Interdiction operations are actions to divert, disrupt, delay, or destroy an enemy's surface capabilities before they can be used effectively against friendly forces, or to otherwise achieve objectives. In support of law enforcement, interdiction includes activities conducted to divert, disrupt, delay, intercept, board, detain, or destroy, under lawful authority, vessels, vehicles, aircraft, people, cargo, and money. Joint force commanders (JFCs) integrate and synchronize operations and employ military forces and capabilities, as well as nonmilitary resources, across the range of military operations resulting in greater combat power and operational effectiveness. JFCs arrange symmetrical and asymmetrical actions to take advantage of friendly strengths and enemy vulnerabilities and to preserve freedom of action for future operations. Interdiction can create opportunities for commanders to exploit and should be integrated with other operations of the joint force. The purpose of interdiction operations is to prevent the adversary from using assets at the time and place of his choosing. This publication provides doctrine for planning, preparing, executing, and assessing joint interdiction operations.

This publication provides joint doctrine and information for the planning, preparation, and execution of legal support to joint military operations. This publication has been prepared under the direction of the Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff, and has been reviewed favorably by the General Counsel of the Department of Defense as the Chief Legal Officer of the Department. It sets forth joint doctrine to guide the activities and performance of the Armed Forces of the United States in operations and provides the doctrinal basis for interagency coordination and for US military involvement in multinational operations. It provides military guidance for the exercise of authority by combatant commanders and other joint force commanders (JFCs) and prescribes joint doctrine for operations and training. It provides military guidance for use by the Armed Forces in preparing their appropriate plans. This publication is not intended to restrict the authority of the JFC in organizing the force and executing the mission in a manner the JFC deems most appropriate to ensure unity of effort in the accomplishment of the overall objective. Joint doctrine established in this publication applies to the comm anders of combatant commands, subunified commands, joint task forces, subordinate components of these commands, and the Services. The guidance in this publication is authoritative; as such, this doctrine will be followed except when, in the judgment of the commander, exceptional circumstances dictate otherwise. If conflicts arise between the contents of this publication and the contents of Service publications, this publication will take precedence unless the Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff, normally in coordination with the other members of the Joint Chiefs of Staff, has provided more current and specific guidance. Commanders of forces operating as part of a multinational (alliance or coalition) military command should follow multinational doctrine and procedures approved by the United States. For doctrine and procedures not approved by the United States, commanders should evaluate and follow the multinational command's doctrine and procedures, where applicable and consistent with US law, regulations, and doctrine.

Engineer capabilities are a significant force multiplier in joint operations, facilitating the freedom of action necessary for the joint force commander (JFC) to meet mission objectives. Engineer operations modify, maintain, provide understanding of, and protect the physical environment. Joint doctrine for engineer operations is built upon, and consistent with, the principles of joint operations described in Joint Publication (JP) 1, Doctrine for the Armed Forces of the United States, and JP 3-0, Joint Operations. Engineer operations enhance the ability of the JFC to successfully apply these principles to joint operations.Major operations and campaigns frequently require ground combat (or the possibility of ground combat), as do crisis response and contingency operations. Such operations will require engineers who can integrate their activities with the fires and maneuver of ground combat forces to assure the mobility of friendly forces, alter the mobility of adversaries, and enhance the protection of friendly forces. Some activities require engineer capabilities as an inherent part of a mission to provide support outside the joint force. Engineer support is inherent in the tasks of stability operations to restore or provide essential services, such as water, power, and transportation, and to repair critical infrastructure. This publication provides doctrine for the planning, command and control, execution, and assessment of joint engineer operations. This publication has been prepared under the direction of the Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff. It sets forth joint doctrine to govern the activities and performance of the Armed Forces of the United States in operations and provides the doctrinal basis for interagency coordination and for US military involvement in multinational operations. It provides military guidance for the exercise of authority by combatant commanders and other joint force commanders (JFCs) and prescribes joint doctrine for operations and training. It provides military guidance for use by the Armed Forces in preparing their appropriate plans. It is not the intent of this publication to restrict the authority of the JFC from organizing the force and executing the mission in a manner the JFC deems most appropriate to ensure unity of effort in the accomplishment of the overall objective.

