Green business is here. It is a multi billion business with enormous growth potential, driven by megatrends such as demographic change, climate change and urbanization. It is driving the transformation of existing businesses and changing the way customers and suppliers act, forcing them to rethink their business strategy.

Mit einer globalen Perspektive und einer Zukunftsvision ist es umso aussichtsreicher, je fruher wir im Marathon der Digitalisierung die Gesetzgebung zu den digitalen Rechten vorantreiben und den Ton fur die Regulierung der Werte von Daten angeben, umso eher werden wir die Gelegenheit haben, durch schrittweise Schaffung der Werte von Daten die Fuhrung zu ubernehmen und in der Folge das Heft in der Hand haben. Wenn Chinas Gesetze in Zukunft weltweit exportiert werden sollen, wird es sich hoechstwahrscheinlich um Gesetze fur die digitale Wirtschaft handeln. Wenn Chinas digitale Wirtschaft eine Fuhrungsrolle in der Welt anstreben soll, mussen vor allem qualitativ hochwertigere, gerechtere und nachhaltigere institutionelle Garantien fur die Datenrechte der verschiedenen Subjekte geschaffen und vollstandige und prazise rechtliche Regelungen fur den digitalen Sektor festgelegt werden.

Nous devrions promouvoir le droit des donnees avec une perspective mondiale orientee vers le futur. Plus tot nous _ xons les valeurs et les normes pour les donnees, plus nous aurons de chance de prendre des avantages et de diriger le processus d'etablissement des valeurs. A l'avenir, le droit en matiere d'economie numerique est le droit chinois qui a le plus de possibilites d'aller a l'international. Dans le meme temps, pour que l'economie numerique chinoise dirige le monde, nous devons respecter les limites, o_ rir des garanties institutionnelles de meilleure qualite, plus equitables et plus durables pour les droits et les interets des donnees des di_ erents sujets, et fournir des regles juridiques completes et precises pour le domaine numerique.

Since its emergence, big data has brought us new forms of energy, technology and means of organization which will generate greater values by crossover, integration, openness and sharing of data. Nevertheless, risks caused by open access and the flow of data also bring us enormous challenges to privacy, business secrets and social and national securities. This raises people's awareness on data sharing, privacy protection and social justice, and becomes a significant governance problem in the world. In order to solve these problems, Data Rights Law 1.0 is innovative in that it proposes a new concept of the "data person". It defines "data rights" as the rights derived from the "data person" and "data rights system" as the order based on "data rights". "Data rights law" is the legal normative formed out of the "data rights system". In this way, the book constructs a legal framework of "data rights-data rights system-data rights law". If data is considered as basic rights, on which new order and laws are to be built, it will bring brand new and profound meaning to future human life.

We are witnessing a worldwide resurgence of reactionary nationalist, religious, racist, and antifeminist ideologies and movements, as well as a rapid process of global de-democratization. Nevertheless, most studies remain tied to a methodological nationalism, while comparative research is almost exclusively limited to European countries and the USA. But authoritarian transformations in the Global South and the struggles against them have not only been at least as dramatic as in the North, they also often date back longer - and have been studied and theorized by Southern scholars for many years. Twenty scholar-activists from the Global South show in their in-depth studies how national processes of authoritarian capitalism have undermined political systems on a global scale.

This perspective of this book views Earth's various layers as a whole system, and tries to understand how to achieve harmony and sustainable development between human society and nature, with the theme of " habitability of the Earth." This book is one effort at providing an overview of some of the recent exciting advances Chinese geoscientists have made. It is the concerted team effort of a group of researchers from diverse backgrounds to generalize their vision for Earth science in the next 10 years. The book is intended for scholars, administrators of the Science and Technology policy department, and science research funding agencies. This is an open access book.

