A practical and insightful discussion of time-frequency analysis methods and technologies Time-frequency analysis of seismic signals aims to reveal the local properties of nonstationary signals. The local properties, such as time-period, frequency, and spectral content, vary with time, and the time of a seismic signal is a proxy of geologic depth. Therefore, the time-frequency spectrum is composed of the frequency spectra that are generated by using the classic Fourier transform at different time positions. Different time-frequency analysis methods are distinguished in the construction of the local kernel prior to using the Fourier transform. Based on the difference in constructing the Fourier transform kernel, this book categorises time-frequency analysis methods into two groups: Gabor transform-type methods and energy density distribution methods. This book systematically presents time-frequency analysis methods, including technologies which have not been previously discussed in print or in which the author has been instrumental in developing. In the presentation of each method, the fundamental theory and mathematical concepts are summarised, with an emphasis on the engineering aspects. This book also provides a practical guide to geophysicists who attempt to generate geophysically meaningful time-frequency spectra, who attempt to process seismic data with time-dependent operations for the fidelity of nonstationary signals, and who attempt to exploit the time-frequency space seismic attributes for quantitative characterisation of hydrocarbon reservoirs.

High-pressure mineral physics is a field that is strongly driven by the development of new technology. Fifty years ago, when experimentally achievable pressures were limited to just 25 GPa, little was know about the mineralogy of the Earth's lower mantle. Silicate perovskite, the likely dominant mineral of the deep Earth, was identified only when the high-pressure techniques broke the pressure barrier of 25 GPa in 1970s. However, as the maximum achievable pressure reached beyond one Megabar (100 GPa) and even to the pressure of Earth's core on minute samples, new discoveries increasingly were fostered by the development of new analytical techniques and improvements in sensitivity and precision of existing techniques.

The book consists of six sections which group the papers according to their main topics: a) Elastic and Anelastic Properties; b) Rheology; c) Melt and Glass Properties; d) Structural and Magnetic Properties; e) Diffraction and Spectroscopy; f) Pressure Calibration and Generation. As many papers cover multiple topics, readers may find papers of interest in different sections. All papers are prepared with emphasis on technical details suitable for a technical reference. Many on-line software resources are also listed in as detailed a manner as possible. However, the URL of the software sites may be subject to change without notice.
* State of the art in a very important branch of geophysics, namely the experimental determination of material behavior at the extreme conditions of planetary interiors
* Emphasis on technical details suitable for a technical reference
* Includes many on-line software resources

Seismic inversion aims to reconstruct a quantitative model of the Earth subsurface, by solving an inverse problem based on seismic measurements. There are at least three fundamental issues to be solved simultaneously: non-linearity, non-uniqueness, and instability. This book covers the basic theory and techniques used in seismic inversion, corresponding to these three issues, emphasising the physical interpretation of theoretical concepts and practical solutions. This book is written for master and doctoral students who need to understand the mathematical tools and the engineering aspects of the inverse problem needed to obtain geophysically meaningful solutions. Building on the basic theory of linear inverse problems, the methodologies of seismic inversion are explained in detail, including ray-impedance inversion and waveform tomography etc. The application methodologies are categorised into convolutional and wave-equation based groups. This systematic presentation simplifies the subject and enables an in-depth understanding of seismic inversion. This book also provides a practical guide to reservoir geophysicists who are attempting quantitative reservoir characterisation based on seismic data. Philosophically, the seismic inverse problem allows for a range of possible solutions, but the techniques described herein enable geophysicists to exclude models that cannot satisfy the available data. This book summarises the author s extensive experience in both industry and academia and includes innovative techniques not previously published.

