The chapters in this volume describe bottom-up strategies and chronicle cutting-edge advances from several of the world's leading laboratories engaged in the development of molecular machines. The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 2016 was awarded jointly to Jean-Pierre Sauvage, Sir J. Fraser Stoddart and Bernard L. Feringa "for the design and synthesis of molecular machines". Both Jean-Pierre Sauvage and Sir J. Fraser Stoddart have also contributed to this book.