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Development of superior crops that have consistent performance in
quality and in quantity has not received the same emphasis in the
field of genetics and breeding as merited. Specialty trait requires
special focus to propagate. Yet basic germplasm and breeding
methodologies optimized to improve crops are often applied in the
development of improved specialty types. However, because of the
standards required for specialty traits, methods of development and
improvement are usually more complex than those for common
commodity crops. The same standards of performance are desired, but
the genetics of the specialty traits often impose breeding criteria
distinct from those of non-specialty possessing crops.
Specifically, quality improvement programs have unique
characteristics that require careful handling and monitoring during
their development for specific needs. Adding value either via
alternative products from the large volumes of grain produced or
development of specialty types is of interest to producers and
processors. This work assimilates the most topical results about
quality improvement with contemporary plant breeding approaches.The
objective of this book is to provide a summary of the germplasm,
methods of development, and specific problems involved for quality
breeding. In total, fourteen chapters, written by leading
scientists involved in crop improvement research, provide
comprehensive coverage of the major factors impacting specialty
crop improvement.
Maize is one of the most generally grown cereal crops at global
level, followed by wheat and rice. Maize is the major crop in China
both in terms of yield and acreage. In 2012, worldwide maize
production was about 840 million tons. Maize has long been a staple
food of most of the global population (particularly in South
America and Africa) and a key nutrient resource for animal feed and
for food industrial materials. Maize belts vary from the latitude
58° north to the latitude 40° south, and maize ripens every month
of the year. Abiotic and biotic stresses are common in maize belts
worldwide. Abiotic stresses (chiefly drought, salinity, and extreme
temperatures), together with biotic stresses (primarily fungi,
viruses, and pests), negatively affect maize growth, development,
production and productivity. In the recent past, intense droughts,
waterlogging, and extreme temperatures have relentlessly affected
maize growth and yield. In China, 60% of the maize planting area is
prone to drought, and the resultant yield loss is 20%–30% per
year; in India, 25%–30% of the maize yield is lost as a result of
waterlogging each year. The biotic stresses on maize are chiefly
pathogens (fungal, bacterial, and viral), and the consequential
syndromes, like ear/stalk rot, rough dwarf disease, and northern
leaf blight, are widespread and result in grave damage. Roughly 10%
of the global maize yield is lost each year as a result of biotic
stresses. For example, the European corn borer [ECB,
Ostrinianubilalis (Hübner)] causes yield losses of up to 2000
million dollars annually in the USA alone in the northern regions
of China, the maize yield loss reaches 50% during years when maize
badly affected by northern leaf blight. In addition, abiotic and
biotic stresses time and again are present at the same time and
rigorously influence maize production. To fulfill requirements of
each maize-growing situation and to tackle the above mentions
stresses in an effective way sensibly designed multidisciplinary
strategy for developing suitable varieties for each of these
stresses has been attempted during the last decade. Genomics
is a field of supreme significance for elucidating the genetic
architecture of complex quantitative traits and characterizing
germplasm collections to achieve precise and specific manipulation
of desirable alleles/genes. Advances in genotyping technologies and
high throughput phenomics approaches have resulted in accelerated
crop improvement like genomic selection, speed breeding,
particularly in maize. Molecular breeding tools like
collaborating all omics, has led to the development of maize
genotypes having higher yields, improved quality and resilience to
biotic and abiotic stresses. Through this book, we bring into one
volume the various important aspects of maize improvement and the
recent technological advances in development of maize genotypes
with high yield, high quality and resilience to biotic and abiotic
stresses
This valuable new book offers a new perspective on dendrimers that
bridges the gap between basic research and applied nanomedicine. It
explores the ultimate effectiveness of dendrimers in theranostics,
a promising field that combines therapeutics and diagnostics into
single multifunctional formulations used to affect therapy or
treatment of a disease state. The authors examine the potential
uses of dendrimers, which have proven their capabilities in
local/systemic drug delivery, physical stabilization of the drug,
solubility enhancement of the poorly soluble drugs, and gene
delivery.
This valuable new book offers a new perspective on dendrimers that
bridges the gap between basic research and applied nanomedicine. It
explores the ultimate effectiveness of dendrimers in theranostics,
a promising field that combines therapeutics and diagnostics into
single multifunctional formulations used to affect therapy or
treatment of a disease state. The authors examine the potential
uses of dendrimers, which have proven their capabilities in
local/systemic drug delivery, physical stabilization of the drug,
solubility enhancement of the poorly soluble drugs, and gene
delivery.
The present manual is of immense importance for the researchers,
teachers and scholars in the field of biological sciences.It will
also prove of great importance to the industrialists for developing
an effective mycorrhizal cultures on commercial scale.The
mycorrhizal fungi are playing a multipurpose role in the crop
improvement programmes by improving the plant health through the
acquisition of many micro and macro nutrients.The use efficiency of
different nutrient elements is also enhanced by AM fungi.