A joint task force (JTF) is established when the scope, complexity, or other factors of the contingency or crisis require capabilities of Services from at least two Military Departments operating under a single joint force commander (JFC). The JTF establishing authority designates the commander, joint task force (CJTF), assigns the mission, designates forces, delegates command authorities and relationships, and provides other command and control (C2) guidance necessary for the CJTF to form the joint force and begin operations. The appropriate authority may establish a JTF on a geographic or functional basis or a combination of the two. In either case, the establishing authority typically assigns a joint operations area (JOA) to the JTF. The size, composition, capabilities, and other attributes will vary significantly among JTFs based on the mission and various factors of the operational environment, such as the adversary, the geography of the JO A, the nature of the crisis (e.g., flood, earthquake), and the time available to accomplish the mission. Joint functions are related capabilities and activities grouped together to help the JFC and component commanders integrate, synchronize, and direct joint operations. Functions that are common to joint operations at all levels of war fall into six basic groups: C2, intelligence, fires, movement and maneuver, protection, and sustainment. The Basic Element of the JTF Staff is the Directorate. Typically, these are the manpower and personnel directorate of a joint staff (J-1), intelligence directorate of a joint staff (J-2), operations directorate of a joint staff (J-3), logistics directorate of a joint staff (J-4), plans directorate of a joint staff (J-5), and communications system directorate of a joint staff (J-6). The CJTF, joint force staff, and components may operate with m any interorganizational partners throughout the course of a single operation. The nature of interaction and considerations (type, authorities, protocols, etc.) vary with each potential partner. This publication provides joint doctrine for the formation and employment of a JTF HQ to C2 joint operations. It provides guidance on the role of the JTF HQ in planning, preparing, executing, and assessing JTF operations.

The Joint Mortuary Affairs Program is a broadly based military program providing for the care and disposition of missing and deceased personnel, including personal effects (PE). Based on the guidance and direction of the Secretary of Defense (SecDef) and the Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff, the Joint Mortuary Affairs Program provides guidance to the combatant commands and Services. Policy as stated in Department of Defense Directive (DODD) 1300.22, Mortuary Affairs Policy, is that the human remains of all members of the Armed Forces of the United States will be returned for permanent disposition in accordance with the decedent's will or the laws of the state (territory, possession, or country) of the decedent's legal residence as directed by the person authorized to direct disposition of human remains (PADD). During peacetime and peace operations, mortuary services are provided at the local level by regional Service mortuaries or through established Service contracts. During military operations when local support capabilities are exceeded or not available, the Department of Defense (DOD) can direct all human remains go to a specified mortuary, normally the Port Mortuary at Dover Air Force Base, Delaware. The specified mortuary will provide positive identification (ID) (if augmented by Armed Forces Medical Examiner System), mortuary services, and return human remains to a place designated by the PADD for permanent disposition. This publication provides joint doctrine for MA support in joint operations. It outlines procedures for the search, recovery, evacuation (to include tracking of human remains), tentative ID, processing, and/or temporary interment of human remains. This publication addresses both the DOD's MA responsibilities in regards to civil support duties under Commander, USNORTHCOM and to the other GCCs. It further addresses decontam ination procedures for handling contaminated human remains and provides for the handling of PE of deceased and missing personnel.

Noncombatant evacuation operations (NEOs) are conducted to assist the Department of State (DOS) in evacuating US citizens, Department of Defense (DOD) civilian personnel, and designated host nation (HN) and third country nationals (TCNs) whose lives are in danger from locations in a foreign nation to an appropriate safe haven. The United States Government (USG) will consider evacuating TCNs and host country nationals on a case-bycase, space available/reimbursable basis. Although normally considered in connection with hostile action, evacuation may also be conducted in anticipation of, or in response to, any natural or man-made disaster. NEOs have special characteristics. NEOs have humanitarian, military, economic, diplomatic, and political implications. NEOs usually involve swift insertion of a force, temporary occupation of an objective, and a planned withdrawal upon completion of the mission. The command and control structure and the political and diplomatic factors involved in timing the execution of the military support of NEOs make them different from other military operations. During NEOs, the US ambassador, not the geographic combatant commander (GCC) or subordinate joint force commander (JFC), is the senior USG authority for the evacuation and, as such, is ultimately responsible for the successful completion of the NEO and the safety of the evacuees. The decision to evacuate a US embassy and the order to execute a NEO is political. The GCC may decide to create a joint task force (JTF) to conduct a NEO or may task a component commander to conduct the NEO. Rules of engagement may be such that the JTF should be prepared to protect personnel (military and evacuees) from a wide variety of threats while not necessarily having the authority to preempt hostile actions by proactive military measures. NEOs may occur in permissive, uncertain, or hostile environments. Evacuation operations are characterized by uncertainty and may be directed without warning because of sudden changes in a country's government, reoriented diplomatic or military relationships with the United States, a sudden hostile threat to US citizens from a force within or external to an HN, or a devastating natural or man-made disaster. Some key factors in noncombatant evacuation planning are situational awareness; a correct appraisal and understanding of the changing diplomatic, political, and military environment in which the evacuation force will operate; time constraints and risk; and preparation of the evacuation force for a situation that may rapidly move from permissive to uncertain or hostile. Alternative plans should be developed for permissive, uncertain, and hostile environments. This publication provides doctrine for planning and conducting joint NEO throughout the range of military operations. Specific information on repatriation operations is also provided.