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Ubiquitous and fundamental in cell mechanics, multiscale
problems can arise in the growth of tumors, embryogenesis, tissue
engineering, and more. Cell Mechanics From Single Scale-Based
Models to Multiscale Modeling brings together new insight and
research on mechanical, mathematical, physical, and biological
approaches for simulating the behavior of cells, specifically tumor
cells.
In the first part of the text, the book discusses the powerful
tool of microrheology for investigating cell mechanical properties,
multiphysics and multiscale approaches for studying intracellular
mechanisms in cell motility, and the role of subcellular effects
involving certain genes for inducing cell motility in cancer.
Focusing on models based on physical, mathematical, and
computational approaches, the second section develops tools for
describing the complex interplay of cell adhesion molecules and the
dynamic evolution of the cell cytoskeleton. The third part explores
cell interactions with the environment, particularly the role of
external mechanical forces and their effects on cell behavior. The
final part presents innovative models of multicellular systems for
developmental biology, cancer, and embryogenesis.
This book collects novel methods to apply to cells and tissues
through a multiscale approach. It presents numerous existing tools
while stimulating the discovery of new approaches that can lead to
more effective and accurate predictions of pathologies.
What are the challenges and action points for agricultural
sustainability in Sub-Saharan Africa? This open access collection
of papers offers technical analyses, policy recommendations and an
overview of success stories to date. Each carefully selected paper
provides valuable insights for improved policy making and defines
relevant strategic priorities on Africa's sustainable
transformation process, which is in line with the international
development agenda. Although agriculture remains the main source of
income for Africa's population, the sector is rain-fed subjecting
it to the vagaries of weather and climate change. This volume
demonstrates the rationale of developing a competitive, inclusive
and sustainable agribusiness sector for Africa's food security and
structural transformation. From the impact of Bioenergy crop
adoption and Drought Index Insurance to Agro-Industrialization,
this volume is important reading for individual researchers,
academic associations and professional bodies interested in African
agricultural development.
This book reviews the current trends and challenges of regional
integration and trade in Africa. It provides valuable policy
recommendations aimed at stimulating the debate among the
government, private sector and development community on the ways to
promote regional trade for Africa's economic development.
A century of technical progress, critical analyses, and clinical
comparisons have shaped exercise testing in cardiology as we know
it today: a simple, noninvasive physiological test that yields
irreplaceable information on an individual s physical capacity and
ischemic risk. Increasingly prescribed, exercise testing is one of
the mostly commonly used medical examinations worldwide. It is both
diagnostically and prognostically valuable, and is optimized when
combined with myocardial perfusion imaging.. Its indications are
broadened every day and there is a good chance that each and every
one of us has had, or will one day have, an exercise test. This
short and precise book follows a pragmatic and hands-on approach to
help physicians who prescribe exercise testing to identify its
indications, advantages, and limits. And in interpreting the
findings they will find invaluable help in the section entitled:
What should be done with exercise test results? As for those who
perform exercise tests whether beginners or experts they will find
in these pages precious details and facts that can be profitably
employed in their everyday practice."
"With contributions by experts from official agencies in Africa,
international financial institutions, the private sector, and
academia, this book focuses on financial sector development in
Sub-Saharan Africa and how institutions can play a more active role
in economic development"--Provided by publisher.
The definitive reference on the most current economics of
development and institutions The essential role that institutions
play in understanding economic development has long been recognized
across the social sciences, including in economics. Academic and
policy interest in this subject has never been higher. The Handbook
of Economic Development and Institutions is the first to bring
together in one single volume the most cutting-edge work in this
area by the best-known international economists. The volume's
editors, themselves leading scholars in the discipline, provide a
comprehensive introduction, and the stellar contributors offer
up-to-date analysis into institutional change and its interactions
with the dynamics of economic development. This book focuses on
three critical issues: the definitions of institutions in order to
argue for a causal link to development, the complex interplay
between formal and informal institutions, and the evolution and
coevolution of institutions and their interactions with the
political economy of development. Topics examined include the
relationship between institutions and growth, educational systems,
the role of the media, and the intersection between traditional
systems of patronage and political institutions. Each
chapter-covering the frontier research in its area and pointing to
new areas of research-is the product of extensive workshopping on
the part of the contributors. The definitive reference work on this
topic, The Handbook of Economic Development and Institutions will
be essential for academics, researchers, and professionals working
in the field.
