Single Subject Designs in Biomedicine draws upon the rich history of single case research within the educational and behavioral research settings and extends the application to the field of biomedicine. Biomedical illustrations are used to demonstrate the processes of designing, implementing, and evaluating a single subject design. Strengths and limitations of various methodologies are presented, along with specific clinical areas of application in which these applications would be appropriate. Statistical and visual techniques for data analysis are also discussed. The breadth and depth of information provided is suitable for medical students in research oriented courses, primary care practitioners and medical specialists seeking to apply methods of evidence practice to improve patient care, and medical researchers who are expanding their methodological expertise to include single subject designs. Increasing awareness of the utility in the single subject design could enhance treatment approach and evaluation both in biomedical research and medical care settings.

The book will provide some basic aspects of the pathophysiology of infection, but essentially the book will be practical-based and use case-illustrations to highlight key aspects of diagnosis, management and prevention. Through a combination of text, tables, figures/line drawings, clinical illustrations and other illustrations, it is hoped to provide a comprehensive, interesting and stimulating approach to this important subject. Guidance on the appropriate use of laboratory investigations, as well as radiology, together with templates to use for deciding on the optimal choice of anti-infective agents will be amongst the strengths of this book.

This text outlines, from a surgeon's standpoint, how wounds can be expeditiously and effectively managed in the Urgent Care setting by physicians and mid-level providers with Primary Care training. The main topics addressed include the principles of wound healing, wound types, types of primary repair, healing by secondary intention, wound complications, and special circumstances. Under each of these subheadings, proper evaluation of the wound, techniques to facilitate healing, specific patient home care (aftercare) instructions, and pitfalls to be avoided are addressed. In addition, a brief list of specific do's and don'ts for each type of wound and tips for effective transfer of care when necessary is included. This text provides a concise reference manual that can be used to provide quick yet structured information to improve patient outcomes. As Urgent Care is a clinical setting that is growing in popularity across the United States, Wound Management in Urgent Care will provide a useful resource for providers in the Urgent Care setting.

Addressing physical and psychosocial matters of survivorship prior to, during, and after anticancer treatment is central to a patient's wellbeing. The MASCC Textbook of Cancer Supportive Care and Survivorship explores not only the diagnosis and treatment but also the increasingly recognized complex and ongoing symptoms experienced by long term cancer survivors. Significant advances have been made, designing strategies to manage the side effects and symptoms of treatment and to prevent them from occurring, maximizing the person's ability to pursue daily activities. The MASCC Textbook of Cancer Supportive Care and Survivorship assembles international, multidisciplinary experts who focus on a comprehensive range of symptoms and side effects associated with cancer and its treatment. Intended for health professionals involved with cancer care, medical oncologists, radiation oncologists, surgeons, general practitioners, nurses and allied health workers, this textbook provides current information on the management and prevention of cancer related side effects, referring to up-to-date sources that are useful for conducting further research.

Key Features: * Covers all aspects of acute trauma, including orthopedics, vascular surgery, plastic surgery, neurosurgery, burns, radiology, etc. * Elaborates on damage control resuscitation and management of initial and life-threatening injuries, useful for professionals dealing with trauma patients in the emergency area. * Guides in initial fluid therapy and pain control along with initial patient resuscitation.

Here is an essential text for cardiologists, heart surgeons, intensive care specialists and anyone interested in pacing. It is a comprehensive guide to contemporary devices used in the resynchronization of patients' heartbeats. The treatment of congestive heart failure by implanted biventricular pacemakers, or cardiac resynchronization, has revolutionized the practice of implanting pacemakers and defibrillators. More cardiac resynchronization therapy devices than conventional pacemakers are now being implanted and the numbers are growing worldwide.

