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During the last decade physical and chemical methods have improved
rapidly - a fact which allowed the mode of action of antibiotics to
be studied - and many biochemically-oriented scientists have
devoted their research to the following questions: 1. What is the
metabolic pathway that is inhibited selectively, and what are the
target molecules within a sensitive cell? 2. What are the
relationships between the chemical structure of an antibiotic and
the physicochemical properties of the sensitive mole cule(s)? 3.
Why and how far is the action selective? 4. Is it possible to
correlate the interaction with the target mole cule(s) with the
particular biological activities observed? This monograph deals
with those antibiotics which interfere with the biosynthesis of
nucleic acids. The idea was to provide an insight into how to
investigate the preceding questions experimentally and to solve as
yet unresolved problems rather than to give a review of the current
state of knowledge. Although the biochemistry of nucleic acid
synthesis is known in general, the precise molecular mechanisms by
which deoxyribonucleic acid is replicated or transcribed has still
to be clarified. For this reason it is not yet possible to describe
the molecular mechanisms by which the inhibitors of nucleic acid
and protein synthesis exhibit their effects. The fact that the
inhibitors of nucleic acid and protein synthesis themselves served
as useful tools to obtain an insight into the mechanisms of
replication, transcription and translation was one of the most
exciting discoveries in this field."
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