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This second volume provides new and updated methods detailing
advancements in CRISPR-Cas technical protocols. Chapters guide
readers through protocols on prime editing, base editing, multiplex
editing, editing in cell-free extract, in silico analysis of gRNA
secondary structure and CRISPR-diagnosis. Authoritative and
cutting-edge, CRISPR-Cas Methods, Volume 2 aims to serves as a
laboratory manual providing scientists with a holistic view of
CRISPR-Cas methodologies and its practical application for the
editing of crop plants, cell lines, nematode and microorganism. The
chapter "CRISPR/Cas9-mediated gene editing in human induced
pluripotent stem cells" is available open access under a Creative
Commons Attribution 4.0 International License via
link.springer.com.
Agricultural biostimulants are a group of substances or
microorganisms, based on natural resources, that are applied to
plants or soils to improve nutrient uptake and plant growth, and
provide better tolerance to various stresses. Their function is to
stimulate the natural processes of plants, or to enrich the soil
microbiome to improve plant growth, nutrition, abiotic and/or
biotic stress tolerance, yield and quality of crop plants. Interest
in plant biostimulants has been on the rise over the past 10 years,
driven by the growing interest of researchers and farmers in
environmentally-friendly tools for improved crop performance.
Focusing on recent progress on biostimulants and their role in crop
production and agricultural sustainability, this book includes: 31
chapters on a wide range of biostimulants and their role in plant
growth stimulation and stress tolerance. Mechanism of actions of
diverse groups of biostimulants, such as trace elements, plant and
seaweed extracts, humic substances, polyamines, osmolytes,
vitamins, nanoparticles and microorganisms. New promising
biostimulants with novel modes of action. Improved crop production
technologies are urgently needed to meet the growing demand for
food for the ever-increasing global population by addressing the
impacts of changing climate on agriculture. This book is of
interest to researchers in agriculture, agronomy, crop and plant
science, soil science and environmental science.
Global climate change affects crop production through altered
weather patterns and increased environmental stresses. Such
stresses include soil salinity, drought, flooding, metal/metalloid
toxicity, pollution, and extreme temperatures. The variability of
these environmental conditions pared with the sessile lifestyle of
plants contribute to high exposure to these stress factors.
Increasing tolerance of crop plants to abiotic stresses is needed
to fulfill increased food needs of the population. This book
focuses on methods of improving plants tolerance to abiotic
stresses. It provides information on how protective agents,
including exogenous phytoprotectants, can mitigate abiotic
stressors affecting plants. The application of various
phytoprotectants has become one of the most effective approaches in
enhancing the tolerance of plants to these stresses.
Phytoprotectants are discussed in detail including information on
osmoprotectants, antioxidants, phytohormones, nitric oxide,
polyamines, amino acids, and nutrient elements of plants. Providing
a valuable resource of information on phytoprotectants, this book
is useful in diverse areas of life sciences including agronomy,
plant physiology, cell biology, environmental sciences, and
biotechnology.
Plants are frequently exposed to unfavorable and adverse
environmental conditions known as abiotic stressors. These factors
can include salinity, drought, heat, cold, flooding, heavy metals,
and UV radiation which pose serious threats to the sustainability
of crop yields. Since abiotic stresses are major constraints for
crop production, finding the approaches to enhance stress tolerance
is crucial to increase crop production and increase food security.
This book discusses approaches to enhance abiotic stress tolerance
in crop plants on a global scale. Plants scientists and breeders
will learn how to further mitigate plant responses and develop new
crop varieties for the changing climate.
Plants are frequently exposed to unfavorable and adverse
environmental conditions known as abiotic stressors. These factors
can include salinity, drought, heat, cold, flooding, heavy metals,
and UV radiation which pose serious threats to the sustainability
of crop yields. Since abiotic stresses are major constraints for
crop production, finding the approaches to enhance stress tolerance
is crucial to increase crop production and increase food security.
This book discusses approaches to enhance abiotic stress tolerance
in crop plants on a global scale. Plants scientists and breeders
will learn how to further mitigate plant responses and develop new
crop varieties for the changing climate.
