Braiding is a very old textile manufacturing technology that traditionally has been used to produce items like ropes, shoe laces, and cables. Recently, braiding has gained attention in the medical, aerospace, transportation, and civil engineering communities, among others, due to its ability to produce structures that can fulfill the explicit demands imposed by these technical sectors. Braided Structures and Composites: Production, Properties, Mechanics, and Technical Applications provides a single source of cutting-edge information on braiding and its applications. Featuring chapters authored by leading experts in their respective fields, this first-of-its-kind book: Explains the basic principles of braiding technology for industrial textiles, composites, and products Identifies the key parameters that influence the braiding process and its produced structures Shows how to control these parameters to achieve the desired material characteristics Discusses braided structure modeling and analysis techniques and software tools Describes various application requirements and their design solutions Braided Structures and Composites: Production, Properties, Mechanics, and Technical Applications supplies a critical understanding of braiding from concept to product design and application. This book is vital to the development of multifunctional products with highly specific features using braiding technology.

This book is a collection of high quality research and review papers submitted to the 1st World Conference on Advanced Materials for Defense (AUXDEFENSE 2018). A wide range of topics related to the defense area such as ballistic protection, impact and energy absorption, composite materials, smart materials and structures, nanomaterials and nano structures, CBRN protection, thermoregulation, camouflage, auxetic materials, and monitoring systems is covered. Written by the leading experts in these subjects, this work discusses both technological advances in terms of materials as well as product designing, analysis as well as case studies. This volume will prove to be a valuable resource for researchers and scientists from different engineering disciplines such as materials science, chemical engineering, biological sciences, textile engineering, mechanical engineering, environmental science, and nanotechnology.

This book is a collection of high quality research and review papers submitted to the 1st World Conference on Advanced Materials for Defense (AUXDEFENSE 2018). A wide range of topics related to the defense area such as ballistic protection, impact and energy absorption, composite materials, smart materials and structures, nanomaterials and nano structures, CBRN protection, thermoregulation, camouflage, auxetic materials, and monitoring systems is covered. Written by the leading experts in these subjects, this work discusses both technological advances in terms of materials as well as product designing, analysis as well as case studies. This volume will prove to be a valuable resource for researchers and scientists from different engineering disciplines such as materials science, chemical engineering, biological sciences, textile engineering, mechanical engineering, environmental science, and nanotechnology.

This book presents selected high-quality research papers submitted to ICNF 2017, the 3rd International Conference on Natural Fibers, which was held in Braga, Portugal, on 21-23 June 2017. It discusses the latest research and developments in the field and covers a wide range of topics related to various aspects of natural-fiber composites, such as production and processing of raw materials, surface modification and functionalization, advanced fibrous structures for composites, nano fibers, experimental characterization, modeling and analysis, design and product development, applications, market potential, and environmental impacts. The book presents the latest research work addressing different approaches and techniques to improve processing, performance, functionalities and cost-effectiveness of natural-fibers composites, in order to increase their applications in different industrial sectors such as automobiles, transportation, construction, and sport. & nbsp;

This book focuses on the fibers and textiles used in composite materials. It presents both existing technologies currently used in commercial applications and the latest advanced research and developments. It also discusses the different fiber forms and architectures, such as short fibers, unidirectional tows, directionally oriented structures or advanced 2D- and 3D-textile structures that are used in composite materials. In addition, it examines various synthetic, natural and metallic fibers that are used to reinforce polymeric, cementitious and metallic matrices, as well as fiber properties, special functionalities, manufacturing processes, and composite processing and properties. Two entire chapters are dedicated to advanced nanofiber and nanotube reinforced composite materials. The book goes on to highlight different surface treatments and finishes that are applied to improve fiber/matrix interfaces and other essential composite properties. Although a great deal of information about fibers and textile structures used for composite applications is already available, this is the only book currently available that discusses all types of fibers and structures used to reinforce polymers, cement, metal or soil to improve their general performance and multi-functional behaviors. As such, it fills an important gap in the available literature and provides a valuable resource for a wide range of students and researchers from academia and industry.