Data Quality provides an exposA(c) of research and practice in the data quality field for technically oriented readers. It is based on the research conducted at the MIT Total Data Quality Management (TDQM) program and work from other leading research institutions. This book is intended primarily for researchers, practitioners, educators and graduate students in the fields of Computer Science, Information Technology, and other interdisciplinary areas. It forms a theoretical foundation that is both rigorous and relevant for dealing with advanced issues related to data quality. Written with the goal to provide an overview of the cumulated research results from the MIT TDQM research perspective as it relates to database research, this book is an excellent introduction to Ph.D. who wish to further pursue their research in the data quality area. It is also an excellent theoretical introduction to IT professionals who wish to gain insight into theoretical results in the technically-oriented data quality area, and apply some of the key concepts to their practice.

In the age of globalization, China presents a unique setting for organizations. However, the uncertainties and ambiguities prevalent in the Chinese business environment, in particular in the area of marketing competences and strategic flexibility, are neither well understood nor effectively negotiated by the international investment community. With examination of what is currently happening in terms of Chinese business, this book addresses Chinese business culture and its turbulent business environment. In particular, it discusses how firms build and leverage distinctive competences, capabilities of organizationhal learning and strategic flexibility to achieve superior customer-focused performance in fast-moving environments.

Contemporary spinal surgeons, whether orthopedic or neurosurgeons, are increasingly recognizing minimally invasive spine surgery (MISS) as a valuable option for managing advanced degenerative diseases. MISS techniques minimize blood loss and surgical site pain, while speeding recovery. Thus, the combination of MISS with adult spinal deformity was a natural choice. Currently, the techniques, technologies, and education of surgeons have finally reached a point where MISS deformity surgeries are becoming commonplace. Nevertheless, the field is young enough (and still evolving) that no comprehensive texts have addressed the unique challenges it poses for surgeons. This book fills that gap.

Data Quality provides an expose of research and practice in the data quality field for technically oriented readers. It is based on the research conducted at the MIT Total Data Quality Management (TDQM) program and work from other leading research institutions. This book is intended primarily for researchers, practitioners, educators and graduate students in the fields of Computer Science, Information Technology, and other interdisciplinary areas. It forms a theoretical foundation that is both rigorous and relevant for dealing with advanced issues related to data quality. Written with the goal to provide an overview of the cumulated research results from the MIT TDQM research perspective as it relates to database research, this book is an excellent introduction to Ph.D. who wish to further pursue their research in the data quality area. It is also an excellent theoretical introduction to IT professionals who wish to gain insight into theoretical results in the technically-oriented data quality area, and apply some of the key concepts to their practice.

This book constitutes the proceedings of the International Symposium on Multimedia Communications and Video Coding (ISMCVC95) held October 11 - 13, 1995, at the Poly technic University in Brooklyn, New York. This Symposium was organized under the aus pices of the New York State funded Center for Advanced Technology in Telecommunications (CATT), in cooperation with the Communications Society and the Signal Processing Society of the Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers (IEEE). In preparing this book, we have summarized the topics presented in various sessions of the Symposium, including the keynote addresses, the Service Provider and Vendor Session, the Panel Discussion, as well as the twelve Technical Sessions. This summary is presented in the Introduction. 'Full papers submitted by the presenters are organized into eleven chapters, divided into three parts. Part I focuses on systems issues in multimedia communications. Part II concentrates on video coding algorithms. Part III discusses the interplay between video coding and network control for video delivery over various channels."

Owing to the developments and applications of computer science, ma thematicians began to take a serious interest in the applications of number theory to numerical analysis about twenty years ago. The progress achieved has been both important practically as well as satisfactory from the theoretical view point. It'or example, from the seventeenth century till now, a great deal of effort was made in developing methods for approximating single integrals and there were only a few works on multiple quadrature until the 1950's. But in the past twenty years, a number of new methods have been devised of which the number theoretic method is an effective one. The number theoretic method may be described as follows. We use num ber theory to construct a sequence of uniformly distributed sets in the s dimensional unit cube G , where s ~ 2. Then we use the sequence to s reduce a difficult analytic problem to an arithmetic problem which may be calculated by computer. For example, we may use the arithmetic mean of the values of integrand in a given uniformly distributed set of G to ap s proximate the definite integral over G such that the principal order of the s error term is shown to be of the best possible kind, if the integrand satis fies certain conditions.

