Throughout the twentieth and early twenty-first centuries, cinema has been adopted as a popular cultural institution in Bangladesh. At the same time, this has been the period for the articulation of modern nationhood and cultural identity of Bengali Muslims in Bangladesh. This book analyses the relationship between cinema and modernity in Bangladesh, providing a narrative of the uneven process that produced the idea of "Bangladesh cinema." This book investigates the roles of a non-Western "national" film industry in Asia in constructing nationhood and identity within colonial and postcolonial predicaments. Drawing on the idea of cinema as public sphere and the postcolonial notion of formation of the "Bangladesh" nation, interactions between cinema and middle-class Bengali Muslims in different social and political matrices are analyzed. The author explores how the conflict among different social groups turned Bangladesh cinema into a site of contesting identities. In particular, he illustrates the connections between film production and reception in Bangladesh and a variety of nationalist constructions of Bengali Muslim identity. Questioning and debunking the usual notions of "Bangladesh" and "cinema," this book positions the cinema of Bangladesh within a transnational frame. Starting with how to locate the "beginning" of the second Bengali language cinema in colonial Bengal, the author completes the investigation by identifying a global Bangladeshi cinema in the early twenty-first century. The first major academic study on this large and vibrant national cinema, this book demonstrates that Bangladesh cinema worked as different "public spheres" for different "publics" throughout the twentieth century and beyond. Filling a niche in Global Film and Media Studies and South Asian Studies, it will be of interest to scholars and students of these disciplines.

Throughout the twentieth and early twenty-first centuries, cinema has been adopted as a popular cultural institution in Bangladesh. At the same time, this has been the period for the articulation of modern nationhood and cultural identity of Bengali Muslims in Bangladesh. This book analyses the relationship between cinema and modernity in Bangladesh, providing a narrative of the uneven process that produced the idea of "Bangladesh cinema." This book investigates the roles of a non-Western "national" film industry in Asia in constructing nationhood and identity within colonial and postcolonial predicaments. Drawing on the idea of cinema as public sphere and the postcolonial notion of formation of the "Bangladesh" nation, interactions between cinema and middle-class Bengali Muslims in different social and political matrices are analyzed. The author explores how the conflict among different social groups turned Bangladesh cinema into a site of contesting identities. In particular, he illustrates the connections between film production and reception in Bangladesh and a variety of nationalist constructions of Bengali Muslim identity. Questioning and debunking the usual notions of "Bangladesh" and "cinema," this book positions the cinema of Bangladesh within a transnational frame. Starting with how to locate the "beginning" of the second Bengali language cinema in colonial Bengal, the author completes the investigation by identifying a global Bangladeshi cinema in the early twenty-first century. The first major academic study on this large and vibrant national cinema, this book demonstrates that Bangladesh cinema worked as different "public spheres" for different "publics" throughout the twentieth century and beyond. Filling a niche in Global Film and Media Studies and South Asian Studies, it will be of interest to scholars and students of these disciplines.

In this monograph, the graphene-based field-effect transistor (FET) biosensors are shown to be an emerging sensing platform. Divided into two parts the first set of chapters are devoted to basic knowledge of graphene, graphene FET and its biosensing. In the second part of this book the applications of graphene FET biosensors combined with various biotechnologies are presented. As well as discussing the existing technologies the authors also introduce their own ideas and concepts. Finally the remaining problems in graphene FET biosensors are discussed, along with proposed solutions and prospects for future applications. This monograph allows readers to grasp the basic knowledge and future direction of graphene-based FET biosensors.

In this monograph, the graphene-based field-effect transistor (FET) biosensors are shown to be an emerging sensing platform. Divided into two parts the first set of chapters are devoted to basic knowledge of graphene, graphene FET and its biosensing. In the second part of this book the applications of graphene FET biosensors combined with various biotechnologies are presented. As well as discussing the existing technologies the authors also introduce their own ideas and concepts. Finally the remaining problems in graphene FET biosensors are discussed, along with proposed solutions and prospects for future applications. This monograph allows readers to grasp the basic knowledge and future direction of graphene-based FET biosensors.

Comprehensive resource detailing the molecular mechanisms underlying heavy metal toxicity and tolerance in plants Heavy Metal Toxicity and Tolerance in Plants provides a comprehensive overview of the physiological, biochemical, and molecular basis of heavy metal tolerance and functional omics that allow for a deeper understanding of using heavy metal tolerance for deliberate manipulation of plants. Through the authors’ unique approach, the text enables researchers to develop strategies to enhance metal toxicity and deficiency tolerance as well as crop productivity under stressful conditions, in order to better utilize natural resources to ensure future food security. The text presents the basic knowledge of plant heavy metal/metalloid tolerance using modern approaches, including omics, nanotechnology, and genetic manipulation, and covers molecular breeding, genetic engineering, and approaches for high yield and quality under metal toxicity or deficiency stress conditions. With a collection of 26 chapters contributed by the leading experts in the fields surrounding heavy metal and metalloids toxicity and tolerance in crop plants, Heavy Metal Toxicity and Tolerance in Plants includes further information on: Advanced techniques in omics research in relation to heavy metals/metalloids toxicity and tolerance Heavy metals/metalloids in food crops and their implications for human health Molecular mechanisms of heavy metals/metalloids toxicity and tolerance in plants Molecular breeding approaches for reducing heavy metals load in the edible plant parts Hormonal regulation of heavy metals toxicity and tolerance Applications of nanotechnology for improving heavy metals stress tolerance Genetic engineering for heavy metals/metalloids stress tolerance in plants With comprehensive coverage of the subject, Heavy Metal Toxicity and Tolerance in Plants is an essential reference for researchers working on developing plants tolerant to metals/metalloids stress and effective strategies for reducing the risk of health hazards.

