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Vitalism is understood as impacting the history of the life
sciences, medicine and philosophy, representing an epistemological
challenge to the dominance of mechanism over the last 200 years,
and partly revived with organicism in early theoretical biology.
The contributions in this volume portray the history of vitalism
from the end of the Enlightenment to the modern day, suggesting
some reassessment of what it means both historically and
conceptually. As such it includes a wide range of material,
employing both historical and philosophical methodologies, and it
is divided fairly evenly between 19th and 20th century historical
treatments and more contemporary analysis. This volume presents a
significant contribution to the current literature in the history
and philosophy of science and the history of medicine.
In Subversive Spinoza, Antonio Negri spells out the philosophical
credo that inspired his radical renewal of Marxism and his
compelling analysis of the modern state and the global economy by
means of an inspiring reading of the challenging metaphysics of the
seventeenth-century Dutch-Jewish philosopher Spinoza. For Negri,
Spinoza's philosophy has never been more relevant than it is today
to debates over individuality and community, democracy and
resistance, and modernity and postmodernity. This collection of
essays extends, clarifies and revises the argument of Negri's
influential 1981 book 'The Savage Anomaly: The Power of Spinoza's
Metaphysics and Politics' and links it directly to his recent work
on constituent power, time and empire. -- .
Where do you begin to look for a recent, authoritative article on
the diag nosis or management of a particular malignancy? The few
general oncology textbooks are generally out of date. Single papers
in specialized journals are informative but seldom comprehensive;
these are more often preliminary reports on a very limited number
of patients. Certain general journals fre quently publish good
in-depth reviews of cancer topics, and published sym posium
lectures are often the best overviews available. Unfortunately,
these reviews and supplements appear sporadically, and the reader
can never be sure when a topic of special interest will be covered.
Cancer Treatment and Research is a series of authoritative volumes
which aim to meet this need. It is an attempt to establish a
critical mass of oncology literature covering virtually all
oncology topics, revised frequently to keep the coverage up to
date, easily available on a single library shelf or by a single
personal subscription. We have approached the problem in the
following fashion. First, by di viding the oncology literature into
specific subdivisions such as lung cancer, genitourinary cancer,
pediatric oncology, etc. Second, by asking eminent authorities in
each of these areas to edit a volume on the specific topic on an
annual or biannual basis. Each topic and tumor type is covered in a
volume appearing frequently and predictably, discussing current
diagnosis, staging, markers, all forms of treatment modalities,
basic biology, and more."
Series Information: Harwood Fundamentals of Pure & Applied Economics
This volume emphasizes the diversity and fruitfulness of early
modern mechanism as a program, as a concept, as a model.
Mechanistic study of the living body but also of the mind and
mental processes are examined in careful historical focus, dealing
with figures ranging from the first-rank (Bacon, Descartes,
Spinoza, Cudworth, Gassendi, Locke, Leibniz, Kant) to less
well-known individuals (Scaliger, Martini) or prominent natural
philosophers who have been neglected in recent years (Willis,
Steno, etc.). The volume moves from early modern medicine and
physiology to late Enlightenment and even early 19th-century
psychology, always maintaining a conceptual focus. It is a
contribution to a newly active field in the history and philosophy
of early modern life science. It is of interest to scholars
studying the history of medicine and the development of mechanistic
theories.
This edited volume presents papers on this alternative philosophy
of biology that could be called "continental philosophy of
biology," and the variety of positions and solutions that it has
spawned. In doing so, it contributes to debates in the history and
philosophy of science and the history of philosophy of science, as
well as to the craving for 'history' and/or 'theory' in the
theoretical biological disciplines. In addition, however, it also
provides inspiration for a broader image of philosophy of biology,
in which these traditional issues may have a place. The volume
devotes specific attention to the work of Georges Canguilhem, which
is central to this alternative tradition of "continental philosophy
of biology". This is the first collection on Georges Canguilhem and
the Continental tradition in philosophy of biology. The book should
be of interest to philosophers of biology, continental
philosophers, historians of biology and those interested in broader
traditions in philosophy of science.
This important collection reprints the most significant papers and
case studies on the prevention and resolution of conflict over
water resources. It focuses in particular on the human dynamics
that are involved when conflicts over water resources impact on
different interest groups, economic sectors and legal or political
boundaries. It addresses key issues which arise at both the local
and the international level, including amongst others: How do
people interact in these situations of conflict? What methods do
they use to find a compromise? What institutions do they create -
either jointly or unilaterally - to help overcome problems in the
future? This interdisciplinary collection will be essential reading
for professional water practitioners throughout the world,
including engineers, economists, geographers, geologists, and
political scientists concerned with water disputes and conflict
resolution. It will make a significant contribution to the study of
water as an essential theme in the increasingly important topic of
environmental security.
