In the aftermath of violent conflict, a society seeking to rebuild its future needs to consider the interests and needs of its young generation, and these young people need to participate in the process. Yet, trapped in a state of protracted victimhood, children and youth are too often overlooked in post-conflict peacebuilding. Their voices will not be heard unless they can escape the chains of victimhood and their proper role in postwar recovery is recognized.

In "Escaping Victimhood," a diverse group of researchers and scholar-practitioners working in academia, nongovernmental, and international organizations examine the proactive roles of girls and boys in promoting security for themselves and their families. They discuss the disproportionate suffering and specific vulnerabilities of the young during and after war, as well as the international legal frameworks created to protect and empower these groups in post-conflict environments.

The authors provide examples of initiatives to help young people escape the traps of victimhood and voicelessness and actively engage in rebuilding their communities and nations, and they examine international and national efforts to provide for the security of children and young people in post-conflict environments.

Children and youth are essential catalysts for the successful rebuilding of war-torn societies. Many will reach adulthood as new social, economic, and political orders are being consolidated, as first elections are held, and as local groups take over assistance and rebuilding efforts. The young post-war generation will become the next leaders, parents, and teachers, hence ensuring its active role in post-conflict peacebuilding today could help build a sustainable peace tomorrow.

Public Works Programs (PWPs) are widely implemented throughout Asia, Latin America, and Africa, often with funding from major international donor agencies. They are perceived to present a "win-win" policy option, providing employment to the chronically poor while also creating assets for the state, and in this way offering a welfare transfer which is also a tangible economic investment.

The prevailing view among donors and government agencies with responsibility for social protection is that PWPs are preferable to other measures designed to assist unemployed people living in chronic poverty. But is this view correct? This book critically explores the concept of the PWP and investigates its social protection performance in the context of chronic poverty. It reviews over 200 PWPs in eastern and southern Africa using original research drawn from extensive field analysis, interviews, and survey work. It also examines case studies of six international PWPs in India, Argentina, Ireland, Ethiopia, Indonesia, and the United States.

Anna Gabriele McCord explores the function and limitations of PWPs and outlines major program choice and design issues. She draws lessons from the international context and challenges the assumptions underlying these policy preferences, thus opening the way for more informed and appropriate policy selection. The book makes a case for reconsidering the function of PWPs in the current social protection discourse and argues that the current approach may not look so attractive from the beneficiary perspective.

Much of the debate on green growth and environmental governance tends to be general in nature and is often conceptual or limited to single disciplines. Even though recent discussions on these topics have benefited from the accumulation of empirical and theoretical knowledge over the last few decades, these discussions have not produced the kind of conceptual novelty and tools necessary to place the notion of a green economy within mainstream political, social, and economic agendas. Furthermore, discussions on governance remain mostly in the international sphere with only tenuous talk on governance at the national and subnational levels --the levels at which implementation is key.

"Green Economy and Good Governance for Sustainable Development" takes stock of the achievements and obstacles toward sustainability over the last twenty years, and it proposes new ideas and changes to create a more sustainable future. The contributors present the gap that can emerge between intentions and results when green initiatives are put into practice and highlight the lack of discussion on important topics such as equity. The book includes in-depth discussion on and analysis of specific issues such as oceans, cities, and biodiversity in order to bring forth solutions that are politically legitimate, socially acceptable, and economically viable.

Throughout history, communicable diseases have devastated armies and weakened the capacity of state institutions to perform core security functions. Today, the HIV/AIDS epidemic in Africa has prompted many of the affected countries to initiate policies aimed at addressing its impact on their armed forces, police, and prisons. This volume explores the dynamics of how the security sectors of selected African states have responded to the complex and multifaceted challenges of HIV/AIDS.

Current and impending African HIV/AIDS policies address a range of security-related issues:

- The role of peacekeepers in the spread or control of HIV

- The dilemma of public health (the need to control HIV) versus human rights (protection against mandatory medical testing) needs

- The gender dimensions of HIV in the armed forces

- The impact of HIV on the police and prisons

The chapters in "HIV/AIDS and the Security Sector in Africa" are written by African practitioners, including commissioned officers who are currently serving in the armed forces, medical officers and nurses working in the military, and African policy and academic experts. While the book does not comprehensively address all aspects of the impact of HIV/AIDS on the security sector, the contributors nonetheless highlight the potentials and limits of existing policies.

On 11 May 2008, residents of Alexandra Township near Johannesburg turned violently on their neighbours, launching a string of attacks that, two weeks later, left 60 dead, dozens raped and over a hundred thousand displaced. Most of those killed were from beyond South Africa's borders, but at least a third were citizens who, for reasons of ethnicity or political affiliation, failed to protect their space in the country's urban core. Although not the most severe political violence in South Africa's turbulent past, the 2008 attacks reflect an important moment in the country's post-apartheid, post-authoritarian existence: a moment when the government's legitimacy and the post-apartheid order were called into question. This xenophobic violence made evident cracks in the cohesion of law and society while helping to redefine both.

