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First published in 1997, this volume asks whether Africa's future
is necessarily rooted in peasant agriculture. The title of this
book, Farewell to Farms, is deliberately intended to challenge the
widely held view that Africa is the world's reserve for peasant
farming. African rural populations are themselves moving away from
a reliance on agriculture. 'De-agrarianisation' takes the form of
urban migration as well as the expansion of non-agricultural
activities in rural areas providing new income sources, occupations
and social identities for rural dwellers. Using recent
continent-wide case study evidence, the authors assess the impact
of de-agrarianisation on household welfare, business performance
and national development. Their findings, which reveal new economic
trajectories and social patterns emerging from a period of
accelerated change, call into question assumptions about Africa's
future place in the world division of labour.
First published in 1997, this volume asks whether Africa's future
is necessarily rooted in peasant agriculture. The title of this
book, Farewell to Farms, is deliberately intended to challenge the
widely held view that Africa is the world's reserve for peasant
farming. African rural populations are themselves moving away from
a reliance on agriculture. 'De-agrarianisation' takes the form of
urban migration as well as the expansion of non-agricultural
activities in rural areas providing new income sources, occupations
and social identities for rural dwellers. Using recent
continent-wide case study evidence, the authors assess the impact
of de-agrarianisation on household welfare, business performance
and national development. Their findings, which reveal new economic
trajectories and social patterns emerging from a period of
accelerated change, call into question assumptions about Africa's
future place in the world division of labour.
At the end of the 1970s Tunisia was hailed, among developing
countries, as the perfect example of the economic miracle. A decade
later and Tunisia is the perfect example of the economic tragedy.
The rapid development and industrialization - the Tunisian economy
has dramatically shifted from predominantly rural to urban - of the
70s and early 80s was so great as to double per capita income and
prompted the World Bank to promote Tunisia to the "middle income"
league. "Tunisia - Rural Labour and Structural Transformation",
identifies the reasons for the spectacular growth and subsequent
decline of the economy. The main aim of the book, however, is to
analyze this transformation, and its social and economic
implications for the country. In particular, the authors examine
the adjustments in the labour market and their effects on equity
and welfare.
Based on case studies of Sierra Leone, Tanzania and Zambia, this
book examines the changes in rural labour markets as a result of a
decade of structural adjustment programmes. These programmes were
meant to shift relative prices in favour of the agricultural
sector, and, within the agricultural sector, in favour of export
crops. In response, labour should have moved to the favoured
sector. The case studies show that such a shift did not occur and
the overview chapter reviews the complexities of the African labour
markets which ensured this outcome.
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