Health and nutrition have become global focal points as the population continues to grow exponentially. While providing food for the global population is crucial, it is also necessary to provide options that are nutritious in order to promote healthier lifestyles around the world. Exploring the Nutrition and Health Benefits of Functional Foods provides a comprehensive overview of how dietary nutrition can impact people's lives, prevent disease, and maintain an overall healthier lifestyle. Highlighting theoretical and practical attributes of different functional foods and how they are utilized globally, this book is an essential reference for researchers, academics, students, policy makers, government officials, and technology developers.

The poems and short stories in "Random Chemicals and Snotty Love Poems" capture youthful expressions of wonder at the world, the hunt for self-truth, and finding a place in it while experiencing the strong emotions of a maturing, young adult. The search for identity, the longings to fall in love, striving hard for accomplishments, and all the other explorations of the young adult horizons are maybe some things today's youth can relate to and older adults can be charmed in remembering fondly of. As the stars in the sky seem an impenetrable constant, this is not the case with stars in outer space similar to the life of human beings. All the water droplets in the ocean could not sum up the entire breath of human existence. The familiar and unfamiliar are vast terrains to be ventured into and rediscovered on the journey of the heart. Life's ups and downs are expressed in seeking refuge behind fairy tales, by the desire to disappear, by capturing phases of moon, by the depiction of unseen worlds, and so on in this varied poetic and prose collection.

The author divided this book into two parts. In the first part he tries to identify qualitatively the causes of global financial crisis and how the financial crisis educated auditors then he interprets what should be the role of auditing practice to prevent future global crisis. In the second part he describes the importance of internal control system keep in mind its possibilities and dangers based on a case study approach In recent years, the global economy has experienced some corporate collapses, scandals and financial failures stemming from excessive risk taking and irresponsibility by some businesses coupled with many weaknesses in the internal control system of these companies. In recent years, the auditor's responsibility in many countries has been extended from just presenting an opinion regarding an entity to the identification of weaknesses in the internal control system (auditing internal control). The dangers and possibilities of auditing internal control is what this paper is trying to investigate.

Global financial crisis also struck Toyota and resulted in the first loss in fifty years of this company. There is no company without a problem. How fast the problem is solved is what will give a company competitive edge. Toyota is trying to keep up with the customer expectations and for this it is working very hard for quality products. Also to eliminate future problems with Toyota products, the company needs to include every tiny detail of instruction about the usage of the car in the manual given to the customer. Toyotas quality management is more closely link to the continuous improvement school of thought than the deterministic school of thought. The purpose of this research is to analyze the quality efforts made by Toyota and suggest appropriate strategic options to improve their problems."

Based on fieldwork conducted by the author among the Bangladeshis in England, this book aims to examine what socio-economic, health and psychological problems of older Bangladeshi experience in later life and what members of the Bangladeshi community perceive to be the reasons for these difficulties. It also aims at finding out the extent to which gerontological theories, that highlight the problems associated with later life, reflect the experiences of older people across ethnic and cultural differences in the United Kingdom. The research has been carried out in the London Borough of Croydon where a small number of Bangladeshi communities lived. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with older people from the mixer of men and women so as to answer the research question i.e. the problems and the effects of ageing process far from home where they made their later life abode. In a qualitative semi-structured interview study in the London Borough of Croydon from the Bangladeshi communities were asked about their problems of ageing and how they feel about living and growing old in a western country. The author has tried to represent their work and their opinions accurately.

The aim of this study is to examine the relationship between customers and the telecommunication service provider regarding customer support service. The authors focus on customers support service as a tool of enhancing relationship between customers and telecommunication service provider and to come up with a "best practice" for the customer-support service in the telecom industry The research has been conducted with recent relevant literature from academic viewpoint such as the relationship marketing, customer loyalty, customer dominant logic, customer support service and triggering factors for switching. After reviewing all of literatures authors have adequate knowledge how to enhance and sustain long term relationship with customers. Nearly every literature stipulates from customers perspective business operations for long term relationship. To accomplish research aim, authors conducted with an explorative research approach and with the help of a designed descriptive questionnaire which consist of seventeen close-ended and open-ended questions. The target group was sixteen master level students of Karlstad University.

This study formulates and/or utilizes some models for migration, age at marriage, marriage migration, and child mortality. Furthermore, the study focuses on some motivation factors of migration, trends and determinants of age at marriage, factors influencing consanguineous marriages, determinants and patterns of infant and child mortality, and effect of elimination of some diseases on life expectancy. The inflated geometric distribution describes well the distribution of households for the male migrants aged 15 years & above. The Lee's theory was acceptable for Bangladesh to describe the volume and diversity of out-migration. The urban population and area were dominant factors for the volume of out-migration identified by the single origin and multiple destinations models. An upward trend in average age at marriage was observed and education, occupation, religion, birth year were the significant factors for female age at marriage. Type I extreme value distribution, Pareto- Exponential model and finite range model were found suitable to describe the distribution of female age at marriage, marriage distance and infant deaths respectively.