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Enjoy the amazing aromas and flavors of homemade vegan breads made
entirely with plant-based ingredients, at a fraction of the cost of
store-bought vegan breads. Everyone deserves good homemade bread,
but if you are a vegan or have one in your household, it has long
been challenging to bake a luscious, earthy plant-based loaf to
serve and enjoy, simply because so many breads and flavored breads
contain animal products like eggs, milk, cream, and butter. Vegan
baking has seen great improvements in recent years, however, and
the tide has turned. In more than 70 recipes that range from the
familiar and kid-friendly to the rustic and artisanal, celebrated
vegan blogger Shane Martin reveals how fun and delectable it is to
bake vegan breads. With everyday sandwich loaves and elegant
French- and Italian-inspired artisan rounds and loaves, and with
lots of sweet or cheesy filled breads and quick breads, Baking
Vegan Bread at Home serves up a feast of honest and healthy
homemade goodness. It includes: Â Family-style loaves from
whole wheat and white to rye, pumpernickel, and sourdough Artisan
breads like focaccia, ciabatta, challah, baguettes, and boules
Amazing flavored breads made with fruits, veggies, nuts, seeds,
and, best of all, chocolate! Muffins, scones, pancakes,
waffles, and donuts for breakfast, brunch, or snacks ​Biscuits,
buns, rolls, crackers, pitas, pizza doughs, and cornbread With lots
of tips and tricks for making plant-based breads as good as or
better than the “originals,” this pathbreaking book will have
you baking deeply flavorful and incredibly healthy vegan breads in
no time.
Parliamentary questions are a feature of almost all national
legislatures. Despite this, we know very little about how questions
are used by MPs and what impact questions have on controlling the
government. This volume advances our theoretical and empirical
knowledge of the use of questioning in a number of different
parliamentary settings. The propensity of parliamentarians to ask
questions indicates that the interrogatories are an important tool
for measuring an individual legislator's job. Ultimately, how a
parliamentarian chooses to use the questioning tool provides a
unique insight into legislator behaviour and role orientation. Many
of the chapters in this volume provide new empirical measures of
legislator activity and use this data to provide new tests of
leading theories of legislator behaviour. At an institutional
level, questions provide an important source of information for the
chamber and are a critical tool of government oversight - as many
of the chapters in the volume indicate. Evidence of the impact of
questions on executive and bureaucratic oversight challenges
conventional views of parliaments as weak and ineffective parts of
the political process. This book was published as a special issue
of the Journal of Legislative Studies.
Parliamentary questions are a feature of almost all national
legislatures. Despite this, we know very little about how questions
are used by MPs and what impact questions have on controlling the
government. This volume advances our theoretical and empirical
knowledge of the use of questioning in a number of different
parliamentary settings. The propensity of parliamentarians to ask
questions indicates that the interrogatories are an important tool
for measuring an individual legislator's job. Ultimately, how a
parliamentarian chooses to use the questioning tool provides a
unique insight into legislator behaviour and role orientation. Many
of the chapters in this volume provide new empirical measures of
legislator activity and use this data to provide new tests of
leading theories of legislator behaviour. At an institutional
level, questions provide an important source of information for the
chamber and are a critical tool of government oversight - as many
of the chapters in the volume indicate. Evidence of the impact of
questions on executive and bureaucratic oversight challenges
conventional views of parliaments as weak and ineffective parts of
the political process. This book was published as a special issue
of the Journal of Legislative Studies.
By whatever name they are known (Parliaments, Legislatures, or
Assemblies, to name but three) legislative assemblies in democratic
societies face the twin challenges of institutional capacity and
accountability to their citizens. In addressing these challenges,
assemblies vary in the extent to which they serve the respective
interests of three critical sets of actors: their members, party
leaders, and voters. In this book, Shane Martin and Kaare W. Strøm
identify three ideal types of democratic assemblies - the members'
assembly, the leaders' assembly, and the voters' assembly - and
analyze national legislative assemblies in the world's 68 most
populous democracies, from Finland to Papua New Guinea, in light of
these models. Based on extensive new cross-national data, they
trace the implications of the three assembly types for the design,
internal organization, resources, and powers of democratic national
assemblies, develop indices of each assembly type, and score each
of the 68 legislative assemblies on these indices. The analysis of
legislative re-election rates in these countries reveals that the
fate of incumbents depends on member resources as well as on
leadership control, but is ultimately constrained by voter
confidence. In conclusion, the authors discuss the past and future
trajectories of legislative assemblies, including their
susceptibility to democratic backsliding.
