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Serotonin and Gastrointestinal Function provides a comprehensive
review of current research into the mechanisms by which serotonin
acts on gastrointestinal tissues. This book covers neurochemistry,
physiology, pharmacology, and clinical issues relevant to serotonin
in the gastrointestinal tract. The editors have brought together
the most relevant information from the molecular to the clinical
level. Each chapter is written by investigators experienced in
research on serotonin's actions in the gut. This book will be
useful to basic scientists, clinical investigators, graduate and
postgraduate students.
About 30% of all prescriptions issued in the USA, Canada and Europe contain either a herb, a purified extract or an active component derived from herbs. However, medical practitioners are often confused by conflicting information available on the safety and efficacy of herbs; herbal medicines are often co-prescribed without proper attention to adjustment of dosages. This reference guide treats the subject of herbal medicines in an integrated fashion with reference to pharmacognosy, pharmacology and toxicology. It will help to enable internists, phytotherapists, physicians, healthcare practitioners as well as students to understand why, when and how herbal medicines can be used in the treatment of diseases. Clinical and toxicological findings of herbs and their dosages are described. A great deal of pathology and therapeutic information is included. A large iconographic section can be of help when the identification of a herbal drug is in doubt. Many 2c tables as well as figures are included to clarify complex mechanisms and other information. The most important medicinal plants and drugs are illustrated with exceptional 4c plates.
3 The help of Mr Phil Johnstone and editorial staff at Kluwer
Academic Publishers in producing this book and the publication in
the Journal is most gratefully acknowl- edged. INFLAMMOPHARMACOLOGY
Basic and clinical studies on Inflammation and its phannacologlcal
control Aim. and Scope The joumal Innammopharmacology publishes
papers on all aspects of inflammation and its phannacological
control, emphasizing comparisons of (a) dillerent inflammatory
states, and (b) the actions, therapeutic eflicacy and safety of
dr\lgs employed in the treatment of inflammatory conditions. The
comparative aspects of the types of inflammatory conditions include
gastrointestinal disease (e. g. ulcerative colitis, Cmhn's dsease)
i , parasitic diseases, toxicological manifestations of the effects
of dr\lgs and envimnmental agents, and arthritic conditions.
Inflammophannacology covers all the major aspects of the
experimentally-induced clinical pathology, Its bkx:hemistry and
cell biology, as well as the clinical and experimental phannacology
and toxk:ology of therapeutic agents. The emphasis on comparative
aspects of the actions of drugs Is intended to highlight their
eflicacy and toxicity pmfiles as well as the variability In their
clinical response and safety.
The application of molecular techniques to gastroenterology
continues to yield important advances in the development of drugs
to treat gastrointestinal disorders. Important new drugs have
emerged through the collaborative and complementary efforts of
basic scientists, clinicians, and clinical researchers in academia
and the pharmaceutical industry. The challenge has been exciting,
with a few surprises along the way. Consider peptic ulcer disease
as an example. The discovery of H receptors and the availability of
potent and 2 selective H-receptor antagonists signaled the
beginning of a new era 2 in the treatment of gastric hypersecretory
states and peptic ulcers. Introduction of proton pump inhibitors
offered another therapeutic option. Though H-receptor antagonists
and proton pump inhibitors 2 are important and useful drugs, the
discovery of the link between H. pylori infection and peptic ulcer
disease has led to even more effective pharmacotherapeutic
regimens. Our intent in Drug Development: Molecular Targets for GI
Diseases is to bring together hands-on experts to review promising
areas of gastrointestinal pharmacology. The contemporary topics
covered, from a mechanistic viewpoint, are relevant to
gastrointestinal inflammation and motility disorders. Authoritative
opinions are offered on both future research directions and
potential applications for new therapies.
Constipation is a common disorder that is often defined differently
by patients and physicians. Clinically, constipation occurs when
bowel move ments are difficult or painful. The "normality" of bowel
movements, in terms of frequency, varies among individuals;
frequency that is thought by one person to be constipation may be
reported by another to be usual and thus normal. Often the
perceived "need" to have a bowel movement leads to self-treatment
with laxatives as these drugs are widely available without a
prescription. This situation can raise problems in patient care,
because of potential interactions between laxatives and other
medications. Furthermore, chronic use (abuse) oflaxatives can cause
serious medical consequences, causing patients to visit physicians,
and even to be hospitalized for further evaluation and care. This
has a financial impact on the patient, and on health care systems.
It is essential that pharmacists, physicians and other health care
practitioners counsel patients on the causes of constipation and
the proper use oflaxatives. A medical work-up by a physician should
be done to determine if the constipation is due to a pathological
process. Often nor mal bowel function (for an invididual) can be
maintained by diet and/or lifestyle. Most laxatives in use today
are of botanical origin. Further research on the mechanism of
action of these and synthetic laxatives is needed to bet ter define
their pharmacology and toxicology."
The application of molecular techniques to gastroenterology
continues to yield important advances in the development of drugs
to treat gastrointestinal disorders. Important new drugs have
emerged through the collaborative and complementary efforts of
basic scientists, clinicians, and clinical researchers in academia
and the pharmaceutical industry. The challenge has been exciting,
with a few surprises along the way. Consider peptic ulcer disease
as an example. The discovery of H receptors and the availability of
potent and 2 selective H-receptor antagonists signaled the
beginning of a new era 2 in the treatment of gastric hypersecretory
states and peptic ulcers. Introduction of proton pump inhibitors
offered another therapeutic option. Though H-receptor antagonists
and proton pump inhibitors 2 are important and useful drugs, the
discovery of the link between H. pylori infection and peptic ulcer
disease has led to even more effective pharmacotherapeutic
regimens. Our intent in Drug Development: Molecular Targets for GI
Diseases is to bring together hands-on experts to review promising
areas of gastrointestinal pharmacology. The contemporary topics
covered, from a mechanistic viewpoint, are relevant to
gastrointestinal inflammation and motility disorders. Authoritative
opinions are offered on both future research directions and
potential applications for new therapies.
The Gastrointestinal Section of the International Union of
Pharmacology (IUPHAR) was established in 1994 in Montreal, Canada.
The establishment of the GI Section recognizes the international
progress of gastrointestinal pharmacology, including basic and
human studies. The Gastrointestinal Section of IUPHAR organized the
first symposium, Biochemical Pharmacology as an Approach to
Gastrointestinal Diseases: Basic Science to Clinical Perspectives,
on 10-12 October, 1995, in Pecs, Hungary. The main topics covered
include: gastrointestinal secretory and excretory functions;
gastrointestinal mobility - biochemical-pharmacological mechanisms
in neural and hormonal actions involved in GI functions; main
normal and pathological biochemical mechanisms in GI functions; GI
mucosal injury and protection; molecular mechanisms of premalignant
and malignant diseases in GI tract; and the use of isolated cells
and cell cultures in biochemical-pharmacological studies to
approach GI diseases.
Written by active researchers in the field, this unique book
provides a detailed review of esophageal, gastroduodenal ileal, and
colonic models of mucosal inflammation and ulceration. Animal
Models of Mucosal Inflammation not only presents up-to-date
techniques and models but also provides the latest data on the
mechanistic approach to treatment and prevention.
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