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Hate speech has been extensively studied by disciplines such as
social psychology, sociology, history, politics and law. Some
significant areas of study have been the origins of hate speech in
past and modern societies around the world; the way hate speech
paves the way for harmful social movements; the socially
destructive force of propaganda; and the legal responses to hate
speech. On reviewing the literature, one major weakness stands out:
hate speech, a crime perpetrated primarily by malicious and
damaging language use, has no significant study in the field of
linguistics. Historically, pragmatic theories have tended to
address language as cooperative action, geared to reciprocally
informative polite understanding. As a result of this idealized
view of language, negative types of discourse such as harassment,
defamation, hate speech, etc. have been neglected as objects of
linguistic study. Since they go against social, moral and legal
norms, many linguists have wrongly depicted those acts of wrong
communication as unusual, anomalous or deviant when they are, in
fact, usual and common in modern societies all over the world. The
book analyses the challenges legal practitioners and linguists must
meet when dealing with hate speech, especially with the advent of
new technologies and social networks, and takes a linguistic
perspective by targeting the knowledge the linguist can provide
that makes harassment actionable.
This edited book provides a comprehensive survey of the modern
state of the art in forensic linguistics. Part I of the book
focuses on the role of the linguist as an expert witness in common
law and civil law jurisdictions, the relation of expert witnesses
and lawyers, ethics standards, and courtroom interaction. Part II
deals with some of the major areas of expertise of forensic
linguistics as the scientific study of language as evidence, namely
authorship identification, speaker identification, text
authentication, deception and lie detection, plagiarism detection,
and cyber language crimes. This book is intended to be used as a
reference for academics, students and practitioners of Linguistics,
Forensic Linguistics, Law, Criminology, and Forensic Psychology,
among other disciplines.
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