It was in 1660s England, according to the received view, in the
Royal Society of London, that science acquired the form of
empirical enquiry we recognize as our own: an open, collaborative
experimental practice, mediated by specially-designed instruments,
supported by civil discourse, stressing accuracy and replicability.
Guided by the philosophy of Francis Bacon, by Protestant ideas of
this worldly benevolence, by gentlemanly codes of decorum and by a
dominant interest in mechanics and the mechanical structure of the
universe, the members of the Royal Society created a novel
experimental practice that superseded former modes of empirical
inquiry, from Aristotelian observations to alchemical
experimentation.
This volume focuses on the development of empiricism as an
interest in the body as both the object of research and the subject
of experience. Re-embodying empiricism shifts the focus of interest
to the life sciences; medicine, physiology, natural history. In
fact, many of the active members of the Royal Society were
physicians, and a significant number of those, disciples of William
Harvey and through him, inheritors of the empirical anatomy
practices developed in Padua during the 16th century. Indeed, the
primary research interests of the early Royal Society were
concentrated on the body, human and animal, and its functions much
more than on mechanics. Similarly, the Academie des Sciences
directly contradicted its self-imposed mandate to investigate
Nature in mechanistic fashion, devoting a significant portion of
its Memoires to questions concerning life, reproduction and
monsters, consulting empirical botanists, apothecaries and
chemists, and keeping closer to experience than to the Cartesian
standards of well-founded knowledge.
These highlighted empirical studies of the body, were central in
a workshop in the beginning of 2009 organized by the unit for
History and Philosophy of Science in Sydney. The papers that were
presented by some of the leading figures in this area are presented
in this volume."
The use of the term "biology" to refer to a unified science of life
emerged around 1800 (most prominently by scientists such as Lamarck
and Treviranus, although scholarship has indicated its usage at
least 30-40 years earlier). The interplay between philosophy and
natural science has also accompanied the constitution of biology as
a science. Philosophy of Biology Before Biology examines biological
and protobiological writings from the mid-eighteenth century to the
early nineteenth century (from Buffon to Cuvier; Kant to Oken; and
Kielmeyer) with two major sets of questions in mind: What were the
distinctive conceptual features of the move toward biology as a
science? What were the relations and differences between the
"philosophical" focus on the nature of living entities, and the
"scientific" focus? This insightful volume produces a fresh but
also systematic perspective both on the history of biology as a
science and on the early versions of, in the 1960s in a
post-positivist context, the philosophy of biology. It will appeal
to students and researchers interested in fields such as history of
science, philosophy of science and biology.
Revised Bestseller Offers Broad-Based Knowledge to a Wide Range of
Technical Professionals The definitive guide to sealing operations
in construction, this latest edition of Sealants in Construction
focuses on the most current technology, methods, applications, and
standards relevant to sealant performance. Providing guided
direction on how to choose and apply sealants, determine the
properties of those sealants, and test and establish the cause of
sealant failures, it addresses the design and engineering of
structurally glazed systems and the chemistry and properties of
various generic types including silicones, hybrids, and urethanes.
Divided into two parts, the book first covers basic topics relevant
to the practical side of construction sealants, and is geared
toward those interested in choosing the proper sealant. The second
half introduces advanced topics that are more technical, includes
historical context along with practical examples, and is directed
toward anyone requiring more depth in these areas. An indispensable
resource essential to your collection, this book: Explains the
proper way to test sealants Evaluates standard test methods that
are used with construction sealants Provides examples of emerging
test methods appropriate for use with construction and highway
sealants Outlines methods for calculating the required joint sizes
in conventional sealing, glazing, and structural glazing Details
the composition of the most popular types of sealants and hybrids
Sealants in Construction covers the use of sealants in the
construction industry and aims for the increased use of
nondestructive test methods for all sealant applications and a more
integrated quality management approach to sealing operations. This
book is of interest to architects, contractors, engineers, sealant
manufacturers, and students, and is relevant to a variety of
technical disciplines.
Analyses the main institutional and policy determinants of the
foreign trade behaviour of a centrally planned economy and studies
factors that affect the level and pattern of foreign trade.
What was it like to live under the police and a criminal justice
system in a socialist society and in a country governed by
Marxist-Leninists? This is the first book-length study of criminal
justice in the German Democratic Republic. Based on first-hand
research conducted over a six-year period from 1985 to the present,
the case study analyzes how the society has been transformed
politically, socially, and economically since the 1989 revolution
and reincorporation with the rest of Germany. This volume should be
of interest to students, teachers, and professionals in criminal
justice and sociology, political science, law, and European
history. This analysis of policing in a socialist society reports
on the work of the People's Police and the State Security Police
and how principles of criminal justice and methods of governance
changed with the dissolution of the GDR. The study relies on
primary source materials and extensive interviews of police
professionals and academicians in the field of criminal justice.
