An activity-led, engaging resource that offers flexible support for students at all levels through the Cambridge O Level Urdu as a Second Language syllabus. Designed to guide learners through the Cambridge O Level Urdu as a Second Language syllabus (3248), the Skills Builder also covers the reading and writing components of the new Cambridge IGCSE (R) Urdu as a Second Language syllabus (0539). Authentic, culturally relevant material selected by experienced authors and syllabus experts stimulates language awareness and critical thinking in teenage learners. Engaging, progressive activities offer flexible support to help students at all levels hone their skills and reach their individual potential, while self-assessment advice and exam-style questions at the end of each unit build confidence in the use of the Urdu language.

Plants have been an important source of medicine for thousands of years. Plants are rich source of natural antioxidant i.e. tocopherols, vitamin C, flavonoids and phenolic compounds. Whole plant samples of Swertia chirata were purchased from the local market of Faisalabad, Pakistan. The dried and ground sample subjected for extraction by shaking method with different solvents i.e. 75% methanol and ethanol. In the present study antioxidant activity of plant Swertia chirata was investigated by measuring total phenolics (TPC), total flavonoids (TFC), DPPH (2, 2-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) and Percent inhibition of linoleic acid peroxidation. The total phenolics (TPC) obtained from methanol 2.565g / 100g from ethanol 1.612g / 100g gallic acid equivalents. TFC obtained from methanol 13.247g / 100g from ethanol 10.948g / 100g catechin equivalents, inhibition of linoleic acid peroxidation obtained from methanol 94.04% from ethanol 93.05% and Percentages scavenging of plant Swertia chirata obtained from methanol extract 84.32% from ethanol extract 82.54%.

Vitamins are essentially required by the human body for its various biochemical and physiological processes. Ascorbic acid (vitamin C) is a water-soluble vitamin which is found in many biological systems and foodstuffs (fresh vegetables and fruits). The easiest and best way to take vitamin C is through liquid diet. Now a day's many liquid juices are available in market claiming high levels of vitamin C content. The book is about ascorbic acid (vitamin C) content in juices, beverages, powdered samples, soft drinks marketed in Islamabad -Pakistan. Results were compared with labeled values quoted on the packs. Method of ascorbic acid by Polarograph has been described in detail.

The book describes traditional knowledge of 80 plant species belonging to 72 genera and 47 families of district Haripur KPK Pakistan. The data include taxonomic description, chemical constituents and ethnomedicinal uses based on traditional knowledge in different folk recipes and the use of wild plants for medicinal purposes and to cure different diseases.The work mainly focus on the information regarding indigenous uses of plants for medicinal purposes.