Dynamic programming is an efficient technique for solving optimization problems. It is based on breaking the initial problem down into simpler ones and solving these sub-problems, beginning with the simplest ones. A conventional dynamic programming algorithm returns an optimal object from a given set of objects. This book develops extensions of dynamic programming, enabling us to (i) describe the set of objects under consideration; (ii) perform a multi-stage optimization of objects relative to different criteria; (iii) count the number of optimal objects; (iv) find the set of Pareto optimal points for bi-criteria optimization problems; and (v) to study relationships between two criteria. It considers various applications, including optimization of decision trees and decision rule systems as algorithms for problem solving, as ways for knowledge representation, and as classifiers; optimization of element partition trees for rectangular meshes, which are used in finite element methods for solving PDEs; and multi-stage optimization for such classic combinatorial optimization problems as matrix chain multiplication, binary search trees, global sequence alignment, and shortest paths. The results presented are useful for researchers in combinatorial optimization, data mining, knowledge discovery, machine learning, and finite element methods, especially those working in rough set theory, test theory, logical analysis of data, and PDE solvers. This book can be used as the basis for graduate courses.

This book explores the relationship between the developing India-US strategic Partnership and Pakistan's security. It assesses India and the US's areas of cooperation to show that the partnership will bring drastic changes for India's military capabilities and modernization of its forces. The book shows that, in addition to enhancing India's domestic nuclear stockpiles through the nuclear cooperation agreement, collaboration in high-tech areas such as space and innovative technologies will enable India to acquire sophisticated delivery systems as well as surveillance capacity. The author argues that these advancements will enable India to destabilize the strategic balance in the region. The book also briefly explores the nuclear doctrines of India and Pakistan that provide an insight into the role of nuclear weapons in maintaining deterrence in the region. To understand the power dynamics caused by the strategic partnership and their impact on strategic stability in South Asia, the author utilizes the Balance of Power and Power Transition theories. A timely analysis of the India-US Strategic Partnership with a Pakistan angle, the book will be of interest to academics working in the fields of Asian security, Asian politics, especially South Asia, strategic studies, international relations, political science, nuclear non-proliferation, conflict studies, arms control, and security studies.

This book explores the relationship between the developing India-US strategic Partnership and Pakistan's security. It assesses India and the US's areas of cooperation to show that the partnership will bring drastic changes for India's military capabilities and modernization of its forces. The book shows that, in addition to enhancing India's domestic nuclear stockpiles through the nuclear cooperation agreement, collaboration in high-tech areas such as space and innovative technologies will enable India to acquire sophisticated delivery systems as well as surveillance capacity. The author argues that these advancements will enable India to destabilize the strategic balance in the region. The book also briefly explores the nuclear doctrines of India and Pakistan that provide an insight into the role of nuclear weapons in maintaining deterrence in the region. To understand the power dynamics caused by the strategic partnership and their impact on strategic stability in South Asia, the author utilizes the Balance of Power and Power Transition theories. A timely analysis of the India-US Strategic Partnership with a Pakistan angle, the book will be of interest to academics working in the fields of Asian security, Asian politics, especially South Asia, strategic studies, international relations, political science, nuclear non-proliferation, conflict studies, arms control, and security studies.

There are many modalities available to image the heart and this variety and number of scan types can prove to be daunting to radiologists and cardiologists. In addition, there are the numerous devices, stents, valves and other paraphernalia which are employed in the management of cardiac disease, which need to be recognised and identified when interpreting any of these various scans. Containing 75 challenging clinical cases and illustrated with superb, high quality images, Cardiac Imaging covers a wide range of cardiac imaging problems from basic radiographic cases to more challenging and esoteric cases involving echocardiography, cardiac MRI, cardiac CT and myocardial perfusion imaging. The book uses an accessible format for quick assimilation. It remains an invaluable text for all radiology and cardiology professionals in practice and in training, from hospital-based doctors preparing for higher examinations to established physicians in their continuing professional development.

