Themulticomponentnatureofbiologicalmembranesandtheirintra- andextracel- lar interactions make direct investigations on the membrane structure and processes nearly impossible. Clearly, a better understanding of the membrane properties and the mechanisms determining membrane protein functions is crucial to the imp- mentation of biosensors, bioreactors and novel platforms for medical therapy. For this reason, the interest in model systems suitable for the construction and study of complex lipid/protein membrane architectures has increased steadily over the years. The classical portfolio of model membranes used for biophysical and - terfacial studies of lipid (bi)layers and lipid/protein composites includes Langmuir monolayers assembled at the water/air interface, (uni- and multi-lamellar) vesicles in bulk (liposomal) dispersion, bimolecular lipid membranes (BLMs), and various types of solid-supported membranes. All these have speci?c advantages but also suffer from serious drawbacksthat limit their technical applications. Polymer m- branes comprised of entirely synthetic or hybrid (synthetic polymer/biopolymer) block copolymersappeared to be an attractive alternative to the lipid-based models. Generally, the synthetic block copolymer membranes are thicker and more stable and the versatility of polymer chemistry allows the adoption of relevant properties for a wide range of applications. This volume provides a vast overview of the physico-chemical and synthetic - pectsofarti?cial membranes. Numerousmembranemodelsaredescribed,including their properties(i. e. swelling, drying,lateral mobility,stability, electrical conduct- ity, etc. ), advantages, and drawbacks. The potential applications of these models are discussed and supported by real examples. Chapter 1 summarizesmethodsfor the stabilizationof arti?cial lipid membranes.

The accompanying ecological research for using wind energy in the German North and Baltic Seas is part of a series of research projects in the German Government's Investment Programme for the Future. It has brought out a variety of results about possible effects on the marine environment. This book provides an overview of the state of the accompanying ecological research in Germany. The main objective of the book is to show the relevance of the new results of these research projects for the planning and permission process for offshore wind energy plants.

This book was kindly supported and funded by:
Federal Ministry for the Environment, Nature Conservation and Nuclear Safety (BMU)
and
Julich Research Centre
The Project Management Organization Julich (PtJ) "

This text is a second, revised edition of the original 1986 publication. Since that time, the issue of contract change has increasingly challenged the business community and legal practitioners. This edition studies the investor-host country relationship, on which successful investment is most dependent. In particular, the book studies the pressure by host countries for contract change and its counterpart - the investor's defence of contract stability. The book is essentially a reference handbook for legal practitioners. It analyzes a variety of increasingly important questions concerning international investment agreements that come under pressure for change by one of the contracting parties - either a transnational corporation or a host country government.

This book provides the only compendium of the research efforts of the German Federal Republic for the development of offshore wind energy that summarizes the main findings of German accompanying research. The main objective of the book is to show the relevance of the new results and realizations of the research projects for the planning and permission process for offshore wind energy plants.

Themulticomponentnatureofbiologicalmembranesandtheirintra- andextracel- lar interactions make direct investigations on the membrane structure and processes nearly impossible. Clearly, a better understanding of the membrane properties and the mechanisms determining membrane protein functions is crucial to the imp- mentation of biosensors, bioreactors and novel platforms for medical therapy. For this reason, the interest in model systems suitable for the construction and study of complex lipid/protein membrane architectures has increased steadily over the years. The classical portfolio of model membranes used for biophysical and - terfacial studies of lipid (bi)layers and lipid/protein composites includes Langmuir monolayers assembled at the water/air interface, (uni- and multi-lamellar) vesicles in bulk (liposomal) dispersion, bimolecular lipid membranes (BLMs), and various types of solid-supported membranes. All these have speci?c advantages but also suffer from serious drawbacksthat limit their technical applications. Polymer m- branes comprised of entirely synthetic or hybrid (synthetic polymer/biopolymer) block copolymersappeared to be an attractive alternative to the lipid-based models. Generally, the synthetic block copolymer membranes are thicker and more stable and the versatility of polymer chemistry allows the adoption of relevant properties for a wide range of applications. This volume provides a vast overview of the physico-chemical and synthetic - pectsofarti?cial membranes. Numerousmembranemodelsaredescribed,including their properties(i. e. swelling, drying,lateral mobility,stability, electrical conduct- ity, etc. ), advantages, and drawbacks. The potential applications of these models are discussed and supported by real examples. Chapter 1 summarizesmethodsfor the stabilizationof arti?cial lipid membranes.