Ensure the success of your library's cooperative collection
development plan This solidly researched book brings a fresh
perspective to the practical problems of library resource sharing.
Creating New Strategies for Cooperative Collection Development
offers shrewd advice and creative thinking on the political and
administrative issues that often present obstacles. It will help
you assess your library's situation, identify new opportunities,
and find powerful new ways to perform the essential tasks of
archiving, preservation, and digitization.By making wise use of new
technologies, local libraries can offer international resources and
services unimaginable just a few decades ago. Creating New
Strategies for Cooperative Collection Development shares the
experiences of successful consortia all over the world, including
the US, Eastern Europe, the UK, the nations of the Pacific Rim, and
South Asia. It examines the costs and benefits of regional,
national, and international cooperatives and debates the varying
uses of centered and decentralized models of resource sharing.
Creating New Strategies for Cooperative Collection Development
offers practical advice for overcoming specific obstacles,
including: lengthy approval processes fixation on volume count
instead of quality faculty and commercial resistance to reforming
scholarly communications publishing monopolies and rising prices
Creating New Strategies for Cooperative Collection Development
defines the issues that need to be addressed by the library
community to foster the advancement of cooperative collection
development and suggests a series of steps that can be taken to
ensure its future success and continued growth. It is an essential
guide to the world of resource sharing.
Ensure the success of your library's cooperative collection
development plan! This solidly researched book brings a fresh
perspective to the practical problems of library resource sharing.
Creating New Strategies for Cooperative Collection Development
offers shrewd advice and creative thinking on the political and
administrative issues that often present obstacles. It will help
you assess your library's situation, identify new opportunities,
and find powerful new ways to perform the essential tasks of
archiving, preservation, and digitization.By making wise use of new
technologies, local libraries can offer international resources and
services unimaginable just a few decades ago. Creating New
Strategies for Cooperative Collection Development shares the
experiences of successful consortia all over the world, including
the US, Eastern Europe, the UK, the nations of the Pacific Rim, and
South Asia. It examines the costs and benefits of regional,
national, and international cooperatives and debates the varying
uses of centered and decentralized models of resource sharing.
Creating New Strategies for Cooperative Collection Development
offers practical advice for overcoming specific obstacles,
including: lengthy approval processes fixation on volume count
instead of quality faculty and commercial resistance to reforming
scholarly communications publishing monopolies and rising prices
Creating New Strategies for Cooperative Collection Development
defines the issues that need to be addressed by the library
community to foster the advancement of cooperative collection
development and suggests a series of steps that can be taken to
ensure its future success and continued growth. It is an essential
guide to the world of resource sharing.
This book provides an overview of key features of (philosophical)
materialism, in historical perspective. It is, thus, a study in the
history and philosophy of materialism, with a particular focus on
the early modern and Enlightenment periods, leading into the 19th
and 20th centuries. For it was in the 18th century that the word
was first used by a philosopher (La Mettrie) to refer to himself.
Prior to that, 'materialism' was a pejorative term, used for wicked
thinkers, as a near-synonym to 'atheist', 'Spinozist' or the
delightful 'Hobbist'. The book provides the different forms of
materialism, particularly distinguished into claims about the
material nature of the world and about the material nature of the
mind, and then focus on materialist approaches to body and
embodiment, selfhood, ethics, laws of nature, reductionism and
determinism, and overall, its relationship to science. For
materialism is often understood as a kind of philosophical
facilitator of the sciences, and the author want to suggest that is
not always the case. Materialism takes on different forms and
guises in different historical, ideological and scientific contexts
as well, and the author wants to do justice to that diversity.
Figures discussed include Lucretius, Hobbes, Gassendi, Spinoza,
Toland, Collins, La Mettrie, Diderot, d'Holbach and Priestley;
Buchner, Bergson, J.J.C. Smart and D.M. Armstrong.
It was in 1660s England, according to the received view, in the
Royal Society of London, that science acquired the form of
empirical enquiry we recognize as our own: an open, collaborative
experimental practice, mediated by specially-designed instruments,
supported by civil discourse, stressing accuracy and replicability.
Guided by the philosophy of Francis Bacon, by Protestant ideas of
this worldly benevolence, by gentlemanly codes of decorum and by a
dominant interest in mechanics and the mechanical structure of the
universe, the members of the Royal Society created a novel
experimental practice that superseded former modes of empirical
inquiry, from Aristotelian observations to alchemical
experimentation.