By whatever name they are known (Parliaments, Legislatures, or
Assemblies, to name but three) legislative assemblies in democratic
societies face the twin challenges of institutional capacity and
accountability to their citizens. In addressing these challenges,
assemblies vary in the extent to which they serve the respective
interests of three critical sets of actors: their members, party
leaders, and voters. In this book, Shane Martin and Kaare W. Strøm
identify three ideal types of democratic assemblies - the members'
assembly, the leaders' assembly, and the voters' assembly - and
analyze national legislative assemblies in the world's 68 most
populous democracies, from Finland to Papua New Guinea, in light of
these models. Based on extensive new cross-national data, they
trace the implications of the three assembly types for the design,
internal organization, resources, and powers of democratic national
assemblies, develop indices of each assembly type, and score each
of the 68 legislative assemblies on these indices. The analysis of
legislative re-election rates in these countries reveals that the
fate of incumbents depends on member resources as well as on
leadership control, but is ultimately constrained by voter
confidence. In conclusion, the authors discuss the past and future
trajectories of legislative assemblies, including their
susceptibility to democratic backsliding.
This book will take the reader on a journey through the Bible
explaining life, death, Heaven and Hell in a simple way.
Legislatures are political bodies essential to democracy and the
rule of law. They present social scientists with numerous
intriguing puzzles, with far-reaching implications for our
understanding of political institutions. Why, and how, have these
ancient assemblies, established in pre-democratic times, survived
the transition to mass democracies? How have they adapted? How do
they structure such processes as budgeting, legislation, and
executive oversight? How do their members get selected, and what
consequences flow from differences in these rules? What roles do
committees and political parties play in contemporary legislatures?
What functions do legislatures perform in autocratic,
semi-democratic or recently democratized societies? What explains
the similarities and differences in legislative rules, powers and
recruitment? What are the policy and other consequences of
variation in how legislatures are organized and function? The 33
chapters in The Oxford Handbook of Legislative Studies, written by
47 of the most distinguished legislative scholars, provide a
comprehensive and up-to-date description and assessment of the
state of the art in legislative studies. Key themes explored
include theoretical paradigms and methodological approaches to the
study of legislatures, representation and legislative careers,
internal organization, the role of parties within legislatures and
the role of legislatures in policy making and accountability. The
Handbook also explores the emergence of parliaments in historical
and contemporary contexts, including new democracies and
trans-national institutions.
Parliaments and Government Formation explores the role of national
legislatures in shaping government formation in parliamentary
regimes. Under parliamentarism, the government comes from, and
remains responsible to, the national parliament. Yet, although
legislatures and the politics of government formation are two of
the most studied phenomenon in comparative politics, relatively
little attention has focused on the degree to which parliamentary
rules and procedures impact government formation. For instance,
exactly what does 'come from parliament' mean in the context of
government formation? To answer this question, the volume seeks to
'unpack' the parliamentary investiture vote. Investiture consists
of a vote in parliament to demonstrate that an already formed or
about to be formed government has legislative support. The volume
analyses investiture along six dimensions: (1) the number of
chambers involved in government formation, (2) the exact topic of
any investiture vote - for example whether the votes focuses on one
or more of the prime ministership, the cabinet and/or the
government's policy program, (3) the sequencing and timing of the
vote in the overall game of government formation, (4) the decision
rule - for example absolute majority, simple or some form of
negative parliamentarism, (5) the number of rounds provided for,
and (6) what happens in the event of a failure to invest a
government. Each of the 16 case studies, written by leading
scholars of legislative politics in their respective polities,
seeks to describe the institutional rules and practices and analyse
their origins and consequences. These case studies are supplemented
with two comparative chapters.
Legislatures are political bodies essential to democracy and the
rule of law. They present social scientists with numerous
intriguing puzzles, with far-reaching implications for our
understanding of political institutions. Why, and how, have these
ancient assemblies, established in pre-democratic times, survived
the transition to mass democracies? How have they adapted? How do
they structure such processes as budgeting, legislation, and
executive oversight? How do their members get selected, and what
consequences flow from differences in these rules? What roles do
committees and political parties play in contemporary legislatures?
What functions do legislatures perform in autocratic,
semi-democratic or recently democratized societies? What explains
the similarities and differences in legislative rules, powers and
recruitment? What are the policy and other consequences of
variation in how legislatures are organized and function? The 33
chapters in The Oxford Handbook of Legislative Studies, written by
47 of the most distinguished legislative scholars, provide a
comprehensive and up-to-date description and assessment of the
state of the art in legislative studies. Key themes explored
include theoretical paradigms and methodological approaches to the
study of legislatures, representation and legislative careers,
internal organization, the role of parties within legislatures and
the role of legislatures in policy making and accountability. The
Handbook also explores the emergence of parliaments in historical
and contemporary contexts, including new democracies and
trans-national institutions.
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