Ubiquitous and fundamental in cell mechanics, multiscale problems
can arise in the growth of tumors, embryogenesis, tissue
engineering, and more. Cell Mechanics: From Single Scale-Based
Models to Multiscale Modeling brings together new insight and
research on mechanical, mathematical, physical, and biological
approaches for simulating the behavior of cells, specifically tumor
cells. In the first part of the text, the book discusses the
powerful tool of microrheology for investigating cell mechanical
properties, multiphysics and multiscale approaches for studying
intracellular mechanisms in cell motility, and the role of
subcellular effects involving certain genes for inducing cell
motility in cancer. Focusing on models based on physical,
mathematical, and computational approaches, the second section
develops tools for describing the complex interplay of cell
adhesion molecules and the dynamic evolution of the cell
cytoskeleton. The third part explores cell interactions with the
environment, particularly the role of external mechanical forces
and their effects on cell behavior. The final part presents
innovative models of multicellular systems for developmental
biology, cancer, and embryogenesis. This book collects novel
methods to apply to cells and tissues through a multiscale
approach. It presents numerous existing tools while stimulating the
discovery of new approaches that can lead to more effective and
accurate predictions of pathologies.
What are the challenges and action points for agricultural
sustainability in Sub-Saharan Africa? This open access collection
of papers offers technical analyses, policy recommendations and an
overview of success stories to date. Each carefully selected paper
provides valuable insights for improved policy making and defines
relevant strategic priorities on Africa's sustainable
transformation process, which is in line with the international
development agenda. Although agriculture remains the main source of
income for Africa's population, the sector is rain-fed subjecting
it to the vagaries of weather and climate change. This volume
demonstrates the rationale of developing a competitive, inclusive
and sustainable agribusiness sector for Africa's food security and
structural transformation. From the impact of Bioenergy crop
adoption and Drought Index Insurance to Agro-Industrialization,
this volume is important reading for individual researchers,
academic associations and professional bodies interested in African
agricultural development.
In this ambitious exploration of how foreign trade policy is
made in democratic regimes, Daniel Verdier shows that special
interests, party ideologues, and state officials and diplomats act
as agents of the voters. Constructing a general theory in which
existing theories (rent-seeking, median voting, state autonomy)
function as partial explanations, he shows that trade institutions
are not fixed entities but products of political competition.
Domestic revenue mobilization has been a longstanding challenge for
countries in the Middle East and Central Asia. Insufficient revenue
has often constrained priority social and infrastructure spending,
reducing countries' ability to reach the Sustainable Development
Goals, improve growth prospects, and address climate related
challenges. Moreover, revenue shortfalls have often been
compensated by large and sustained debt accumulation, raising
vulnerabilities in some countries, and limiting fiscal space to
address future shocks. The COVID-19 pandemic and the war in Ukraine
have compounded challenges to sustainable public finances,
underscoring the need for revenue mobilization efforts. The recent
global crises have also exacerbated existing societal inequalities
and highlighted the importance of raising revenues in an efficient
and equitable manner. This paper examines the scope for additional
tax revenue mobilization and discusses policies to gradually raise
tax revenue while supporting resilient growth and inclusion in the
Middle East and Central Asia. The paper's main findings are that
excluding hydrocarbon revenues, the region's average tax intake
lags those of other regions; the region's fragile and
conflict-affected states (FCS) face particular challenges in
mobilizing tax revenue; In general, there is considerable scope to
raise additional tax revenue; countries have made efforts to raise
tax collection, but challenges remain; tax policy design, notably
low tax rates and pervasive tax exemptions, is an important factor
driving tax revenue shortfalls; weak tax compliance, reflecting
both structural features and challenges in revenue administration,
also plays a role; and personal income tax systems in the region
vary in their progressivity—the extent to which the average tax
rate increases with income—and in their ability to redistribute
income. These findings provide insights for policy action to raise
revenue while supporting resilient growth and inclusion. The
paper's analysis points to these priorities for the region to
improve both efficiency and equity of tax systems: improving tax
policy design to broaden the tax base and increase progressivity
and redistributive capacity; strengthening revenue administration
to improve compliance; and implementing structural reforms to
incentivize tax compliance, formalization, and economic
diversification.
