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This specially curated collection features four reviews of current
and key research on improving crop nutrient use efficiency. The
first chapter explores the relationship between rhizobacteria and
plant roots, looking primarily at the recruitment of rhizobacteria
by the plant to carry out particular functions, such as nutrient
acquisition. The chapter highlights our current understanding of
the molecular determinants of legume nodulation as well as
challenges for improvements of biological nitrogen fixation in
legumes and non-legumes. The second chapter considers the rising
use of nitrogen (N) fertilizer in agriculture and its role in the
shrinking contribution of soil organic N. The chapter explores the
impact of the inefficient management of N (low nitrogen-use
efficiency) and the consequent developments of major environmental
issues, such as pollution to groundwater, oceans and the
atmosphere. The third chapter addresses key issues in using N
fertilizers in wheat production, such as product cost and
environmental impact. The chapter summarises the development of
N-efficient cultivars and their economic benefits, as well as their
role in reducing the environmental impact of excessive N fertilizer
inputs, whilst maintaining respectable yields. The final chapter
considers the use of breeding techniques, including genetic
variability, to develop more efficient wheat varieties with
improved traits related to nitrogen capture, nitrogen assimilation
and nitrogen remobilization.
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