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The term "electrophoresis" was first used by Michaelis in 1909, to
- scribe the migration of colloids in an electric field. The first
practical elect- phoresis method was described by Tiselius in 1937.
He used a U-tube filled with buffer layered on top of sample;
migration could be monitored using Schlieren optics. In zone
electrophoresis, the U-tube was replaced by paper, a support
material employed simply to prevent or minimize diffusion of ions,
so that ions applied in a narrow strip to the paper will separate
and remain as relatively discrete zones. Paper was superceded by a
variety of other media, - cluding cellulose acetate, hydrolyzed
starch (starch gel), agarose, and polyacry- mide. The latter, in
addition to being a support medium, has size-sieving properties.
From the basic zone electrophoresis, other means of separation have
been dev- oped. These include, isoelectric focusing,
isotachophoresis, density gradient el- trophoresis, and various
forms of immunoelectrophoresis. In some ways Capillary
Electrophoresis (CE) has gone full circle back to the original
method of Tiselius. In its simplest form, separations occur in a
buffer solution within a glass (fused silica) tube and detection
occurs as sample moves past an optical window. CE has rapidly
developed into a technique that rivals HPLC in its versatility. All
the classical electrophoretic separations-zone, IEF, and
isotachophoresis-have their counterparts in CE. Excitingly so, and
- thoritatively treated in Clinical Applications of Capillary
Electrophoresis.
The term "electrophoresis" was first used by Michaelis in 1909, to
- scribe the migration of colloids in an electric field. The first
practical elect- phoresis method was described by Tiselius in 1937.
He used a U-tube filled with buffer layered on top of sample;
migration could be monitored using Schlieren optics. In zone
electrophoresis, the U-tube was replaced by paper, a support
material employed simply to prevent or minimize diffusion of ions,
so that ions applied in a narrow strip to the paper will separate
and remain as relatively discrete zones. Paper was superceded by a
variety of other media, - cluding cellulose acetate, hydrolyzed
starch (starch gel), agarose, and polyacry- mide. The latter, in
addition to being a support medium, has size-sieving properties.
From the basic zone electrophoresis, other means of separation have
been dev- oped. These include, isoelectric focusing,
isotachophoresis, density gradient el- trophoresis, and various
forms of immunoelectrophoresis. In some ways Capillary
Electrophoresis (CE) has gone full circle back to the original
method of Tiselius. In its simplest form, separations occur in a
buffer solution within a glass (fused silica) tube and detection
occurs as sample moves past an optical window. CE has rapidly
developed into a technique that rivals HPLC in its versatility. All
the classical electrophoretic separations-zone, IEF, and
isotachophoresis-have their counterparts in CE. Excitingly so, and
- thoritatively treated in Clinical Applications of Capillary
Electrophoresis.
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