Can regional mechanisms better institutionalize the increasing complexity of economic and security ties among the countries in Northeast Asia? As the international state system undergoes dramatic changes in both security and economic relations in the wake of the end of the Cold War, the Asian financial crisis, and the attack of 9/11, this question is now at the forefront of the minds of both academics and policymakers. Still, little research has been done to integrate the analysis of security and economic analysis of changes in the region within a broader context that will give us theoretically-informed policy insights. Against this backdrop, this book investigates the origins and evolution of Northeast Asia's new institutional architecture in trade, finance, and security from both a theoretical and empirical perspective.

The adoption of pro-market economic reforms by emerging market economies in last two decades has transformed the institutional context for firms in these economies. The objective of this volume is to better understand how domestic and foreign firms have transformed their strategy, organization and management system in response to this change. Understanding of such transformation will provide implications to integrate contextual factors in theorizing about firm behaviour in emerging as well as developed economies. These studies will also assist practicing managers to comprehend various configurations of firm activities and complexities of competition in diverse institutional settings.

This work provides a comprehensive examination of Christian Democracy in Latin America from its nineteenth-century origins to the events of the 1990s. Lynch treats the record of Christian Democratic parties in the most crucial areas of economic concern in Latin America: chapters on land reform, nationalization, and the emergence of free market capitalism point up the relationship between politics and economics. Lynch concludes that had Latin America's Christian Democrats followed their own policy prescriptions, both they and Latin America would be better off. Instead, Christian Democrats abandoned their roots in Catholic social thought, embraced statism, and left their countries completely unprepared for the upsurge in liberal economic reform that swept Latin America in the 1980s.

This work provides a comprehensive examination of Christian Democracy in Latin America from its nineteenth-century origins to the events of the 1990s. The author treats the record of Christian Democratic parties in the most crucial areas of economic concern in Latin America: chapters on land reform, nationalization, and the emergence of free market capitalism point up the relationship between politics and economics. Lynch concludes that had Latin America's Christian Democrats followed their own policy prescriptions, both they and Latin America would be better off. Instead, Christian Democrats abandoned their roots in Catholic social thought, embraced statism, and left their countries completely unprepared for the upsurge in liberal economic reform that swept Latin America in the 1980s.

This work will be of interest to scholars and students in Latin American studies, Third World studies, political economy, comparative politics, and religion and politics.

From the first vague idea to use Konrad Hagedorn's 60th birthday as an inspi- tion for taking stock of his vibrant academic contributions, this joint book project has been a great pleasure for us in many ways. Pursuing Hagedorn's intellectual development, we have tried to reflect on the core questions of humanity according to Ernst Bloch "Who are we?," "Where do we come from?" and "Where are we heading?" In this way, and without knowing it, Konrad Hagedorn initiated a c- lective action process he would have very much enjoyed ... if he had been allowed to take part in it. But it was our aim and constant motivation to surprise him with this collection of essays in his honour. Konrad Hagedorn was reared as the youngest child of a peasant family on a small farm in the remote moorland of East Frisia, Germany. During his childhood in the poverty-ridden years after the Second World War, he faced a life where humans were heavily dependent on using nature around them for their livelihoods; meanwhile, he learned about the fragility of the environment. As a boy, he - tended a one-room schoolhouse, where his great intellectual talents were first r- ognised and used for co-teaching his schoolmates. These early teaching expe- ences might have laid the foundations for his later becoming a dedicated lecturer and mentor.

Foreign exploitation of economic crises in the developing world has been a central claim of neoliberal critics over the past decade. This important and recurring international economic theme is the subject of closer scrutiny in this new collection, where contributors offer competing interpretations of the interaction between international and domestic forces after crises. In revisiting the aftermath of recent crises in key emerging markets, the collection uncovers the extent to which foreign firms, governments and institutions liberalized and penetrated these economies.

This collection of articles concerning the economic development of Africa was written by a group of scholars who are experienced in African societies and are knowledgeable about African needs. This experience and knowledge allows the authors to improve the focus on subjects like productivity, rural development, and transportation along with social and political issues involved in African developmental problems. The work consists of three parts: a general introduction, a section focusing on theoretical perspectives, and a section on practical problems. Since much of the work is derived from original research, it is unique in its treatment of the subject. The work is addressed to scholars, researchers, and teachers interested in African development in the North American market and elsewhere.

