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Learning War examines the U.S. Navy's doctrinal development from
1898-1945 and explains why the Navy in that era was so successful
as an organization at fostering innovation. A revolutionary study
of one of history's greatest success stories, this book draws
profoundly important conclusions that give new insight, not only
into how the Navy succeeded in becoming the best naval force in the
world, but also into how modern organizations can exploit today's
rapid technological and social changes in their pursuit of success.
Trent Hone argues that the Navy created a sophisticated learning
system in the early years of the twentieth century that led to
repeated innovations in the development of surface warfare tactics
and doctrine. The conditions that allowed these innovations to
emerge are analyzed through a consideration of the Navy as a
complex adaptive system. Learning War is the first major work to
apply this complex learning approach to military history. This
approach permits a richer understanding of the mechanisms that
enable human organizations to evolve, innovate, and learn, and it
offers new insights into the history of the United States Navy.
The Naval War College Review was established in 1948 and is a forum
for discussion of public policy matters of interest to the maritime
services. The forthright and candid views of the authors are
presented for the professional education of the readers. Articles
published are related to the academic and professional activities
of the Naval War College. They are drawn from a wide variety of
sources in order to inform, stimulate, and challenge readers, and
to serve as a catalyst for new ideas. Articles are selected
primarily on the basis of their intellectual and literary merits,
timeliness, and usefulness and interest to a wide readership. The
thoughts and opinions expressed in this publication are those of
the authors and are not necessarily those of the U.S. Navy
Department or the Naval War College.
Mastering the Art of Command is a detailed examination of Admiral
Chester W. Nimitz's leadership during World War II. It describes
how he used his talents to guide the Pacific Fleet following the
attacks on Pearl Harbor, win crucial victories against the forces
of Imperial Japan, and then seize the initiative in the Pacific.
Once Nimitz's forces held the initiative, they maintained it
through an offensive campaign of unparalleled speed that overcame
Japanese defenses and created the conditions for victory. As a
command and operational history, Mastering the Art of Command
explores how Nimitz used his leadership skills, command talents,
and strategic acumen to achieve these decisive results. Hone
recounts how Nimitz, as both Commander-in-Chief of the Pacific
Fleet (CINCPAC) and Commander-in-Chief of the Pacific Ocean Areas
(CINCPOA), revised and adapted his organizational structure to
capitalize on lessons and newly emerging information. Hone argues
that Nimitz--because he served simultaneously as CINCPAC and
CINCPOA--was able to couple tactical successes to strategic
outcomes and more effectively plan and execute operations that
brought victory at Midway, Guadalcanal, the Marshall Islands, the
Philippines, Iwo Jima, and Okinawa. As a study of leadership,
Mastering the Art of Command uses modern management theories, and
builds upon the approach in his award-winning Learning War. Trent
Hone explores the challenge of leadership in complex adaptive
systems through Nimitz's behavior and causes us to reassess the
inevitability of Allied victory and the reasons for its ultimate
accomplishment. A new narrative history of the Pacific war, this
book demonstrates effective patterns for complexity-informed
leadership by highlighting how Nimitz maintained coherence within
his organization, established the conditions for his subordinates
to succeed, and fostered collaborative sense-making to identify and
pursue options more rapidly. Nimitz's "strategic artistry" is a
pattern worthy of study and emulation, for today's military
officers, civilian leaders, and managers in large organizations.
This book examines the twenty-year period that saw the US fleet
shrink under the pressures of arms-limitation treaties, and then
grow again to a world-class force. The authors trace the Navy's
evolution from a fleet centred around slow battleships to one that
deployed most of the warship types that proved so essential in
World War II. Both the older battleships and the newer ships are
captured in stunning period photographs that have never before been
published. An authoritative yet lively text explains how and why
the newer ships and aircraft came into being. Desperately short of
men and funding, the Navy nevertheless pioneered carrier aviation,
shipboard electronics, codebreaking and, with the Marines,
amphibious warfare- elements that made America's later victory in
the Pacific possible. Based on years of study of official records,
this book presents a comprehensive view of the foundation of a navy
that would become the world's largest and most formidable. From
their adventures on Yangtze River gunboats to carrier landings on
the converted battle cruisers Saratoga and Lexington, the men are
profiled along with their ships. This combination of popular
history with archival history will appeal to a general audience of
naval enthusiasts. Thomas C. Hone, an executive in the Office of
the Secretary of Defense, is the author of American and British
Aircraft Carrier Development, 1919-1941. He has taught at the Naval
War College and the National Defense University among other
institutions. Trent Hone has published several articles on the US
Navy's tactical development before World War II. Both father and
son are residents of Arlington, Virginia.
Building upon the expertise of the authors and historians of the
Naval Institute Press, the Naval History Special Editions are
designed to offer studies of the key vessels, battles, and events
of armed conflict. Using an image-heavy, magazine-style format,
these Special Editions should appeal to scholars, enthusiasts, and
general readers alike. The Guadalcanal Campaign began in August
1942 with Operation Watchtower. This first Allied offensive in the
Pacific, undertaken before U.S. forces were fully prepared,
thwarted an impending Japanese operation and initiated a six-month
struggle to control the island and its surroundings. Desperate
fighting occurred in the jungles of Guadalcanal, in the skies above
it, and on--as well as below--the seas around it. Possession of the
island's airfield allowed the U.S. garrison to dominate the skies
during the day. At night, the Imperial Japanese Navy bombarded the
airfield and brought supplies and reinforcements to the island. The
U.S. Navy's attempts to stop these nocturnal incursions triggered a
series of battles that were some of the most furious, confused, and
chaotic in naval history. As melees erupted in bewildering
darkness, concerted action proved impossible. Formations
disintegrated, and ships fought individually. So many were sunk
that sailors nicknamed the narrow waters off Guadalcanal "Iron
Bottom Sound." Within those waters, the men of the U.S. Navy fought
tenaciously. In nights filled with flares, flames, the reek of
gunpowder, and blinding explosions, their "heroic actions without
number" blunted Japanese reinforcement efforts. Victories at the
Battle of Cape Esperance in October and the First and Second Naval
Battles of Guadalcanal in November were especially crucial. Unable
to keep pace with the increasing number of U.S. supplies and
reinforcements, the Japanese abandoned the island. This volume
recounts those battles, the heroic actions that led to victory, and
the Allied triumph at Guadalcanal.
Battle Line examines the twenty-year period that saw the U.S. fleet
shrink under the pressure of arms limitation treaties and
government economy and then grow again to a world-class force. The
authors trace the Navy's evolution from a fleet centered around
slow battleships to one that deployed most of the warship types
that proved so essential in World War II. Based on years of study
of official Navy department records, this book presents a
comprehensive view of the foundations of a navy that would become
the world's largest and most formidable. At the same time, the
heart of the work draws on memoirs, novels, and oral histories to
reveal the efforts and the skills of the sailors and officers who
contributed to successes in World War II. This combination of
popular history and archival history will appeal to a general
audience of naval enthusiasts.
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