This book presents selected high-quality research papers submitted to ICNF 2017, the 3rd International Conference on Natural Fibers, which was held in Braga, Portugal, on 21-23 June 2017. It discusses the latest research and developments in the field and covers a wide range of topics related to various aspects of natural-fiber composites, such as production and processing of raw materials, surface modification and functionalization, advanced fibrous structures for composites, nano fibers, experimental characterization, modeling and analysis, design and product development, applications, market potential, and environmental impacts. The book presents the latest research work addressing different approaches and techniques to improve processing, performance, functionalities and cost-effectiveness of natural-fibers composites, in order to increase their applications in different industrial sectors such as automobiles, transportation, construction, and sport. & nbsp;

This book focuses on the fibers and textiles used in composite materials. It presents both existing technologies currently used in commercial applications and the latest advanced research and developments. It also discusses the different fiber forms and architectures, such as short fibers, unidirectional tows, directionally oriented structures or advanced 2D- and 3D-textile structures that are used in composite materials. In addition, it examines various synthetic, natural and metallic fibers that are used to reinforce polymeric, cementitious and metallic matrices, as well as fiber properties, special functionalities, manufacturing processes, and composite processing and properties. Two entire chapters are dedicated to advanced nanofiber and nanotube reinforced composite materials. The book goes on to highlight different surface treatments and finishes that are applied to improve fiber/matrix interfaces and other essential composite properties. Although a great deal of information about fibers and textile structures used for composite applications is already available, this is the only book currently available that discusses all types of fibers and structures used to reinforce polymers, cement, metal or soil to improve their general performance and multi-functional behaviors. As such, it fills an important gap in the available literature and provides a valuable resource for a wide range of students and researchers from academia and industry.

Braiding is a very old textile manufacturing technology that traditionally has been used to produce items like ropes, shoe laces, and cables. Recently, braiding has gained attention in the medical, aerospace, transportation, and civil engineering communities, among others, due to its ability to produce structures that can fulfill the explicit demands imposed by these technical sectors. Braided Structures and Composites: Production, Properties, Mechanics, and Technical Applications provides a single source of cutting-edge information on braiding and its applications. Featuring chapters authored by leading experts in their respective fields, this first-of-its-kind book: Explains the basic principles of braiding technology for industrial textiles, composites, and products Identifies the key parameters that influence the braiding process and its produced structures Shows how to control these parameters to achieve the desired material characteristics Discusses braided structure modeling and analysis techniques and software tools Describes various application requirements and their design solutions Braided Structures and Composites: Production, Properties, Mechanics, and Technical Applications supplies a critical understanding of braiding from concept to product design and application. This book is vital to the development of multifunctional products with highly specific features using braiding technology.

This book aims to assess the roles of entrepreneurship and social innovation for socio-cultural changes. It also evaluates farmers' performance in disaster risk management at a community level toward sustainable regional development in a rural haor region of Bangladesh. To achieve the purpose of the research, both a qualitative method (Trajectory Equifinality Modeling, TEM) and a quantitative method (Structural Equation Modeling, SEM) are introduced, based on the results of case studies on local entrepreneurs, interview and focus group discussions with stakeholders, and questionnaire surveys of farm households. First, the results clarify that social capital is critically important both for male and female entrepreneurs in the haor region, and that education is more important to women for empowerment and technology adoption in the entrepreneurial ecosystem in the haor region of Bangladesh. In addition, it makes clear that the Common Interest Group approach plays a role for women's empowerment in the target region. Furthermore, it identifies the multi-causal relationships among the factors affecting farm households' performance in disaster risk management at the community level. This book helps readers to understand regional development through social and cultural transformation in a rural community where poverty and gender discrimination are path-dependent problems.

Ever wondered why a particular type of fibre is used for a certain application? Readers of this book will gain an appreciation of the answer to this question and more through understanding the chemistry behind the properties of the fibres. Providing a comprehensive overview of the various types of textile fibres that are available today, ranging from natural fibres to high-performance fibres that are very technologically advanced, the book is a revised and updated new edition of a highly successful text. Textiles are ubiquitous materials that many of us take for granted in our everyday lives. We rely on our clothes to protect us from the environment and use them to enhance our appearance. Textiles also find applications in transport, healthcare, construction and many other industries. The third edition of The Chemistry of Textile Fibres updates a significant amount of the information provided in the previous editions, such as the synthesis from renewable resources of monomers for producing synthetic fibres, emerging applications of nanofibres, production of electrically conducting fibres incorporating graphene and carbon nanotubes, and nano-finishing of textiles. It also gives greater emphasis to those aspects of textile chemistry that combat adverse environmental impact, including the chemical decomposition of synthetic polymers and strategies to reduce the damaging impact of microfibers. It introduces the production of micro- and nanomaterials from cellulose as an alternative to relatively toxic and non-ecofriendly micro- and nanomaterials produced from other sources, together with the bio-functionalisation of textiles. Students following A level courses or equivalent and first-year undergraduate students reading textile technology subjects at university will find this book a valuable source of information.

