers through JVs have frequently involved various facilitators, actors and complex relationship between partners; which eventually have direct impact on the degree of technology transfer in JVs. Therefore, building on the integrated knowledge-based view and organizational learning perspectives, and previous TT models, this book proposes a holistic TT model in providing explanations on the relative and simultaneous effects of technology transfer characteristics (TTCHARS) on degree of technology transfer (TTDEG). The holistic TT model also conceptualizes the effect of TTDEG on local firms' performance dimensions namely corporate and human resource performance, and the moderating effects of MNCs' firm size, age of JV, MNCs' country of origin, and types of industries in the TTCHARS-TTDEG relationship.