A masterpiece of ethnographic observation on seventeenth-century
Spain. Â While mysteries remain in her biography, Madame
d’Aulnoy’s tremendous literary talent is finally being
rediscovered. Marie-Catherine Le Jumel de Barneville, baronne
d’Aulnoy (1652–1705) was the first Frenchwoman to write,
publicize, and publish the account of her travels into Spain as an
independent woman. Considered the authority on Spain for nearly two
centuries until historiographers labeled them as
disreputable, Travels into Spain can now be appreciated
for its ironic gaze on realities concealed from male travelers and
Madame d’Aulnoy’s unabashedly female and often playful voice.
Her writing casts a unique light on gender relations, the condition
of women, cultural biases, national rivalries, and religious
superstitions at a critical time in early modern cultural and
literary history. The first modern translation of Travels
into Spain, this book situates Madame d’Aulnoy’s account in its
historical context. Travels into Spain is a masterpiece
of ethnographic observation, expressing a woman’s view on gender
relations, marriage, religion, fashion, food, bullfights, and the
Inquisition.  Â
ltats - avec une generalite minimale, souvent insuffisante pour les
applications -et une idee de leur demonstration. Pour des resultats
complets, ou des demonstrationsdetaillees, SGA 4 reste
indispensable.Le "Rapport sur la formule des traces" contient une
demonstration complete dela formule des traces pour l'endomorphisme
de Frobenius. La demonstration est celledonnee par Grothendieck
dans SGA 5, elaguee de tout detail inutile. Ce rapportdevrait
permettre a utilisateur d'oublier SGA 5, qu'on pourra considerer
comme uneserie de digression, certaines tres interessantes. Son
existence permettra de publierprochainement SGA 5 tel quel. Il est
complete par l'expose "Applications de laformule des traces aux
sommes trigonometriques" qui explique comment la formuledes traces
permet l'etude de sommes trigonometriques, et donne des exemples..
Leverage this example-packed, comprehensive guide for all your
Python computational needs Key Features Learn the first steps
within Python to highly specialized concepts Explore examples and
code snippets taken from typical programming situations within
scientific computing. Delve into essential computer science
concepts like iterating, object-oriented programming, testing, and
MPI presented in strong connection to applications within
scientific computing. Book DescriptionPython has tremendous
potential within the scientific computing domain. This updated
edition of Scientific Computing with Python features new chapters
on graphical user interfaces, efficient data processing, and
parallel computing to help you perform mathematical and scientific
computing efficiently using Python. This book will help you to
explore new Python syntax features and create different models
using scientific computing principles. The book presents Python
alongside mathematical applications and demonstrates how to apply
Python concepts in computing with the help of examples involving
Python 3.8. You'll use pandas for basic data analysis to understand
the modern needs of scientific computing, and cover data module
improvements and built-in features. You'll also explore numerical
computation modules such as NumPy and SciPy, which enable fast
access to highly efficient numerical algorithms. By learning to use
the plotting module Matplotlib, you will be able to represent your
computational results in talks and publications. A special chapter
is devoted to SymPy, a tool for bridging symbolic and numerical
computations. By the end of this Python book, you'll have gained a
solid understanding of task automation and how to implement and
test mathematical algorithms within the realm of scientific
computing. What you will learn Understand the building blocks of
computational mathematics, linear algebra, and related Python
objects Use Matplotlib to create high-quality figures and graphics
to draw and visualize results Apply object-oriented programming
(OOP) to scientific computing in Python Discover how to use pandas
to enter the world of data processing Handle exceptions for writing
reliable and usable code Cover manual and automatic aspects of
testing for scientific programming Get to grips with parallel
computing to increase computation speed Who this book is forThis
book is for students with a mathematical background, university
teachers designing modern courses in programming, data scientists,
researchers, developers, and anyone who wants to perform scientific
computation in Python.
"The Organization of Firms in a Global Economy" presents a new
research program that is transforming the study of international
trade. Driven by the availability of new micro data sets and
innovative theoretical models, it focuses on the level of firms,
products, and stages of production rather than on countries and
industries. It addresses such questions as why only a small
proportion of firms in a given industry export and why an even
smaller proportion invest abroad; why exporters tend to be more
productive than nonexporters; why almost one-third of international
trade takes place between units of the same firm and why as much as
two-thirds involves multinational firms as exporter, importer, or
both; and why international trade may have been the most important
driver of organizational changes in the corporation that have been
taking place in the last decade.
Until a few years ago, models of international trade did not
recognize the heterogeneity of firms and exporters, and could not
provide good explanations of international production networks. Now
such models exist and are explored in this volume.
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