Plants have vital role in the lives of Humans, especially Cereal crops are important source of food for Human and other animals. Some environmental factor limiting the yield of these commercially important plants, heat stress is one of these factors. Now there is need to produce the more yield of the plants under limiting environmental conditions to fulfill the requirements of humans and other animals by producing the research techniques. The present book describes the environmental heat stress impacts on the plants especially on maize. Heat stress effects the morphology, physiology and reducing the yield of the maize crop. Plants adapt different methods to cope with the heat stress condition, heat stress produce reactive oxygen species that retards the plants growth. Heat shock protein development has been found in tolerant plants. Different osmoprotectants are used as priming and foliar treatments to improve the crop's growth and yield.

Undoubtedly, plant breeders have made considerable achievement in the past few years in improving salinity tolerance in some potential crops using artificial selection and conventional breeding approaches as well as molecular biology approaches, but to a substantial improvement in salinity tolerance in crops is still an important challenge to agricultural scientists. Of the various plant responses to salt stress, the phenomenon of accumulation of organic compounds of low molecular weight collectively known as compatible solutes, has been much focused by the plant scientists in the last decade. This phenomenon helps the plant to become acclimated to stressful environment. Furthermore, exogenous application of compatible solutes such as glycinebetaine (GB) to plants growing under saline conditions is a novel approach to ameliorate salt induced reduction in growth and yield. . In view of considerable importance of spring wheat as a major staple food crop of many countries and its sensitivity to salt stress, it was selected for the discussion.