Prunus dulcis is called Lawz in Arabic and Baadaam in Hindi, Punjabi, Telugu, Gujarati, Turkish, Urdu, Persian and Kashmiri. This Book describes the Classification, Nutritional value, Health benefit, Chemical Composition, Habitat, History, Antioxidant Activity and uses of Prunus dulcis. Also have data related to Bitter and Sweet Prunus dulcis and their constituents, and describe the bitterness factor in Prunus dulcis. Comparative study between Pakistani and American Prunus dulcis were performed by comparing the constituents percentage in both with the help of 1,1-Diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radical scavenging activity, Total Antioxidant Activity by Phosphomolybdenum Method and Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis.

Different analogues of Benzotriazoles and Benzimidazoles were synthesized using different O-phenylene diammines as main reactant and further analogues were prepared by substituting the benzene ring and the heterocyclic ring of the above mentioned benzo-fused moieties using reagents e.g. chloroacetic acid, halogenating agents and hydrazine. Characterization of the synthesized compounds was done by IR and NMR spectroscopic techniques. The synthesized compounds were also screened for antimicrobial activity and were found to have significant antifungal and antibacterial activity against aspergillus niger and gram negative Bascillus specie.

Arachis hypogaea (peanut or groundnut) is an economically important crop. Thousands of peanut cultivars are grown in the world and many studies have been carried out on them but, to the best of our knowledge, no salient work has been done on Pakistani cultivar so far. Here, we report the chemical composition of Pakistani cultivar of Arachis hypogaea (peanut or groundnut) and its antiradical activities by 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging and Phosphomolybdenim Complex (PC) method. This study revealed that Pakistani cultivar exhibited an almost equal antioxidant potential to that of Butylated hydroxytoluene, which was obvious from the IC50 values.

Different kinds of methods such as Chemical Vapor Deposition (CVD), Physical Vapor Deposition (PVD), Sol-Gel Deposition (SGD), Thermal Spray Deposition (TSD), Jet Vapor Deposition (JVD), Triboadhesion Deposition (TAD), & Electroless Deposition (ELD) were used for the coating of metal oxides on glass substrates but it was found that Electroless Deposition is the most effective and common method for deposition of metal oxides on glass substrate due to its unique characteristics. Effectiveness of deposition was studied by the stability of metal oxides (Nickel & Copper Oxides) layer on glass substrate. Stability was measured by comparing the duration of crack formation at different temperatures and by changing the composition of metallic & reducing agents solutions, on glass substrate. Cracks formation was noted and measure with the help of High Efficient Microscope. Metallic & Reducing agent solutions properties were also noted by preparing them with different methods. Reducing agents that commonly used in deposition are hydrogen compounds, in which hydrogen atom is linked to phosphorus, nitrogen, and carbon i.e, Sodium Hypophosphite, Dimethylamine-borane, Hydrazine and Formaldehyde