Le droit des donnees, pierre angulaire de la transition d'une societe industrielle a une societe numerique, joue un role particulierement important pour promouvoir la gouvernance mondiale de l'Internet et batir une communaute de destin dans le cyberespace. Dans la continuite de l'ouvrage Loi sur les droits numeriques 1.0: Fondements theoriques, le Droit des donnees 2.0: Construction du systeme de droits propose de maniere innovante le postulat de l'homo numericus, qui elargit le champ de recherche juridique et enrichit la notion de l'homme dans une perspective juridique. L'ouvrage offre une analyse de trois principaux types de droits en matiere de donnees: droits sur les donnees, droit de partage et souverainete des donnees. Il repond aux instructions du president chinois Xi Jinping presentees dans sa lettre de felicitation au " Big Data Expo 2019 ", dans laquelle il a souligne que " nous devrions saisir les opportunites du developpement numerique, connecte et intelligent, bien gerer les defis juridiques, de securite et de gouvernance lies au developpement des megadonnees ".

As of 2021, atmospheric carbon dioxide levels have reached historically unprecedented levels, higher than at any time in the past 800,000 years. Worldwide efforts to reduce emissions by creating a more efficient, carbon-free energy system may not be enough to stabilize the climate and avoid the worst impacts of climate change. Carbon dioxide removal (CDR) strategies, which remove and sequester carbon from the atmosphere, likely will be needed to meet global climate goals. The ocean, covering 70% of the Earth's surface, includes much of the global capacity for natural carbon sequestration; the ocean also holds great potential for uptake and longerterm sequestration of human-produced CO2. This report builds on previous work from the National Academies to assess what is currently known about the benefits, risks, and potential for responsible scale-up of six specific ocean-based CDR strategies as identified by the sponsor, ClimateWorks Foundation. It describes the research needed to advance understanding of those approaches and address knowledge gaps. The resulting research agenda is meant to provide an improved and unbiased knowledge base for the public, stakeholders, and policymakers to make informed decisions on the next steps for ocean CDR, as part of a larger climate mitigation strategy; it is not meant to lock in or advocate for any particular approach. Table of Contents Front Matter Summary 1 Introduction 2 Crosscutting Considerations on Ocean-based CDR R&D 3 Nutrient Fertilization 4 Artificial Upwelling and Downwelling 5 Seaweed Cultivation 6 Recovery of Marine Ecosystems 7 Ocean Alkalinity Enhancement 8 Electrochemical Engineering Approaches 9 Synthesis and Research Strategy References Acronyms and Abbreviations Appendix A: Committee Biographies Appendix B: Workshop and Meeting Public Presentations to the Committee

Green business is here. It is a multi billion business with enormous growth potential, driven by megatrends such as demographic change, climate change and urbanization. It is driving the transformation of existing businesses and changing the way customers and suppliers act, forcing them to rethink their business strategy.

Marine recreational fishing is a popular activity enjoyed by more than 9 million Americans annually and is a driver of the American ocean-or blue-economy. To ensure that fish populations are not overexploited, the NOAA Fisheries' Marine Recreational Information Program (MRIP) monitors recreational catch through a variety of in-person, telephone, mail-in, and other surveys. NOAA Fisheries' management of recreational catch also must take into account annual catch limits (ACLs) established to prevent overfishing for all managed species in federal waters. While MRIP has worked to improve recreational catch surveys over the past decade, the surveys were never designed to meet the demands of in-season management of ACLs. In some cases, estimates of harvest have triggered accountability measures such as early season closures and reductions in future recreational ACLs, which have been a source of contention with the recreational fishing community. This report presents approaches for optimizing MRIP data and complementary data for in-season management and considers alternatives for managing recreational fisheries with ACLs to better serve both social and economic management objectives. Table of Contents Front Matter Summary 1 Introduction 2 The U.S. Fisheries Management and Assessment Framework 3 Existing Recreational Fisheries Surveys and ACL-Based Fisheries Management 4 Optimizing Use of MRIP Data and Complementary Data for In-Season Management 5 Alternative Management Strategies for Recreational Fisheries Appendix A: Multiple-Frame Methods Appendix B: Leveraging Covariances and Conditionals Appendix C: Contemporaneous Correlation SUR Model Appendix D: Bayesian Methods Appendix E: Rare-Event Species: Normal or Poisson? Appendix F: Rare-Event Species: Inverse Sampling Appendix G: Rare-Event Species: Uninformative Priors and Bayes' Rule Appendix H: Defining and Managing Outliers in MRIP Output: An Order Statistics Approach