This volume focuses on the development of empiricism as an
interest in the body as both the object of research and the subject
of experience. Re-embodying empiricism shifts the focus of interest
to the life sciences; medicine, physiology, natural history. In
fact, many of the active members of the Royal Society were
physicians, and a significant number of those, disciples of William
Harvey and through him, inheritors of the empirical anatomy
practices developed in Padua during the 16th century. Indeed, the
primary research interests of the early Royal Society were
concentrated on the body, human and animal, and its functions much
more than on mechanics. Similarly, the Academie des Sciences
directly contradicted its self-imposed mandate to investigate
Nature in mechanistic fashion, devoting a significant portion of
its Memoires to questions concerning life, reproduction and
monsters, consulting empirical botanists, apothecaries and
chemists, and keeping closer to experience than to the Cartesian
standards of well-founded knowledge.
These highlighted empirical studies of the body, were central in
a workshop in the beginning of 2009 organized by the unit for
History and Philosophy of Science in Sydney. The papers that were
presented by some of the leading figures in this area are presented
in this volume."
Where do you begin to look for a recent, authoritative article on
the diag nosis or management of a particular malignancy? The few
general oncology textbooks are generally out of date. Single papers
in specialized journals are informative but seldom comprehensive;
these are more often preliminary reports on a very limited number
of patients. Certain general journals fre quently publish good
in-depth reviews of cancer topics, and published sym posium
lectures are often the best overviews available. Unfortunately,
these reviews and supplements appear sporadically, and the reader
can never be sure when a topic of special interest will be covered.
Cancer Treatment and Research is a series of authoritative volumes
which aim to meet this need. It is an attempt to establish a
critical mass of oncology literature covering virtually all
oncology topics, revised frequently to keep the coverage up to
date, easily available on a single library shelf or by a single
personal subscription. We have approached the problem in the
following fashion. First, by di viding the oncology literature into
specific subdivisions such as lung cancer, genitourinary cancer,
pediatric oncology, etc. Second, by asking eminent authorities in
each of these areas to edit a volume on the specific topic on an
annual or biannual basis. Each topic and tumor type is covered in a
volume appearing frequently and predictably, discussing current
diagnosis, staging, markers, all forms of treatment modalities,
basic biology, and more."
The use of the term "biology" to refer to a unified science of life
emerged around 1800 (most prominently by scientists such as Lamarck
and Treviranus, although scholarship has indicated its usage at
least 30-40 years earlier). The interplay between philosophy and
natural science has also accompanied the constitution of biology as
a science. Philosophy of Biology Before Biology examines biological
and protobiological writings from the mid-eighteenth century to the
early nineteenth century (from Buffon to Cuvier; Kant to Oken; and
Kielmeyer) with two major sets of questions in mind: What were the
distinctive conceptual features of the move toward biology as a
science? What were the relations and differences between the
"philosophical" focus on the nature of living entities, and the
"scientific" focus? This insightful volume produces a fresh but
also systematic perspective both on the history of biology as a
science and on the early versions of, in the 1960s in a
post-positivist context, the philosophy of biology. It will appeal
to students and researchers interested in fields such as history of
science, philosophy of science and biology.
This Open Access book combines philosophical and historical
analysis of various forms of alternatives to mechanism and
mechanistic explanation, focusing on the 19th century to the
present. It addresses vitalism, organicism and responses to
materialism and its relevance to current biological science. In
doing so, it promotes dialogue and discussion about the historical
and philosophical importance of vitalism and other non-mechanistic
conceptions of life. It points towards the integration of genomic
science into the broader history of biology. It details a broad
engagement with a variety of nineteenth, twentieth and twenty-first
century vitalisms and conceptions of life. In addition, it
discusses important threads in the history of concepts in the
United States and Europe, including charting new reception
histories in eastern and south-eastern Europe. While vitalism,
organicism and similar epistemologies are often the concern of
specialists in the history and philosophy of biology and of
historians of ideas, the range of the contributions as well as the
geographical and temporal scope of the volume allows for it to
appeal to the historian of science and the historian of biology
generally.
This is an exploration of the richness inherent in genre and ethnic
colections. The contributors were asked to provide an overview of
their topic, its relevance to library collections and suggestions
about how collections might proceed. In addition, attention was
paid to the needs of individual collectors, many of whose
collections have also enriched libraries. The editors hope that
this volume will contribute to a greater understanding of why it is
important to collect and preserve special kinds of writing. The
studies of the various genres in this book show that each has a
specific contribution to make to the understanding of our social
development and many can enlighten dark passages in the past.
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