Advanced Knitting Technology provides complete coverage of the latest innovations and developments in knitting technology, including emerging methods as well as the latest best practice for classical processes. Many technologies can be used for the production of cloth such as weaving, knitting, nonwoven, and braiding. Knitting methods are being selected for a growing range of applications due to the spectacular properties of knitted fabric, such as softer tactile quality, higher stretchability, bulkiness, and functional properties that compare favorably with other woven fabrics. Beyond the well-known apparel applications, specially designed knitted structures are uniquely suitable for high performance applications like reinforcement for composites, medical implants, and geotextiles. This book presents recent advances in knitting technology, including structures, properties and applications of knitted fabrics in modern apparel, activewear, composites, medical textiles, and geotextiles. With reference to the latest industry practice, testing, quality and process control methods for knitting technologies are discussed. Advanced Knitting Technology covers recent advances in knitting technology, properties and performance of knitted structures, their applications in apparel and technical fields.

Advanced Composite Materials for Aerospace Engineering: Processing, Properties and Applications predominately focuses on the use of advanced composite materials in aerospace engineering. It discusses both the basic and advanced requirements of these materials for various applications in the aerospace sector, and includes discussions on all the main types of commercial composites that are reviewed and compared to those of metals. Various aspects, including the type of fibre, matrix, structure, properties, modeling, and testing are considered, as well as mechanical and structural behavior, along with recent developments. There are several new types of composite materials that have huge potential for various applications in the aerospace sector, including nanocomposites, multiscale and auxetic composites, and self-sensing and self-healing composites, each of which is discussed in detail. The book's main strength is its coverage of all aspects of the topics, including materials, design, processing, properties, modeling and applications for both existing commercial composites and those currently under research or development. Valuable case studies provide relevant examples of various product designs to enhance learning.

Multi-functionality is, now-a-days, an essential requirement for composite materials to apply them in different advanced sectors such as aerospace industries, automobiles, structural and infrastructural applications, etc. In this context, this book deals with the processing and properties of carbon nanofibre and nanotube based multi-functional composites. Divided in to seven chapters, the book presents the latest state of the art in this area, research findings and discussion on the dispersion of vapor-grown carbon nanofibres and single-walled carbon nanotubes within epoxy matrix, properties of nano dispersed epoxy, processing and properties of three phase carbon/epoxy composites developed using nano-dispersed matrix, functionalization of nanofibre and nanotube for better dispersion and good interface, and finally the summary and conclusions. The research presented in this book suggests the efficient routes for dispersing carbon nanofibre and nanotube within epoxy matrix and, the optimized process conditions and nanomaterial concentrations for successful development of carbon/epoxy three phase multi-functional composites.

The book "A Basic Reader on Phonetics: in an Acoustic Phonetic Perspective" deals with the most basic knowledge on speech sounds in linguistics. This book is an introduction to phonetics, the description and classification of the sounds of speech. This accessible textbook provides a clear and practical introduction to phonetics designed for students with only a basic knowledge of linguistics following a step-by step teaching strategies. The book is divided into two distinct chapters to aid in student comprehension. The first section provides an introduction to the phonetic including definition, scope and other related area like classification of vowel, classification of consonant, different airstream mechanism......etc. The second chapter provides a complete overview of acoustic phonetics with special reference to human in their speech behavior. This book remains the most practical guide for scholars and teachers also who wish to have a better understanding of research in phonetics especially acoustic phonetics; are discussed at a level that is understandable and useful to the learner consumer.