In 2000, the nation's next-generation National Polar-orbiting Operational Environmental Satellite System (NPOESS) program anticipated purchasing six satellites for $6.5 billion, with a first launch in 2008. By November 2005, however, it became apparent that NPOESS would overrun its cost estimates by at least 25 percent. In June 2006, the planned acquisition of six spacecraft was reduced to four, the launch of the first spacecraft was delayed until 2013, and several sensors were canceled or descoped in capability.
Based on information gathered at a June 2007 workshop, "Options to Ensure the Climate Record from the NPOESS and GOES-R Spacecraft," this book prioritizes capabilities, especially those related to climate research, that were lost or placed at risk following the 2006 changes.
This book presents and recommends a prioritized, short-term strategy for recovery of crucial climate capabilities lost in the NPOESS and GOES-R program descopes. However, mitigation of these recent losses is only the first step in establishing a viable long-term climate strategy-one that builds on the lessons learned from the well-intentioned but poorly executed merger of the nation's weather and climate observation systems.

Landslides occur in all geographic regions of the nation in response to a wide range of conditions and triggering processes that include storms, earthquakes, and human activities. Landslides in the United States result in an estimated average of 25 to 50 deaths annually and cost $1 to 3 billion per year. In addition to direct losses, landslides also cause significant environmental damage and societal disruption. Partnerships for Reducing Landslide Risk reviews the U.S. Geological Survey's (USGS)National Landslide Hazards Mitigation Strategy, which was created in response to a congressional directive for a national approach to reducing losses from landslides. Components of the strategy include basic research activities, improved public policy measures, and enhanced mitigation of landslides. This report commends the USGS for creating a national approach based on partnerships with federal, state, local, and non-governmental entities, and finds that the plan components are the essential elements of a national strategy. Partnerships for Reducing Landslide Risk recommends that the plan should promote the use of risk analysis techniques, and should play a vital role in evaluating methods, setting standards, and advancing procedures and guidelines for landslide hazard maps and assessments. This report suggests that substantially increased funding will be required to implement a national landslide mitigation program, and that as part of a 10-year program the funding mix should transition from research and guideline development to partnership-based implementation of loss reduction measures. Table of Contents Front Matter Executive Summary 1 Introduction 2 Research Priorities in Landslide Science 3 Landslide Mapping and Monitoring 4 Landslide Loss and Risk Assessment 5 Loss Reduction Strategies 6 Public Awareness, Education, and Capacity Building 7 A National Partnership Plan--Roles, Responsibilities, and Coordination 8 Funding Priorities for a National Program--Realizing the Vision 9 Conclusions and Recommendations References Appendix A: Case Studies--A Widespread Problem Appendix B: Committee Biographies Appendix C: Acronyms

From the interior of the Sun, to the upper atmosphere and near-space environment of Earth, and outward to a region far beyond Pluto where the Sun's influence wanes, advances during the past decade in space physics and solar physics--the disciplines NASA refers to as heliophysics--have yielded spectacular insights into the phenomena that affect our home in space. Solar and Space Physics, from the National Research Council's (NRC's) Committee for a Decadal Strategy in Solar and Space Physics, is the second NRC decadal survey in heliophysics. Building on the research accomplishments realized during the past decade, the report presents a program of basic and applied research for the period 2013-2022 that will improve scientific understanding of the mechanisms that drive the Sun's activity and the fundamental physical processes underlying near-Earth plasma dynamics, determine the physical interactions of Earth's atmospheric layers in the context of the connected Sun-Earth system, and enhance greatly the capability to provide realistic and specific forecasts of Earth's space environment that will better serve the needs of society. Although the recommended program is directed primarily at NASA and the National Science Foundation for action, the report also recommends actions by other federal agencies, especially the parts of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration charged with the day-to-day (operational) forecast of space weather. In addition to the recommendations included in this summary, related recommendations are presented in this report.