Mycorrhizae provide protection to the plant roots against many soil
borne diseases.Regarding the plant water relations, these organisms
play a pivotal role in controlling the release of water by the
plants during drought conditions.Soil physical properties like
granulation and aeration are also improved by these fungi. The
author is highly thankful to the scientific staff of Department of
Agricultural Microbiology, TNAU, Coimbatore for their generous help
in providing the material for the present wo
The concept of two-phase sampling was first given by Neyman (1938),
later on several simple and general regression and ratio estimators
have been suggested, starting from Mohanty (1967), Srivastava
(1970), Chand (1975), Kiregyera (1980, 84), Mukerjee et al. (1987),
Srivastava et al.(1990), Roy (2003)and Samiuddin and Hanif
(2006,07). Use of multi-auxiliary information for ratio and
regression estimators, were considered, by Olkin (1958), Goswami
and Sukhatme (1965), Raj (1965), Rao and Mudholkar (1967), Tripathi
(1970, 1976), Tripathi and Ahmed (1995), Sen (1972), Tripathi
(1987), Singh and Namjoshi (1988), Tripathi and Khattree (1989),
Tripahi and Chaubey (1993), Ahmed (2003), Martin and Steven (2004)
and Ahmad at el. (2008). In this monograph we have provided general
classes of regression and ratio estimators for two-phase and
multi-phase sampling using multi-auxiliary variables for estimating
single as well as multiple variables of interest.The theoretical
developments provided in this monograph can be useful in
multipurpose surveys in which the problem is to estimate population
means of several variables simultaneously in the field like
agricultural, forestry etc.
Islam today is a vastly misunderstood religion. The unfortunate
events of 9/11 and subsequent similar events have cast Islam in a
very negative light resulting in a tremendous upsurge in anti Islam
utterances and writings. This problem is compounded by relative
lack of suitable response from the majority of Muslims of the
world, including the so called Muslim scholars( Ulema) in defending
Islam. "The Aspects of Quran" is one humble attempt to clear some
of the misconceptions surrounding Islam and present it in its true
colors. The author has chosen nine important aspects of Islam which
are currently the focus of Western attention and gathered the
Quranic pronouncements on them in one place hence rendering them
easily accessible and understandable. These aspects are: 1.Quran 2.
God 3. Muhammed (Peace be Upon him) 4.Islam's relationship with
other religions, especially Judaism and Christianity 5. Knowledge
6. Social Justice 7. Women 8. Jihad 9. Terrorism. Read the book to
get some authoritative answers to your questions about Islam which
as a religion places great emphasis on knowledge, social justice,
mercy, humility, compassion and forgiveness, sense of community and
brotherhood, and above all remembrance of God at all times.
Symptom Oriented Otolaryngology: Head & Neck Surgery - Volume 2
is an extensive, illustrated review of a broad range of symptoms in
otolaryngology, edited by a team of New Zealand based experts in
the field. This volume is divided into two sections, covering
rhinology and facial plastics. Both sections begin with the anatomy
of the structures concerned, followed by chapters on associated
symptoms and their diagnoses. This comprehensive book is enhanced
by 300 full colour images across 400 pages, making this an
essential resource for consultant otolaryngologists and residents.
Key Points Second volume in three volume guide to symptoms and
diagnosis in otolaryngology Two sections in each volume, covering
anatomy and a broad range of symptoms This volume covers rhinology
and facial plastics 300 full colour images
Symptom Oriented Otolaryngology: Head & Neck Surgery - Three
Volume Set is an extensive, illustrated review of a broad range of
symptoms in otolaryngology, edited by a team of New Zealand based
experts in the field. The three volumes are each divided into two
sections. Each section begins with the anatomy of the structures
concerned, followed by chapters on associated symptoms and their
diagnoses. The first volume covers head and neck, and laryngology,
and the second volume covers rhinology and facial plastics. The
final volume covers otology, with a section on paediatrics which
includes nasal, oral, oesophageal and otological symptoms,
including guidance on choking and swallowing difficulties. This
comprehensive book is enhanced by 900 full colour images across
1200 pages, making this an essential resource for consultant
otolaryngologists and residents. Key Points Three volume guide to
symptoms and diagnosis in otolaryngology Two sections in each
volume, covering anatomy and a broad range of symptoms Final
section devoted to symptoms in paediatric otolaryngology 900 full
colour images
Symptom Oriented Otolaryngology: Head & Neck Surgery - Volume 3
is an extensive, illustrated review of a broad range of symptoms in
otolaryngology, edited by a team of New Zealand based experts in
the field. This volume is divided into two sections covering
otology and paediatrics. Both sections begin with the anatomy of
the structures concerned, followed by chapters on associated
symptoms and their diagnoses. This comprehensive book is enhanced
by 300 full colour images across 400 pages, making this an
essential resource for consultant otolaryngologists and residents.
Key Points Third volume of three volume guide to symptoms and
diagnosis in otorhinolaryngology Two sections in each volume,
covering anatomy and a broad range of symptoms This volume covers
otology and paediatrics 300 full colour images
The development of estimators of population parameters based on
two-phase sampling schemes has seen a dramatic increase in the past
decade. Various authors have developed estimators of population
mean of study variables using either single or two auxiliary
variables. The present volume is a comprehensive collection of
estimators available in single and two phase sampling. The book
covers estimators which utilize information on single, two and
multiple auxiliary variables of both quantitative and qualitative
nature. The estimators discussed in the monograph are based upon
different mechanisms of availability of auxiliary information,
termed as Full, Partial and No Information. Multivariate Estimators
in survey sampling are also discussed in the book. Two-Phase
Sampling will prove an invaluable point of reference for
researchers working in the field of survey sampling in general and
in the field of two-phase sampling in particular.
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