The purpose of the present work was to design & evaluate sustained release tablets of Nifedipine, employing hydrophilic polymer to improve dissolution rates of the drug. METHOCEL K15MCR & METHOCEL K100LVCR were used in tablets prepared by direct compression. The formulated tablets were physicochemically characterized & results were found in acceptable limits. Poor aqueous solubility of Nifedipine leads to variable dissolution rates. The main effect & interaction terms were quantitatively evaluated using mathematical models. Dissolution data were fitted to zero order, first order, Higuchi's, Korsmeyer-Peppas & Hixson-Crowell release kinetics to evaluate kinetic data. The drug release data fit well to the Higuchi expression, but a close relationship was also noted with zero order kinetics. Korsmeyer's plot indicated that the drug release mechanism from the matrix tablet was to be found Fickian mechanism. Regulated drug release study indicate that the matrix tablets of Nifedipine prepared using above polymers can successfully be employed as twice-a-day oral controlled release dosage form.

Trichosanthes dioica Roxb. (Family: Cucurbitaceae) (Pointed gourd), locally known as Patal, is a widely consumed summer cucurbit vegetable in Bangladesh. Traditionally this plant is used as a febrifuge and tonic in liver enlargement and jaundice. It is also used in gastrointestinal disorders in alternative medicine. In order to justify and authenticate traditional uses of this plant the present study was undertaken to examine the antioxidant, antimicrobial, cytotoxic and antidiarrhoeal activities of four solvent extracts (pet ether, ethyl acetate, methanol and water) of the aerial parts of T. dioica. The results of the present study reveal that the plant possesses antioxidant, antimicrobial and antidiarrhoeal properties.

Bangladesh is one of the most densely populated countries in the world where women comprise almost 50% of the total population, of whom around 80 percent live in the rural areas. Most women in the rural areas are treated as vulnerable and poorest of the rural poor. In this context the women are largely involved in income generating activities to promote economic growth and social transformation. Over the last two decades a number of non government organizations (NGOs) have emerged in Bangladesh to support the rural poor women by providing them with collateral fee small loans. With that loan they encourages the micro entrepreneurship like poultry, livestock rearing, small verities shop, tea stall, hand looms, handicrafts and transport van. Women involvement in microfinance organization and their entrepreneurship activities makes them financially empowered.

Musa sapientum L. ssp. sylvestris (Family: Musaceae) is a popular edible fruit. Traditionally it has been used to treat intestinal disorders such as diarrhoea and dysentery. This book presents the research carried out on the methanolic extracts of Musa sapientum L. ssp. sylvestris fruit's peel, pulp and seed for potential antioxidant, antidiarrhoeal, antimicrobial, cytotoxic and neuropharmacological activities. It also includes review of previous research works on different plants of Musa genus. In this work, the extracts exhibited promising antidiarrhoeal, antioxidant and neuropharmacological activities. The results of antimicrobial and cytotoxicity tests also support the antidiarrhoeal activity. These results justify and validate the folkloric uses of the fruit in intestinal disorders.

India is a vast country where many culture, religion and lots of languages makes it amazing. So, the country like India you may found a lots of language diversity. The book, The Linguistics Research in India: is the first Vol published in July 2011, contains total 10 research papers collected from various Indian universities from various scholars. Some of them are already in a renowned position at various universities especially in Gulf and remaining scholars are currently doing their research in the Department of Linguistics. Here author tried to make get in touch with these scholars in all over the world by their thoughts with other scholars. We earnestly hope that this Volume will help them to come in touch with each other and can get help from various new and current research topics. Scholars also can get the ideas that what is Linguistics, how to write research paper and what it means by Indian research in linguistics.

This study summarizes the existing management system of Beel Kendua practiced by different agencies. Here special attention has been given to the management activities initiated by the NGOs. An inventory of various problems related to management aspects has attached in this study. A detailed survey has been carried out to know the natural resource base of Beel Kendua through FGDs of the wetland community. Some case studies are also undertaken to portray the existing livelihood pattern of the rural community living surrounding to Beel Kendua. Some future measures are also provided with concluding remarks at the end of the study report for sustainable management practices of Beel Kendua.

The present research is an attempt to investigate "Conversational Cloze Test" (CCT). The main focus of the present study is on measuring the students' ability of English language in the schools of West Bengal. In West Bengal both English and Bengali medium schools are available and therefore the present study attempts to analyse the students' level of achievement in English and Bengali languages in English and Bengali medium schools. We earnestly hope that the findings of the present study will help in redesigning the curriculum of English language teaching, and mother tongue teaching in the schools of West Bengal. The present study critically reviews the current English language teaching methodologies used in the Bengali medium school.