Advances in Pacific Basin Business, Economics, and Finance is an annual publication designed to focus on interdisciplinary research in finance, economics, and management among Pacific Rim countries. All articles published are reviewed and recommended by at least two members of editorial board. Topics of interest include, but are not limited to, the following:1. Policy and management on financial markets and financial institutions 2. Options, futures and other derivatives markets 3. Corporate finance and investment decisions 4. Insurance and risk management 5. Accounting, auditing and taxation 6. Marketing, management, and business policies of the Pacific Rim countries 7. Interdisciplinary issues on supply chain, finance, and marketing 8. Monetary and foreign exchange policy 9. Income, employment and other economic policies among the Pacific Rim countries

As countries around the world make continuous strides in developing their economies, it has become increasingly important to evaluate the different ways culture impacts the growth of a region. Global Perspectives on Development Administration and Cultural Change investigates the impact of economic growth on different demographics throughout the world. Identifying theoretical concepts and notable topics in the areas of economic development, organizational culture, and cultural shifts, this book is an essential reference source for policymakers, development planners, international institutions, public policy analysts, administrators, researchers, and NGOs.

The history of Italian colonial affairs has recently attracted renewed interest from historians and economists. It is a complex and involved question. Over the last few years, though perhaps slightly later than the more mature historiography of other European countries, the work of some important scholars has opened up new fields of investigation and research. Recent studies have tried to analyse in greater depth the working mechanisms of the colonial system, broadening the field of investigation also to the perspective of African countries and the political-economic equilibriums of the second half of the 20th century. This study fits into this area of research and analyses crucial aspects of the decolonisation of Somalia, the history of the presence of Italian banking in Somaliland; relations between Italian and Somali institutions; Italian political-monetary policies during the reconstruction and the first economic boom.

Examining the premise that the process of economic liberalization has had a significant impact on the labor markets of many countries, this contributed volume studies that impact in different countries and regions from both theoretical and applied perspectives. While recognizing that liberalization entails many elements, the book focuses on how structural adjustment policies have contributed to the overall development effort. The first four chapters analyze the relationship between economic liberalization and labor markets, and then investigate this relationship within broader regions, such as North-South, transition economies, and Africa. The remaining chapters provide case studies of Greece, Chile, Argentina, Mexico, Trinidad and Tobago, and Turkey.

All the country chapters treat political economy issues and related policy conclusions. Stressing the interrelationship between liberalization and labor markets, the chapters discuss the importance of institutional, political, and legal factors in considering the effects of liberalization policies on the structure of labor markets and its participants. The book is an important look at a previously unexplored area of economic analysis.

Focused on unique features of economic development, this edited volume examines the nature and structure of corporate governance of several key state-owned enterprises in China and public sector units in India in five strategic sectors: oil and natural gas, steel, coal, electricity generation, and banking industries.

Cement, Earthworms, and Cheese Factories examines the ways in which religion and community development are closely intertwined in a rural part of contemporary Latin America. Using historical, documentary, and ethnographic data collected over more than a decade as an aid worker and as a researcher in central Ecuador, Jill DeTemple examines the forces that have led to this entanglement of religion and development and the ways in which rural Ecuadorians, as well as development and religious personnel, negotiate these complicated relationships. Technical innovations have been connected to religious change since the time of the Inca conquest, and Ecuadorians have created defensive strategies for managing such connections. Although most analyses of development either tend to ignore the genuinely religious roots of development or conflate development with religion itself, these strategies are part of a larger negotiation of progress and its meaning in twenty-first-century Ecuador. DeTemple focuses on three development agencies-a liberationist Catholic women's group, a municipal unit dedicated to agriculture, and evangelical Protestant missionaries engaged in education and medical work-to demonstrate that in some instances Ecuadorians encourage a hybridity of religion and development, while in other cases they break up such hybridities into their component parts, often to the consternation of those with whom religious and development discourse originate. This management of hybrids reveals Ecuadorians as agents who produce and reform modernities in ways often unrecognized by development scholars, aid workers, or missionaries, and also reveals that an appreciation of religious belief is essential to a full understanding of diverse aspects of daily life.