'...provides an excellent introduction to the management of acute illness for all clinical staff, and a solid foundation for those who choose to make ICM a fulfilling life-long career.' From the Foreword by Julian Bion, Professor of Intensive Care Medicine, University of Birmingham Ideal for any medic or health professional embarking upon an intensive care rotation or specialism, this simple bedside handbook provides handy, pragmatic guidance to the day-to-day fundamentals of working in an intensive care unit, often a daunting prospect for the junior doctor, nurse and allied health professional encountering this challenging environment for the first time. Thoroughly updated, the second edition addresses recent and future developments in a variety of areas and is now organised into easy-to-read sections with clearly outlined learning goals. New topics added include sepsis, ARDS, refractory hypoxia, the role of allied health professionals, post ICU syndrome and follow up, and consent and capacity including new DOLS guidance. The book is authored by world-renowned contributors and edited by established consultants in the field of intensive care medicine.

A new field of medicine has emerged as a result of the global proliferation of terrorism. Terror medicine is related to emergency and disaster medicine but focuses on the constellation of medical issues uniquely related to terrorist attacks. The field encompasses four broad areas: preparedness, incident management, mechanisms of injuries and responses, and psychological consequences. In Essentials of Terror Medicine, these core concerns are addressed by a distinguished international authorship brought together by the three editors of this volume, who themselves are recognized experts in relevant disciplines: Shmuel Shapira, epidemiology and hospital administration; Jeffrey Hammond, trauma surgery and emergency response; Leonard Cole, bioterrorism and public policy. Essentials of Terror Medicine provides insightful and practical information for physicians, nurses, emergency responders, and other health professionals who may be called to service during or after a terror incident. It is indispensable reading for the medical community of the 21st century, in which diligence, continued education, and careful preparation for a variety of possible events are a preeminent responsibility.

Critical Care Clinicians can use general drug references (Micomedex, Lexicomp) for data on dosing of high-alert medications in special patient populations but these references are not available to all healthcare clinicians, they are expensive and they are not specific to high-alert medications or critically ill patients. Doctors, nurses and pharmacists in the hospital setting will benefit from having one resource with all of this information. The purpose of this reference manual would be to guide critical care clinicians on dosing of high-alert medications in special patient populations. The most important feature of the book will be a summary of primary literature using tables when possible. This will be useful to readers because currently a reference book does not exist that guides clinicians in these difficult dosing decisions.

Core Principles of Acute Neurology is a series of short volumes that handles major topics not found in sufficient detail elsewhere and provides useful context. Solving Critical Consults provide practical information on how to evaluate complicated neurology consults in the ICU. The diagnosis and management of neurologic complications of acutely ill hospitalized patients remains challenging. The modern intensive care unit is a different place with different patients, and consultants may require a specific expertise in handling complications associated with critical illness. Some of these requests for consultation include not only diagnosis of the neurologic state, but also assistance with management at all levels. Prognostication in devastating situations or when the critical illness has come under control is a common request.

Dysfunction of the gastrointestinal tract in critically ill patients has recently become a focus of intensive research. This book, the first one on this topic, is a comprehensive overview of what is currently known about the role of the gut in patients requiring intensive care. The definitions and pathogenesis of intestinal dysfunction are critically evaluated. Currently available and potential new ways to monitor intestinal function in the intensive care setting are presented. Emphasis has been placed on the evaluation of therapeutic strategies in the prevention and treatment of gut dysfunction. Options for monitoring and treating gut dysfunction in critically ill patients are rapidly evolving. This volume provides state-of-the-art information for both clinicians and clinical researchers.