Die gesetzliche Rentenversicherung und die Invaliditatsversicherung werden im vorliegenden Buch kritisch untersucht. In einem mikrooekonomischen Modell werden die Konsum-, Spar- und Arbeitsentscheidungen der Mitglieder analysiert. U.a. wird der Feldstein-Hypothese nachgegangen, sowie eine allokativ neutrale Beitragsgestaltung der leistungsbezogenen Altersrente betrachtet. Der Generationenvertrag wird in einem Modell sich uberlappender Generationen besonders plastisch, langfristige Entwicklungstrends werden aufgezeigt und ein Vergleich verschiedener Finanzierungsverfahren der gesetzlichen Rentenversicherung ermoeglicht. Ein weiterer Teil behandelt die Invaliditatsversicherung. Die Berucksichtigung des moralischen Risikos fuhrt zu dem grundlegenden Ergebnis, dass Invaliditatsrenten mit der Lange der Beitragsphase steigen sollen. Dem Laien wird diese Aussage als selbstverstandlich erscheinen, jedoch weiss der Experte, dass eindeutige Aussagen dieser Art nur selten abzuleiten sind, da Anreizprobleme einen hohen Grad der Komplexitat in sich bergen. Das Besondere des Buches liegt in der durch die Neoklassik gepragten Analyse, die auch vor Tabus nicht halt machen will. So wird die Vorteilhaftigkeit der gesetzlichen Rentenversicherung stark in Zweifel gezogen und ein Pladoyer fur alternative Finanzierungsverfahren und mehr Wettbewerb mit privaten Versicherungen gehalten. Dem Leser wird bei der Lekture eine Abkehr vom Denken in Besitzstandswahrungen und eine Hinwendung zur allokativen Effizienz nahegelegt. Promotoren der gesetzlichen Rentenversicherung werden sich in Zukunft verstarkt mit den hier geausserten Ansichten auseinandersetzen mussen.

Wolfgang Peter May is no stranger to war. As a young child, he fled from his home in Breslau, Germany-now Wroclaw, Poland-during World War II and witnessed the destruction of Dresden. He immigrated to the United States and eventually joined the US Army. While in the army, he became an intelligence operations officer of the Fourth Armored Division in Germany, and he served in the Vietnam War. These life events profoundly impacted May's view of war. In The War Around Us, he explores and debates the many past and present faces of war. Juxtaposing his personal experiences with world events, May delivers a thought-provoking view of warfare. May discusses World War I, the development of the atomic bomb, war criminals, and the ineffectiveness of political leaders. He even comes to grips with his own war guilt from the Vietnam War and shares his family's experience in Germany during World War II. May's observations offer a sobering statement of how armed conflict can leave a legacy that will resonate for generations to come. Part memoir and part commentary, The War Around Us delivers a hard-hitting, first-person look at the true face of war.

Mit der He 162 versuchte Nazideutschland, den Luftkrieg in letzter Minute doch noch f r sich zu entscheiden. Deshalb f hrte Heinkel seine Neukonstruktion mit aberwitziger Geschwindigkeit vom Rei brett in die Serienfertigung - lange bevor der Jet alle Kinderkrankheiten berwunden hatte. Nachdem die Alliierten gegen Kriegsende einige Exemplare erbeutet hatten, stellten sie fest, dass G rings letzte Hoffnung alles andere als einfach zu fliegen war. Also verh rten sie deutsche Luftwaffenpiloten, die in Kriegsgefangenschaft geraten waren. Mit den dabei gesammelten Erfahrungsberichten aus erster Hand konnten die Sieger ihre eigenen Erprobungen des Strahlflugzeugs vergleichsweise gefahrlos durchf hren. Die Aussagen der deutschen Piloten sind erhalten und dieses Buch macht sie erstmals in deutscher Sprache zug nglich. Da die wenigen noch existierenden Maschinen des Typs He 162 kaum jemals wieder fliegen werden, sind diese Berichte die letzten Quellen, die diese ansonsten stummen Zeugen der Luftfahrtgeschichte erlebbar machen.