This completely updated and revised edition of Levy's highly regarded work examines the important changes in the economic world faced by communities since publication of the first edition in 1981. Much new material has been added to reflect the increasingly important role of state government, heightened intermunicipal competition, rising foreign investment, the diminished availability of federal development funds, and more. Like the previous edition, this is designed as a how-to book for the practitioner as well as a resource for students of public administration, planning, and development economics. The author provides a general framework for considering the pros and cons of various economic development approaches, offers an overview of the new federal role in local economic development and the rationale for national economic development policy, and presents a systematic discussion of local economic development techniques, strategy, financing and tax abatement, federal and state programs, and marketing and promotion.

Following a general introduction, Levy looks at the political context of economic development, local government organizations and personnel, and recent economic changes-- including the deindustrialization issue and foreign trade-related matters. Chapters on the role of the states, reasonable expectations, and local economic development in the national context are new to this edition, as is a chapter that surveys actual practitioner experience in order to identify what does and does not work in local economic development. Subsequent discussions focus on the use of public relations, advertising and marketing in local government; assessing economic development potential; development planning and financing; and labor markets and fiscal impacts. An important addition to this edition is the inclusion of a simple, generic PC-based fiscal impact model. Indispensable for anyone involved in local economic development, this new edition offers a comprehensive look at the development situation faced by communities as we move into the 1990s.

This book provides a systematic examination of the relationship between industrial clusters and poverty, which is analyzed using a multidimensional framework. It examines the often-neglected concept of social protection as a means of mitigating the risks and vulnerabilities faced by workers and citizens in poor countries. By analyzing the case of the Otigba Information and Communications Technology cluster in Lagos, Nigeria, the author shows under which conditions firms in productive clusters can pass on benefits to workers in ways that improve their living standards in the wider socio-economic and spatial context of the region. The results presented provide substantial evidence of opportunities for economic development, helping planners to explore different avenues for integrating firm-driven social protection into social policy.

This edited volume explores development in the so-called 'fragile', 'failed' and 'pariah' states. It examines the literature on both fragile states and their development, and offers eleven case studies on countries ranking in the 'very high alert' and 'very high warning' categories in the Fund for Peace Failed States Index.

Russia's new 'pivot to Asia' increases the global significance of Russia's Siberia and Far East. The contributors - recognized experts from Russia, China, South Korea, Japan, Norway and Singapore - analyze political, economic, social and geostrategic roadblocks in the Russia/Asia Pacific relations, offering directions for further development.

The transformation and growth of capitalism in third world countries is examined by first looking at the beginnings and growth of capitalism in the developed industrialized world and at the various stages in which it is transplanted to less developed countries. This transplantation of capitalism brings about only the rapid growth of capital sector and not the complete capitalist transformation of a country. An interesting challenge of traditional views is made on population growth, demographic transitions, and technological transfers in economic development. Social welfare and economic planning are justified as inevitable conditions for the present phase of the spread of capitalism.

The 1980s have witnessed the mass migration of developing countries and the erstwhile socialist nations to market-based economic systems. The reality is that limited finance has been a formidable barrier to these countries' growth and development. Moreover, they need to rely on their internal sources as external funds are not easily forthcoming. This book identifies four sources of internal finance--tax policies, capital markets, specialized financial institutions (such as development banks), and privatization of the public sector. It examines the conceptual foundations, operating and theoretical issues, as well as strategic considerations relating to these sources.

In Part I, Kumar surveys and synthesizes theories of economic development and growth. He concludes by pointing out that these theories have ignored the importance of financial factors, i.e. markets and institutions. Part II, which relates to the internal sources of development finance, begins by examining tax policies. The author surveys the conceptual foundations of financial intermediation and then examines the role of capital markets and specialized financial institutions. Finally, the privatization of the public sector is seen as a special case of intermediation. The book clearly identifies the interrelationships among the internal sources of finance. Efficient financial intermediation is seen as the key to the growth and development of these nations. Ideal as a required text in courses in development finance and economics, this book is an important resource for consultants, professionals in the field of development, and government officials.

