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The year 2014 saw the 200th anniversary of Napoleon's downfall -
and the restauration of the French monarchy under the house of
Bourbon. With this as a starting point, Volker Sellin shows how the
European monarchies restored and prolonged their reigns by giving
their countries constitutions. This new angle results in an
astonishing history of the 19th century in Europe from Spain to
Russia.
Benjamin Constant distinguished two kinds of government: unlawful
government based on violence, and legitimate government based on
the general will. In Europe monarchy was for over a thousand years
considered the natural form of legitimate government. The sources
of its legitimacy were the dynastic principle, religion, and the
ability to protect against foreign aggression. At the end of the
eighteenth century the revolutions in America and France called
into question the traditional legitimacy of monarchy, but Volker
Sellin shows that in response to this challenge monarchy opened up
new sources of legitimacy by concluding alliances with
constitutionalism, nationalism, and social reform. In some cases
the age of revolution brought on a new type of leader, basing his
claim to power on charisma.
The year 2014 sees the 200th anniversary of Napoleon's downfall -
and the restauration of the French monarchy under the house of
Bourbon. With this as a starting point, Volker Sellin shows how the
European monarchies restored and prolonged their reigns by giving
their countries constitutions. This new angle results in an
astonishing history of the 19th century in Europe from Spain to
Russia.
Warum nehmen Menschen es hin, dass andere Menschen Herrschaft uber
sie ausuben? Sie lassen sich beherrschen, solange sie die
Herrschaft als legitim anerkennen. Ohne Legitimitat wird Herrschaft
zur Gewalt. Als legitime Form der Herrschaft galt in Europa uber
ein Jahrtausend lang die Monarchie. Erst Aufklarung und Revolution
stellten die Legitimitat der Monarchie in Frage. In einem
europaweiten Vergleich, der meisterhaft Politik- und
Kulturgeschichte verzahnt, zeigt Volker Sellin, wie die Monarchie
es verstand, ihre Legitimitat trotzdem fast uberall noch uber
Generationen hinweg zu bewahren. Welchen Anteil hatten daran die
traditionellen Vorstellungen von dynastischer
Herrschaftsberechtigung, Gottesgnadentum und Kriegserfolg? Welche
Bedeutung gewannen neue legitimitatsstiftende Leistungen wie
Verfassungsgebung, nationale Politik oder soziale Reform? "Die
Fragen des sehr gelungenen Buches werfen historisches Licht auf die
Gegenwart. Das Problem, wie man Macht und Legitimitat in
umsturzenden Zeiten beibehalt, ist nicht nur fur gekronte Haupter
in der Vergangenheit relevant." (Bo Strath, Professor fur
nordische, europaische und Weltgeschichte an der Universitat
Helsinki)"
The year 2014 saw the 200th anniversary of Napoleon's downfall -
and the restauration of the French monarchy under the house of
Bourbon. With this as a starting point, Volker Sellin shows how the
European monarchies restored and prolonged their reigns by giving
their countries constitutions. This new angle results in an
astonishing history of the 19th century in Europe from Spain to
Russia.
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