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This important book synthesizes the most recent research findings pertaining to drug treatments of various psychiatric disorders in children, including attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder, obsessive-compulsive disorder, major depression, schizophrenia, bipolar mania, aggression in pervasive developmental disorder, Tourette's syndrome, and substance abuse. The chapters examine the issues of tolerability and efficacy, and inappropriate over-use, within a social and developmental context. For each disorder, pharmacotherapy is discussed in the wider context of neurobiology, etiology, diagnosis, and treatment.
The realisation that most mental disorders have their onset before
the age of twenty-five has focused psychiatric research towards
adolescent mental health. This book provides vivid examples of
school mental health innovations from eighteen countries,
addressing mental health promotion and interventions. These
initiatives and innovations enable readers from different regions
and disciplines to apply strategies to help students achieve and
maintain mental health, enhance their learning outcomes and access
services, worldwide. Through case studies of existing programs,
such as the integrated system of care approach in the USA, the
school-based pathway to care framework in Canada, the therapeutic
school consultation approach in Turkey and the REACH model in
Singapore, it highlights challenges and solutions to building
initiatives, even when resources are scarce. This will be essential
reading for educators, health providers, policy makers, researchers
and other stakeholders engaged in helping students achieve mental
health and enhance their learning outcomes.
Humans have a very prolonged period of postnatal development. Many
believe that development is essentially complete by adulthood;
however, this is not the case. Extensive developmental events occur
within the brain during adolescence, and some of these do not reach
completion until the fourth decade of life, especially within
regions of the brain that play an important role in cognitive
functioning and cognitive-emotional integration, such as the
prefrontal cortex. The realization that our brains continue to
change their functional capacity up into the thirties has many
important implications related to health, education, and legal
policies. Furthermore, this notion should be incorporated into
research in the rapidly expanding field of epigenetics, which aims
to examine the gene-environment interaction in developing
individuals and the mechanisms by which environmental factors can
steer developmental processes toward specific outcomes. Here, we
will review what is known about adolescent/young adult brain
development and examine how it relates to ongoing behavioral
changes. Additionally, we will attempt to identify factors that
make an individual more vulnerable or resistant to developing
psychological disorders. Finally, we will discuss innovative mental
health treatment strategies that are being developed to increase
adolescent resilience, and we will suggest ways to promote
adolescent/young adult resilience in the community.
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