After several years documenting the rise of China, award-winning Indian journalist Pallavi Aiyar moved to Brussels, the headquarters of the European Union, to discover a Europe plagued by a financial crisis and unsure of its place in a world where new Asian challengers are eroding its old and comfortable certainties. With a lively mix of memoir, reportage and analysis, Aiyar takes the reader on a romp across the continent, meeting workaholic Indian diamond merchants in Antwerp, upstart Chinese wine barons in Bordeaux, Sikh farmhands in the Italian countryside, and Indian engineers running offshore energy turbines in Belgium. In the Europe of today everything is in flux, as she discovers through conversations with Muslim immigrants struggling to define their identities, the austere bosses of Germany's world-beating companies and bewildered Eurocrats struggling to keep the European Union from splitting apart. Examining the diverse challenges the continent faces today, among them, bloated welfare states, the accommodation of Islam, the European ambitions of Indian and Chinese entrepreneurs, and ancient intra-cultural fissures. New Old World offers a panoramic look at Europe's first-world crisis from a unique Asian perspective.

The book focuses on efficiency analysis in enterprises and describes a broader supply-chain context to support improved sustainability. The research and its outcomes presented here provide theoretical and empirical studies on efficiency analysis in the supply chain, including operational, economic, environmental and social aspects. This book sheds new light on the efficiency-assessment framework for practitioners and includes essential tips on how to improve the sustainability of supply-chains operations.

The rise of new powers such as China and India is sending shockwaves through the global multilateral system. This volume systematically examines how 13 multilateral institutions are responding to this shift, with some deploying innovative outreach and reform activities, while others are paralyzed by gridlock or even retreat from the global scene.

Three of the eight Millennium Development Goals require substantial improvements in the health sector by 2015, specifically in the reduction of child mortality, improvement of maternal health, and combating of HIV/AIDS, malaria and other diseases. Although international concern about health is increasing, health outcomes do not appear to be improving at a steady rate. This book raises critical concerns about the limited capacity of healthcare services in developing countries, sadly it is the most vulnerable that are the least protected. This book focuses on the challenging factors and key elements that are essential for a workable health system, in particular finance, human resources, pharmaceuticals and public facilities. Through empirical analyses and in-depth case studies, this book sheds light on how we can help strengthen, improve and make health systems more accessible in developing countries

Over the past decade, the transport industry has become an increasingly popular scapegoat for polluting the environment with emissions and noise. Therefore, additional transport infrastructure investments, especially in road transport, are becoming more and more contentious. Conversely, the advocates of free trade stress the importance of transport to enhance economic growth and subsequently the standards of living. Thus, political decision makers and business people alike are facing the challenge of reconciling these conflicting ideas. Though being one of the most prominent topics in public discussion, hard facts are still rare.

In order to analyze the question from a different perspective, this book sets out to combine different approaches from economics as well as business administration to stimulate scientific discourse and to support decision-makers in their efforts to ameliorate the situation.

The first part of this book contributes to the empirics of the relationship between transport and economic growth, or more specifically, whether "decoupling" of transport and economic growth appears possible. For this purpose previously unavailable regional data for Italy and Germany were collected and analyzed. The results indicate that transport makes an important contribution to economic growth.

Therefore, the second part of this book goes into more detail. Given the economic importance of transport and the resistance against the expansion of the transport infrastructure, it is essential to make efficient use of the already existing transportation network. For this purpose the author investigates which characteristics of transport are perceived as most important by decision makers, applying an adaptive conjoint analysis. The results show that transport quality in terms of timeliness, reliability, etc. seems to be at least as important as the monetary transport costs.

Networks are thriving in global politics. Some bring policy-makers from different countries together to share problems and to forge possible solutions, free from rules of representation, decision-making, and transparency which constrain more formal international organizations. This book asks whether developing countries can benefit from such networks? Or are they safer to conduct their international relations in formal institutions? The answer varies. The key lies in how the network is structured and what it sets out to achieve. This book presents a fascinating account of how some networks have strengthened the position of developing country officials, both at home, and in their international negotiations. Equally, it points to conditions which make it perilous for developing countries to rely on networks.