Dynamic programming is an efficient technique for solving optimization problems. It is based on breaking the initial problem down into simpler ones and solving these sub-problems, beginning with the simplest ones. A conventional dynamic programming algorithm returns an optimal object from a given set of objects. This book develops extensions of dynamic programming, enabling us to (i) describe the set of objects under consideration; (ii) perform a multi-stage optimization of objects relative to different criteria; (iii) count the number of optimal objects; (iv) find the set of Pareto optimal points for bi-criteria optimization problems; and (v) to study relationships between two criteria. It considers various applications, including optimization of decision trees and decision rule systems as algorithms for problem solving, as ways for knowledge representation, and as classifiers; optimization of element partition trees for rectangular meshes, which are used in finite element methods for solving PDEs; and multi-stage optimization for such classic combinatorial optimization problems as matrix chain multiplication, binary search trees, global sequence alignment, and shortest paths. The results presented are useful for researchers in combinatorial optimization, data mining, knowledge discovery, machine learning, and finite element methods, especially those working in rough set theory, test theory, logical analysis of data, and PDE solvers. This book can be used as the basis for graduate courses.

The Hidden Land has a lot of twists and turns, the story starts with a peaceful land called Cassandra. Soon, Cassandras residents begin to be abducted by creatures known as Gangrians. A giant with a short temper and to make things worse they have pets called Thoraxs. Now when four teenagers end up in the Gangrians land, Gryon, things get messy and confusing. Two of them are taken by the Gangrians and the other two have to safe them, luckily, a little Gangrian comes to their aid with the ability to speak. With its help and the Betrayers who was the Leader of this land, the two teenagers set out to rescue their friends and also get back the Leadership for the Betrayer who was betrayed himself.

R3v3ng3 is about the story of Tom who just had his parents killed by a dealer and now is out to take revenge on him. But getting to the Dealer isnt going to be as easy as Tom thinks because someone else is teaming up with the dealer and he is a relative to Lauren who Tom wouldnt dream of hurting. So what is Tom going to choose? Avenge his parents or save his love from getting hurt?

Born in the early 80's in Manchester, England, the young boy embarked on a newly found mission to gather his feelings of experiences which would change the way he thought forever. At the early age of 17, he begins his quest to release his first book. He finally completes his first release at the age of 24... Shed a Tear of Inspiration.

As in all specialties, learning in radiology is a life long process but for radiologists in training there is a vast amount of information to assimilate. In this book the authors have compiled 191 cases to help the reader with the practical aspects of image recognition and differential diagnosis. The selection of cases is broad enough to provide an introduction for some readers, with more testing cases for those in the later stages of training. Each self-test case is presented with an image, or set of images, together with the pertinent clinical details. The solution and explanation is presented over the page along with differential diagnoses that logically derive from the images and history. The correct diagnosis is followed by discussion of the underlying problem, strategy points and main imaging findings. The book contains 500 images including X-rays, ultrasound, CT, MRI, interventional techniques and nuclear medicine. It is of value to radiologists in training and other health professionals wishing to improve their radiological skills, and is the first book for the FRCR Part 2B exam.

On-Call Radiology presents case discussions on the most common and important clinical emergencies and their corresponding imaging findings encountered on-call. Cases are divided into thoracic, gastrointestinal and genitourinary, neurological and non-traumatic spinal, paediatric, trauma, interventional and vascular imaging. Iatrogenic complications are also discussed. Each case is presented as a realistic clinical scenario and includes a clinical history and request for imaging. Multi-modality imaging examples and a case discussion on the diagnosis and basic management, with emphasis on important radiological findings, are also presented. This book combines a case-based discussion format with practical advice on imaging decision making in the acute setting. It also offers guidance on radiology report writing and techniques, with a focus on relevant positive and negative findings to pass on to referring clinicians. On-call Radiology offers invaluable knowledge and practical tips for any on-call radiologist.

The Fellowship of the Royal College of Radiologists' Part 2A Examination has undergone significant changes and a new format was initiated in Spring 2004. The multiple choice question examination has now been divided into six system modules and contains questions on anatomy, physics and techniques. The exam format underwent further revision in Winter 2005, implementing an increased emphasis on the cardiothoracic & vascular and paediatrics modules. This MCQ book was written to address all these changes. This book contains 500 multiple choice questions with short answers; all answers are fully referenced allowing for additional reading. Questions are drawn from the most commonly used textbooks, speciality textbooks and current radiology journals, reflecting the current 'hot topics' in radiology. Six mock papers are included which mirror the new and revised exam format. Radiology MCQs for the new FRCR Part 2A is the ideal revision tool for radiology registrars preparing for the newly revised exam.