The World Federation of Societies of Intensive and Critical Care Medicine (WFSIC- CM) has reached the age of maturity. Physicians, nurses, and many others associated with the field of Intensive and Critical Care Medicine will be coming from all corners of the world to Florence, Italy in August, 2009 to celebrate the 10th quadrennial congress. Every 4 years for the last 36 years, congresses in the magnificent venues of London (1973), Paris (1977), Washington (1981), Jerusalem (1985), Kyoto (1989), Madrid (1993), Ottawa (1997), Sydney (2001), and Buenos Aires (2005) have sig- fied an ever-developing process which has resulted in the four pillars of the field of Intensive and Critical Care Medicine, namely partnership, ethics, professionalism, and competence. The first pillar is based on a stronger interdisciplinary collaboration and a mul- professional partnership in the field of Intensive and Critical Care Medicine. In recent decades, professional activity in medicine has been regulated by well-defined, universal principles, such as the welfare of the patient, autonomy, social justice, and the patient-physician relationship. The second pillar, ethics, has offered welcomed assistance to all these principles in establishing an ethics curriculum.

This book is a critical response to a range of problems - some theoretical, others empirical - that shape questions surrounding the lived experience of suffering. It explores how moral and ethical questions of personal suffering are experienced, contested, negotiated and institutionalised. Bodies and Suffering investigates the moral labour and significance invested in actions to care for others, or in failing to do so. It also explores circumstances - personal, political and social - under which that which is perceived as non-moral becomes moral. Drawing on case studies and empirical research, Bodies and Suffering examines the idea of the suffering body across different cultures and contexts and the experience and treatment of these suffering bodies. The book draws on theories of affect, embodiment, the phenomenology of illness and moralities of care, to produce a nuanced understanding of suffering as being located across the assumed borders of time, space, bodies, persons and things. Suitable for bioethicists, medical anthropologists, health sociologists and body studies scholars, Bodies and Suffering will also be of use on health science courses as essential reading on suffering bodies, mental health and morality and ethics issues.

About Emergency Pediatric Care, Fourth Edition Each year in the United States, approximately 1.6 million pediatric patients are transported by ambulance to an emergency department, and millions more are cared for around the globe. Because pediatric prehospital patient care is considered low-frequency, high-acuity care, it is vital for practitioners to refresh and update their clinical knowledge, practice psychomotor skills, and apply critical thinking to potential patient presentations to ensure these skills are ready to be applied when a pediatric call is received. Emergency Pediatric Care, Fourth Edition is the next step in the evolution of this critical continuing education course. The EPC Course uses a specialized version of the Pediatric Education for Prehospital Professionals, Fourth Edition as the reference text, bundled with a course manual. This course manual is an engaging resource that can continue to be consulted after the course to assist practitioners in providing the best care for their young patients. A Family-Centered Approach to Pediatric Care NAEMT's EPC program serves pediatric patients through the global education of prehospital care practitioners of all levels. The EPC program promotes excellence in pediatric patient management by all practitioners involved in the delivery of prehospital care. The main goal of the EPC course is not just to assure that EMS practitioners can take better care of ill and injured children. It also recognizes that almost every pediatric call revolves around the needs of not only the child, but also the child's caregivers. This course manual includes comprehensive coverage of these topics and more: * Pediatric development and assessment * Pediatric respiratory emergencies * Pediatric trauma care * Shock and circulation * Common pediatric medical emergencies * Cardiac events * Common toxicological emergencies * Maltreatment * Obstetric and newborn care * Children with special healthcare needs * Behavioral health

Over the past two decades, electrophysiology has undergone unprecedented changes thanks to technical improvements, which simplify measurement and analysis and allow more compact data storage. This book covers in detail the spectrum of electrophysiology applications in patients with disorders of consciousness. Its content spans from clinical aspects of the management of subjects in the intensive care unit, including EEG, evoked potentials and related implications in terms of prognosis and patient management to research applications in subjects with ongoing consciousness impairment. While the first section provides up-to-date information for the interested clinician, the second part highlights the latest developments in this exciting field. The book comprehensively combines clinical and research information related to neurophysiology in disorder-of- consciousness patients, making it an easily accessible reference for neuro-ICU specialists, epileptologists and clinical neurophysiologists as well as researchers utilizing EEG and event-related potentials.

