This book originated from an awareness of the persistent lack of knowledge supporting a more respectful reception and approach to the youngest in our changing societies. It follows initiatives of networks of researchers from several countries, sharing insights from current studies carried out in their different cultures. Introduced by a state of art review-like chapter on birth to 3 literature, the book, which can be pictured as a composition, begins with a journey inside the creativity of these young persons and a picture of a companionable learning. It deals with the role of the spatial and physical dimensions of the setting and pictures how the educator can create meaningful participation and launch early exercises in democracy, with respect for diversities. It provides a deeper understanding of a pedagogical accompaniment based on 'participatory alliance' and of the development of communication and language. The text will be a useful addition to researchers, practitioners, and other stakeholders. This book was originally published as a special issue of the European Early Childhood Education Research Journal.