This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 11th International Conference on Functional Imaging and Modeling of the Heart, which took place online during June 21-24, 2021, organized by the University of Stanford. The 65 revised full papers were carefully reviewed and selected from 68 submissions. They were organized in topical sections as follows: advanced cardiac and cardiovascular image processing; cardiac microstructure: measures and models; novel approaches to measuring heart deformation; cardiac mechanics: measures and models; translational cardiac mechanics; modeling electrophysiology, ECG, and arrhythmia; cardiovascular flow: measures and models; and atrial microstructure, modeling, and thrombosis prediction.

Electrocatalysis in Balancing the Natural Carbon Cycle Explore the potential of electrocatalysis to balance an off-kilter natural carbon cycle In Electrocatalysis in Balancing the Natural Carbon Cycle, accomplished researcher and author, Yaobing Wang, delivers a focused examination of why and how to solve the unbalance of the natural carbon cycle with electrocatalysis. The book introduces the natural carbon cycle and analyzes current bottlenecks being caused by human activities. It then examines fundamental topics, including CO2 reduction, water splitting, and small molecule (alcohols and acid) oxidation to prove the feasibility and advantages of using electrocatalysis to tune the unbalanced carbon cycle. You'll realize modern aspects of electrocatalysis through the operando diagnostic and predictable mechanistic investigations. Further, you will be able to evaluate and manage the efficiency of the electrocatalytic reactions. The distinguished author presents a holistic view of solving an unbalanced natural carbon cycle with electrocatalysis. Readers will also benefit from the inclusion of: A thorough introduction to the natural carbon cycle and the anthropogenic carbon cycle, including inorganic carbon to organic carbon and vice versa An exploration of electrochemical catalysis processes, including water splitting and the electrochemistry CO2 reduction reaction (ECO2RR) A practical discussion of water and fuel basic redox parameters, including electrocatalytic materials and their performance evaluation in different electrocatalytic cells A perspective of the operando approaches and computational fundamentals and advances of different electrocatalytic redox reactions Perfect for electrochemists, catalytic chemists, environmental and physical chemists, and inorganic chemists, Electrocatalysis in Balancing the Natural Carbon Cycle will also earn a place in the libraries of solid state and theoretical chemists seeking a one-stop reference for all aspects of electrocatalysis in carbon cycle-related reactions.

This report provides an evaluation of the current state of the SOCRATES sensor and its readiness for use as an operational sensor for active monitoring of aircraft wake turbulence. SOCRATES is a laser opto-acoustic array designed to passively detect and track the sound emissions of aircraft vortices. The evaluation period, January 2003 to December 2006, included two field tests designed to improve understanding of the fundamentals of wake acoustic phenomenology and aspects of the SOCRATES sensor performance.

Superconducting technology is potentially important as one of the future smart grid technologies. It is a combination of superconductor materials, electrical engineering, cryogenic insulation, cryogenics and cryostats. There has been no specific book fully describing this branch of science and technology in electrical engineering. However, this book includes these areas, and is essential for those majoring in applied superconductivity in electrical engineering.

Recently, superconducting technology has made great progress. Many universities and companies are involved in applied superconductivity with the support of government. Over the next five years, departments of electrical engineering in universities and companies will become more involved in this area. This book:

- will enable people to directly carry out research on applied superconductivity in electrical engineering- is more comprehensive and practical when compared to other advances- presents a clear introduction to the application of superconductor in electrical engineering and related fundamental technologies- arms readers with the technological aspects of superconductivity required to produce a machine- covers power supplying technologies in superconducting electric apparatus- is well organized and adaptable for students, lecturers, researchers and engineers- lecture slides suitable for lecturers available on the Wiley Companion Website

"Fundamental Elements of Applied Superconductivity in Electrical Engineering" is ideal for academic researchers, graduates and undergraduate students in electrical engineering. It is also an excellent reference work for superconducting device researchers and engineers.