Global climate change affects crop production through altered
weather patterns and increased environmental stresses. Such
stresses include soil salinity, drought, flooding, metal/metalloid
toxicity, pollution, and extreme temperatures. The variability of
these environmental conditions pared with the sessile lifestyle of
plants contribute to high exposure to these stress factors.
Increasing tolerance of crop plants to abiotic stresses is needed
to fulfill increased food needs of the population. This book
focuses on methods of improving plants tolerance to abiotic
stresses. It provides information on how protective agents,
including exogenous phytoprotectants, can mitigate abiotic
stressors affecting plants. The application of various
phytoprotectants has become one of the most effective approaches in
enhancing the tolerance of plants to these stresses.
Phytoprotectants are discussed in detail including information on
osmoprotectants, antioxidants, phytohormones, nitric oxide,
polyamines, amino acids, and nutrient elements of plants. Providing
a valuable resource of information on phytoprotectants, this book
is useful in diverse areas of life sciences including agronomy,
plant physiology, cell biology, environmental sciences, and
biotechnology.
The third volume of the series ‘Bacilli and Agrobiotechnology’
is comprised of 25 chapters that bring a unique perspective to the
readers about Bacillus-mediated biotic and abiotic plant stress
tolerance, bioremediation and bioprospecting. These chapters are
prepared by the leading scientists of global repute. The negative
impacts of agrochemicals such as chemical fertilizers and
pesticides on human health and environment are paramount. Bacillus
and allied genera of beneficial plant-associated microbes are
presenting beacon of hope to the farmers, plant scientists and
stewards of environment. Several chapters of this volume focus on
the induction of various signaling pathways in plants by Bacillus
spp. to alleviate biotic and abiotic stresses impacted by global
climate change Agricultural lands contaminated with heavy metals
affect the ecological food chain starting from crop cultivation.
How the toxic effects of trace metals originating from industrial
effluents and agrochemicals can be remediated? This book addresses
how to overcome these issues by applying elite strains of Bacillus.
Bioprospecting is a systematic and organized search for conversion
of bioresources to industrially important products by utilizing
microbe-derived metabolites. This volume is enriched by including
the bioprospecting aspects mediated by Bacillus spp. with novel
insights.
Crop plants growing under field conditions are constantly exposed
to various abiotic and biotic stress factors leading to decreased
yield and quality of produce. In order to achieve sustainable
development in agriculture and to increase agricultural production
for feeding an increasing global population, it is necessary to use
ecologically compatible and environmentally friendly strategies to
decrease the adverse effects of stresses on the plant. Selenium is
one of the critical elements from the biological contexts because
it is essential for human health; however, it becomes toxic at high
concentrations. It has been widely reported that selenium can
promote plant growth and alleviate various stresses as well as
increase the quantity and quality of the yield of many plant
species. Nonetheless, at high concentrations, selenium causes
phytotoxicity. In the last decade, nanotechnology has emerged as a
prominent tool for enhancing agricultural productivity. The
production and applications of nanoparticles (NPs) have greatly
increased in many industries, such as energy production,
healthcare, agriculture, and environmental protection. The
application of NPs has attracted interest for their potential to
alleviate abiotic and biotic stresses in a more rapid,
cost-effective, and more sustainable way than conventional
treatment technologies. Recently, research related to
selenium-NPs-mediated abiotic stresses and nutritional improvements
in plants has received considerable interest by the scientific
community. While significant progress was made in selenium
biochemistry in relation to stress tolerance, an in-depth
understanding of the molecular mechanisms associated with the
selenium- and nano-selenium-mediated stress tolerance and
bio-fortification in plants is still lacking. Gaining a better
knowledge of the regulatory and molecular mechanisms that control
selenium uptake, assimilation, and tolerance in plants is therefore
vital and necessary to develop modern crop varieties that are more
resilient to environmental stress. This book provides a
comprehensive overview of the latest understanding of the
physiological, biochemical, and molecular basis of selenium- and
nano-selenium-mediated environmental stress tolerance and crop
quality improvements in plants. It helps researchers to develop
strategies to enhance crop productivity under stressful conditions
and to better utilize natural resources to ensure future food
security and to reduce environmental contamination. Finally, this
book is a valuable resource for promoting future research into
plant stress tolerance, and a reference book for researchers
working on developing plants tolerant to abiotic and biotic
stressors as well as bio-fortification and phytoremediation.