The 80 rules you need to prepare for action in a medical disaster

Here are 80 disaster management rules to reflect on, remember and follow in the immediate aftermath of an incident involving mass casualties. Each rule is a single-page long, providing the essential information to inform the most common critical decisions you will have to make in either a civilian or military environment.

Written by clinicians with deep clinical and operational experience, these rules are concise evidence-based guidelines for all medical personnel dealing with disasters at the scene or in hospital. Based on the Major Incident Medical Management and Support system widely adopted in the UK, mainland Europe, Australasia and NATO, they are both authoritative and effective.

This book has been written by established Orthopedic Surgeons who have become dedicated specialists within their particular subspecialty. They have contributed by writing highly detailed chapters that educate the reader with the basic science, accepted fundamentals and most recent trends within the full range of trauma management in orthopedics. It is intended that this well illustrated and highly informative text book to provide orthopedic surgeons in training with comprehensive and relevant core knowledge on all aspects of trauma management orthopedics, and will become an essential guide for surgeons in training, providing step by step approaches to performing initial diagnosis, surgical procedures and post operative management.

Ability to learn from errors is an essential aspect of the quest to improve treatment quality and patient safety. This book consists of 33 cases in anesthesiology that is based on real life situations and illuminate avoidable complications and mishaps. The cases are presented in a novel manner in that they are embedded within narratives. The reader comes to each case "cold", without any clue as to the content, and each case comprises a narrative and a factual component that are interwoven. The narrative parts provide the reader with information and tips regarding the clinical problems and tasks that the protagonist must face and try to solve. The idea is to engage the reader emotionally while reading and to entertain him or her while learning. All cases conclude with short debriefing sections which include possible strategies to prevent similar errors or mishaps.

Intensive care is a rapidly changing area of medicine, and after four years from the 2nd edition the volume editors and authors have deemed necessary to update it. In the recent years, in fact, five new randomised controlled trials and five new meta-analyses demonstrate that selective decontamination of the digestive tract [SDD] is an antimicrobial prophylaxis to prevent severe infections of not only lower airways but also of blood. Additionally, SDD has been shown to reduce inflammation including multiple organ failure and mortality. An intriguing observation is the evidence that SDD using parenteral and enteral antimicrobials reduces rather than increases antimicrobial resistance. Moreover, a new chapter on microcirculation had been added. The volume will be an invaluable tool for all those requiring in depth knowledge in the ever expanding field of infection control.

Rescue Robotics presents the most significant findings of the DDT Project on robots and systems for urban search and rescue. This project was launched by the Japanese government in 2002 with the aim of applying a wide variety of robotics technologies to find a solution to the problem of disaster response, especially urban search and rescue in large-scale earthquakes. From 2002 to 2007 more than 100 researchers took part in the DDT Project, coming from a wide spectrum of research and development to make up four research groups: Aerial Robot Systems MU (Mission Unit), Information Infrastructure System MU, In-Rubble Robot System MU, and On-Rubble Robot System MU. This book discusses their development and testing of various robotic systems and technologies such as serpentine robots, traced vehicles, intelligent human interface and data processing, as well as analysing and verifying the results of these experiments. Rescue Robotics will be of interest to researchers and students, but will also prove useful for emergency response personnel. It offers an insight into the state of the art of rescue robotics and its readers will benefit from a knowledge of the advanced technologies involved in this field.