It is these events and subsequent consequences for the ordering of power, population and place that this book explores. "Exorcising the Demons Within "makes sense of recent anti-outsider violence by situating it within an extended history of South African statecraft that both produced the conditions for the attacks and has been reshaped by it. Drawing on an interdisciplinary team of expert scholars and on new research, this is the first academic text to fully theorise the events that made global headlines in 2008.

Table of Contents

- Introduction: Exorcising the Demons Within: Xenophobia, Violence, and Statecraft in Contemporary South Africa by Loren Landau

- Media Memory: A Critical Reconstruction of the May 2008 Violence by Tamlyn Monson and Rebecca Arian

- People, Space and Politics: An Exploration of Factors Explaining the 2008 Anti-Foreigner Violence in South Africa by Christine Fauvelle-Aymar and Aurelia Wa Kabwe-Segatti

- Disorder in a Changing Society: Authority and the Micro-Politics of Violence by Jean Pierre Misago

- Xenophobia's Local Genesis: Historical Constructions of "Insiders"/"Outsiders" and the Politics of Exclusion in Alexandra Township by Noor Nieftagodien

- Citizenship, Xenophobic Violence and Law's Dark Side by Jonathan Klaaren

- "Separation Anxiety" The Historical Origins of Xenophobia in the SAPS by Darshan Vigneswaran

- Making the Law, Breaking the Law, Taking the Law into Our Own Hands: Sovereignty and Territorial Control in Three South African Settlements by Tamlyn Monson

- From Defending Migrant Rights to New Political Subjectivities: Gauteng Migrants' Organisations After May 2008 by Tara Polzer and Aurelia Wa Kabwe-Segatti

- Postscript: Demons and Democracy: Positive Values and the Politics of Outsiderness in Contemporary South Africa by Loren Landau

The book brings together a number of leading experts in the fields of public law, political science, and democratization studies to discuss problems of accountability, identify ways of making African governments accountable, and describe the extent to which these mechanisms work in practice. It presents new knowledge about legal and political developments in a number of African countries that is relevant to the policy goal of developing and deepening democratic governance and accountable government on the continent.

"Accountable Government" "in Africa" will be of interest to anyone with an interest in democracy and governance on the African continent, including students and practitioners in the fields of public law, public administration, political studies, and African studies.

This book provides an accessible and comprehensive evaluation of labor migration in general and Turkish labor migration to the European Union in particular. G?n?l O uz introduces the link between the European integration process and Turkish labor migration and focuses on critical issues and policies relating to economic, demographic, political, and social implications of the EU's eastern enlargement.

Advance praise for "EU Enlargement and Turkish Labour Migration " "It is surprising, given the longevity of migrant flows from Turkey into Western Europe, that there has so far been no similar text, and the author is to be congratulated on taking on the job. The arguments presented are well-supported by empirical data and by an extensive bibliography. It is clearly written and will be a welcome addition to the bookshelves of academics, policymakers, and other interested parties." --John Salt, emeritus professor of geography and director of the Migration Research Unit, University College London

"G?n?l O uz critically examines the issues of Turkey-related migration in the context of European enlargement, and provides stimulating answers to many questions fundamental to an understanding of the burning issues." --Ahmet duygu, professor of international relations and director of the Migration Research Program, Ko? University

"This provocative book argues that Turkish accession to the EU is more likely to be associated with a test-the-waters migration hump rather than an ongoing wave of Turkish migrants to EU member states." --Philip Martin, professor in the Department of Agricultural and Resource Economics, University of California?Davis, and chair of the University of California Comparative Immigration and Integration Program

Professor Ramesh Thakur, former senior vice-rector of the United Nations University and UN assistant secretarygeneral, is sometimes described as one of the intellectual godfathers of the Responsibility to Protect (R2P). Based in our common humanity, R2P is the acceptance of a duty of care by those living in safety to those trapped in zones of danger. It aims to convert a shocked international conscience into timely and decisive collective action to rescue vulnerable communities so that groups condemned to die in fear can live in hope instead. For more than a decade, Thakur has been deeply engaged with the international discourse on R2P as an influential member of the international commission that came up with this innovative principle. This book brings together his opinion articles from several newspapers in Australia, Canada, India, and Japan, and the "International Herald Tribune." It begins with Kosovo in 1999 and ends with Libya in 2011, with stops at way stations in Iraq, Darfur, Lebanon, Myanmar, Zimbabwe, Sri Lanka, Kenya, and Egypt.

Thakur argues that our choice in today's real world, with a universal human rights norm and an internationalized human conscience, is not whether international interventions will take place but where, when, how, and under whose authority. Given the nature and victims of modern armed conflict, protection of civilians and populations at risk of mass atrocities is a core international imperative. Progress toward the good international society requires that force be harnessed to UN authority as the Responsibility to Protect moves from a universally validated principle to a routinely actionable norm.