This second volume provides new and updated methods detailing
advancements in CRISPR-Cas technical protocols. Chapters guide
readers through protocols on prime editing, base editing, multiplex
editing, editing in cell-free extract, in silico analysis of gRNA
secondary structure and CRISPR-diagnosis. Authoritative and
cutting-edge, CRISPR-Cas Methods, Volume 2 aims to serves as a
laboratory manual providing scientists with a holistic view of
CRISPR-Cas methodologies and its practical application for the
editing of crop plants, cell lines, nematode and microorganism. The
chapter "CRISPR/Cas9-mediated gene editing in human induced
pluripotent stem cells" is available open access under a Creative
Commons Attribution 4.0 International License via
link.springer.com.
The Gram-positive and spore-forming Bacilli are the most dominant
group of bacteria that exist in various ecological niches on the
earth. They represent one of the most important unmapped pools of
biodiversity with immense potential of applications in agriculture,
environment, and industry. As these bacteria are highly tolerant to
stressful environment and enhance plant tolerance to harsh
environment such as salinity, drought, and heavy metal toxicity,
plant-associated Bacilli have high potential for promoting
sustainable crop production. Many species of Bacilli are being
commercially used as phytostimulator and biofertilizer. Some of
them are applied as biopesticide for protecting crop plants from
phytopathogens and insect pests. The Bacillus-based products are
becoming popular in ecologically sound and climate resilient
agricultural production system. In fact, Bacillus and allied
species based formulations are already dominating the biopesticides
market, although, to compete with other formulations and chemical
alternatives, the biology of Bacillus had to be understood from
perspective of such applications. Our understanding of the biology
and molecular-basis of the beneficial effects of plant-associated
Bacilli has greatly been progressed in recent years through
genomics, metagenomics, post-genomics and metabolomics studies. The
volume two of the series Bacilli and Agrobiotechnology
comprehensively reviews and updates current knowledge of Bacilli as
phytostimulant and biological control of plant pests. Better
understanding the biology, ecology and mechanism of action of the
beneficial strains of Bacilli will play a role in the development
of products to support green biotechnology in agriculture and
industries.
Feeding of powdered black seeds of historically famous medicinal
herb, Nigella sativa L. has been shown to lower serum triglycerides
and decrease egg cholesterol in laying hens. This study aimed to
investigate effects of varying doses of N. sativa seed powder (0,
1.5, 2.5 and 3.0%) and acetone extracts (0, 1.5 and 3.0%) on feed
intake, health, fat content, serum lipid profiles and population of
intestinal microflora of broiler. Results revealed that N. sativa
supplemented feed had no significant effects on feed intake, body
weight, fat content and mortality rate. However, supplementation of
3.0% seed powder and 0.4% extract of N. sativa significantly (p
Phosphate predominantly present as inorganic compounds, which are
either calcium or iron and aluminum salts. Iron and aluminum
phosphates predominate under acidic condition. The low availability
of P to plants is because the vast majority of soil P is found in
insoluble forms .Thus, the release of insoluble and fixed forms of
phosphorus is an important aspect of increasing soil phosphorus
availability.Plant root-associated phosphate solubilizing bacteria
(PSB) have been considered as one of the possible alternatives for
inorganic phosphate fertilizers for promoting plant growth and
yield. Considering the above stated role of bacteria for P
solubilization in acid soils of Bangladesh, the present work was
therefore undertaken with the following objectives: To isolate some
rhizoplane bacteria from the roots of rice plants and screening
potential phosphate solubilizing bacteria (PBS) from the isolates;
To quantify P solubilization from tricalcium phosphate by potential
PSB in broth culture conditions; and To see the performances of
potential PSB on growth and nutrients content of rice in acidic
soil of Bangladesh.
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