Owing to their frequency and possible consequences and considering the fact they frequently affect young people, trauma tic lesions of the thoraco lumbar spine represent a special point of interest within the field of Neurotraumatology. Traffic accidents are the commonest cause, which accounts for the high peak of occurrence between 15 and 24 years of age. It is also worth noting that according to published series nearly 50% ofthe cases affect the thoraco-lumbar junction. From an anatomical point of view, we must note the severity of thoracic spinal cord lesions especially of the thoraco-lumbar junction and of the lumbar region and be able to associate injuries ofthe conus medullaris and of the ca uda equina where there is a possibility of neurological recovery. Clinical evaluation is not always easy, but remains the basis for diagnosis and prognosis. The neurological classification proposed by FRANKEL et al. in 1969 and used at STOKE MANDEVILLE Hospital seems to retain its value. A more sophisticated study of medullary evoked potentials, as described by TsUBOKAWA can allow a more precise localisation and appreciation of the extent ofthe lesion as well as a better evaluation ofthe prognosis and ofthe evaluation of treatment in the acute phase. The neuro-radiological study should include standard views ofthe whole of the spine with antero-posterior and lateral tomograms of the fractured or luxated area. At present, the unquestionable contribution of the CT.

Comparatively little is known about the risk of sudden death associated with exercise in young competitive athletes, and whether the benefits of sports activity outweigh the hazards of exercise-related fatal events is a clinical dilemma. This is only a small part of the story, however, as there are considerable effects of exercise whether it be at a competitive level or on a 'leisure' level on patients of all ages. This in itself is of massive importance to the cardiac patient population as exercise is a key component of effective recovery and recommended as central in the prevention of much cardiac disease.

Completely revised and updated, Nutrition Support for the Critically Ill Patient: A Guide to Practice, Second Edition presents an unbiased, evidence-based examination of critical nutrition across the life cycle. Taking a multidisciplinary approach, each chapter has been carefully designed to provide a comprehensive review of the literature and a detailed exploration of the practical application of this information. With chapters written by experts, you get the most pertinent and current knowledge available, bolstered by tables, figures, and case studies that make the information accessible. New Coverage in the Second Edition: Gut microbiota support Short bowel syndrome Chronic critically ill phenomenon Professional nutrition practice guidelines and protocols Ethical considerations Quality and performance improvement Many challenges remain when providing optimal nutrition to all patients under all conditions at all times. Divided into eight sections, the book covers metabolic issues, nutrients for critically ill patients, delivery of nutrition therapy, nutrition therapy throughout the life cycle, special interest groups, specific organ system failure, general systemic failures, and professional issues in the field. It keeps you informed and aware of the continuous accrual of knowledge needed to craft and provide optimal nutrition therapy for the critically ill patient.

Long-term oxygen therapy (LTOT) usually represents the final step in the management of severe chronic respiratory diseases: a large proportion of patients suffering from these conditions is involved and the corresponding impact for the Health Institutions and the Society is dramatically increasing. Although LTOT is well known and widely used since long ago in most modern countries, it still represents a challenging topic due to the huge amount of variables which can affect both its efficacy and effectiveness. Unfortunately, patients, doctors, care-givers, together with health institutions and political decision makers frequently have different visions on LTOT, thus highly contributing to obtain uneven results and changing outcomes. The focus of this volume is on new insights and novel perspectives of LTOT. Starting from consolidated experiences, it's aim is also to emphasize the strategic value of developing technologies and innovative organizational models uniquely to find out even more opportunities and advantages for the management of chronic respiratory patients needing long-term oxygen treatment.

The prevalence of obesity, an important risk factor for various diseases, has increased markedly worldwide in recent years. The results of long-term dietary behavioural therapy, however, remain sadly inadequate, with a relapse rate of about 90%. Surgery is still the only effective treatment for these patients. The annual number of weight loss operations performed in the United States in the early 1990s totaled only about 16,000, but by 2005 the figure exceeded 200,000. The anesthetic care of severely obese patients entails particular issues, and difficulties are believed to escalate in the presence of co-morbidities. Despite this, outcome data in respect of anesthetic care and pain management are still scarce. Anesthetic Management of the Obese Patient considers a wide range of important practical issues and controversies. Key questions in preoperative, intraoperative, and postoperative management are carefully addressed, and different approaches are evaluated, casting light on their effectiveness and limitations. Written by world leaders in the field, this book will be an invaluable aid for anesthesiologists.