Rapid globalization has led to increased flows of capital, services, ideas, information, and people between countries. As such, problems and challenges that face one nation often have a rippling impact throughout the region and globally. The growing list of cross-border issues cannot be resolved by isolated policy action at the national or subnational levels. It is essential to forge strategic alliances at the regional level that support the development of consolidated approaches for dialogue and action.

This book discusses regional governance mechanisms and institutional arrangements to respond to emerging cross-border issues and trends in Asia and the Pacific, such as the movement of people including refugees and illegal migrants, regional trade integration for human development, effective and efficient water management, human trafficking, and health issues focusing on infectious disease surveillance and response.

While examining the impact of governance on these issues, the book considers these questions: What are the key cross-border governance issues in Asia? What are the regional governance mechanisms to cope with these issues? How effective are the regional mechanisms and national institutional capacities in responding to these issues? What factors contribute to the success or failure of the mechanisms for regional cooperation?

Contributors include Graeme Hugo (University of Adelaide), William J. Long (Sam Nunn School of International Affairs), Mike Douglass (University of Hawaii --Manoa), Taeho Bark (Seoul National University), and Mely Caballero-Anthony (S. Rajaratnam School of International Studies).

This volume focuses on society at the local and regional levels in a scenario where human beings coexist harmoniously with nature. This ideal society is examined in terms of the relationships between villages or towns and their natural environment and how they can achieve independence while facing pressures toward centralization and globalization. Because this requires both food and energy independence, farms, villages, and towns must have access to natural renewable energy and material circulation systems. There also needs to be a system to facilitate collaboration among the various elements.

To enable communities to retain their autonomy, public awareness of the importance of fostering local cultures and traditions is vital. Cultural independence demands that local ways of thinking be steered away from the "plunder nature" model toward "coexistence with nature." With economic globalization spearheading a trend toward standardization and uniformity in human values, this book highlights the importance of developing a society in harmony with nature through the networking of diverse communities to promote and achieve local independence.

This volume explores the sources and manifestations of political violence in South and Southeast Asia and the myriad roles that it plays in everyday life and as part of historical narrative. It considers and critiques the manner in which political violence is understood and constructed, and the common assumptions that prevail regarding the causes, victims, and perpetrators of this violence. By focusing on the social and political context of these regions, the book presents a critical understanding of the nature of political violence and provides an alternative narrative to that found in mainstream analysis of terrorism.

"Political Violence in South and Southeast Asia" brings together political scientists and anthropologists with intimate knowledge of the politics and society of these regions, who present unique perspectives on topics including assassinations, riots, state violence, the significance of geographic borders, external influences and intervention, and patterns of recruitment and rebellion.

Contributors include Paula Banerjee (Calcutta University and Calcutta Research Group), Vincent Boudreau (City College of New York), Paul R. Brass (University of Washington), Naureen Chowdhury Fink (International Peace Institute, New York), Natasha Hamilton-Hart (National University of Singapore), Sankaran Krishna (University of Hawaii --Manoa), Darini Rajasingham (Social Scientists Association and International Centre for Ethnic Studies, Sri Lanka), Geoffrey Robinson (UCLA), Varun Sahni (Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi), Shamuel Tharu (Jawaharlal Nehru University).

This book examines the complex role of human rights norms and standards throughout the region, illustrating the evolution and impact of international conventions, laws, and institutions. The chapters combine historical detail with a focus on present-day challenges for regional and domestic human rights regimes, highlighting particular obstacles, successful approaches, and strategies. Through case studies in North, Central, and South America, the volume provides a rich account of the evolving regional environment for rights protection and promotion.

"At last, we have a quality overview of human rights progress and challenges in the Americas. This volume fills a crucial gap in the literature, allowing us to assess the complex and fascinating human rights ebb and flow that has been the experience of Latin America, including the often contradictory role of the United States as champion and obstacle." --Richard Falk, Albert G. Milbank Professor Emeritus of International Law, Princeton University

"A very authoritative overview written by some of the real experts on the subject." --William A. Schabas, director, Irish Centre for Human Rights

Economic production indicators such as gross domestic product (GDP) and the Human Development Index (HDI) fail to reflect the state of natural resources or ecological conditions and both focus exclusively on the short term. The Inclusive Wealth Report 2014 is the second book in an important biennial series that provides a new framework for measuring the inclusive wealth of nations. It provides an overview of how the capital asset components of inclusive wealth evolved between 1990 and 2010, and analyses the meaning of these trends for sustainability. While the asset base studied is largely unchanged from the 2012 report, the country sample has been expanded from 20 to 140 nations and the focus has shifted from natural to human capital. This report offers a wealth of information for researchers and policy-makers, identifying key gaps in data and knowledge, and suggesting specific needs for future research.

In efforts to manage chemical pollutants such as POPs in Asia, the UN University (UNU) and Shimadzu Corporation established a pilot project in 1996 to aid developing Asian countries with the knowledge and technology to analyse and monitor such pollutants in the environment. This book summarizes some highlights of monitoring results obtained by the project's activities and reports the present status of the project.