First published in 1867, Capital, or Das Kapital, is the infamous treatise on economics and capitalism by Prussian revolutionary KARL MARX (1818-1883), who changed history with his 1848 book The Communist Manifesto. In this work, edited by Marx's friend, German philosopher FRIEDRICH ENGELS (1820-1895), Marx systematically analyzes the way the capitalist machine functions. In this academic work written for students and serious thinkers, he explores wages, competition, banking, rent, and the natural laws that seem to govern the development of capitalism without any oversight by the society in which it developed. Originally published in three volumes, Capital is here presented in five volumes. Volume III, Part 1 covers: . The Conversion of Surplus-Value into Profit and of the Rate of Surplus-Value into the Rate of Profit . Conversion of Profit into Average Profit . The Law of the Falling Tendency of the Rate of Profit . Transformation of Commodity-Capital and Money-Capital Into Commercial Capital and Financial Capital . Division of Profit Into Interest and Profits of Enterprise

This collection brings together a range of case studies by both established and early career scholars to consider the nexus between business and development in post-colonial Africa. A number of contributors examine the involvement of European companies (most notably those of former colonial powers) in development in various African states at the end of empire and in the early post-colonial era. They explore how businesses were not just challenged by the new international landscape but benefited from the opportunities it offered, particularly those provided by development aid. Other contributors focus on the development agencies of the departing colonial powers to consider how far these served to promote the interests of European companies. Together these case studies constitute an important contribution to our understanding of both business and development in post-colonial Africa, redressing an imbalance in existing histories of both business and development which focus predominantly on the colonial period. This volume breaks new ground as one of the very first to bring the study of foreign companies and development aid into the same frame of analysis

The main focus of the volume - the processes of choice and decision-making in different economic systems - offers exceptional scope for the convergence of economic and anthropological perspectives. It concentrates on transactions that both express and influence social relationships and values. Covering a wide geographic area there are specific studies on societies in Equatorial Africa, Colombia, South India and the Balkans. First published in 1967.

For much of the twentieth century, the prevalence of dictatorial regimes has left business, especially multinational firms, with a series of complex and for the most part unwelcome choices. This volume, which includes essays by noted American and European scholars such as Mira Wilkins, Gerald Feldman, Peter Hayes, and Wilfried Feldenkirchen, sets business activity in its political and social context and describes some of the strategic and tactical responses of firms investing from or into Europe to a myriad of opportunities and risks posed by host or home country authoritarian governments during the interwar period. Although principally a work of history, it puts into perspective some commercial dilemmas with which practitioners and business theorists must still unfortunately grapple.

This collection begins with the cultural renaissance of the early 20th century, the rebellion against Western and Japanese imperialism after 1919, the rise of the Nationalist and Communist movements and their conflict in mainland China until the Communist victory of 1949. After that, the focus is on the revolutionary changes under Mao Zedong's regime, and the ideological struggles after his death. Under Deng Ziaoping economic reform prompted rapid growth but also led to calls for greater political freedom, culminating in the Tiananmen protests of 1989. The final chapters illustrate the problems the regime faces today, including the ambitions of the Tibetan minority, and social issues such as unemployment and corruption. Next to domestic issues, China's role in the Korean War and changing relations with the USA and Soviet Union are also covered.
The collection includes classic documents as well as less accessible extracts, including a number available in English for the first time. Anyone interested in the modern history of China will find "China Since 1919 "an invaluable source of information.

This book presents a substantial collection of essays from a wide range of well respected scholars addressing several aspects of Piero Sraffa's economics in light of continuing controversies over the interpretation that should be placed on his work. It moves beyond extant scholarship with an added emphasis on the philosophical dimension of Sraffa's seminal work, Production of Commodities by Means of Commodities. Contributors probe new ways of thinking about the political economy of Sraffa and in doing so, alongside the comments to each contribution by other scholars, provide a cutting edge debate and discussion on non-mainstream economic theory. This book will be of interest to academics and advanced graduate students in economics, with additional interest from scholars in philosophy and the methodology of science.

Western Enterprise in Far Eastern Economic Development charts the activities of Western firms in China and Japan from the middle of the nineteenth century, when those countries were opened to foreign trade, until recently. The organization of the Western business undertakings, the types of firms concerned and relations between the Westerners and the Japanese and Chinese economies are all discussed. Among the economic activities covered are: merchant banking, finance, manufacturing, mining, shipping and domestic transport. A dominant theme is the contrast presented by China and Japan in their response to Western enterprise.

Discussing the process of economic development in Japan, this book covers the period from when Japan first entered upon her career of Westernization to the beginning of the war with China in 1937. The main emphasis is on industrial and financial development and organization and on economic policy. Among the industries discussed are agriculture, textiles, steel and shipping. A comprehensive glossary and bibliography are included and much of the statistical information is tabulated for ease of reading.

Depression and Protectionism considers the case of the oldest advocate of free trade and its greatest exponent, Britain, and examines the developments that led to the reversal of that policy in the 1930s. It also discusses the consequences of the protectionst policy for the domestic economy. * Discusses the most important debate in international economics * Using an explicit economic framework, the book examines the economic origins of the industrial tariff in Britain.

The essays in this book focus on the controversies concerning Britain's economic performance between the mid-nineteenth century and the First World War. The overriding theme is that Britain's own resources were consistently more productive, more resilient and more successful than is normally assumed. And if the economy's achievement was considerable, the influence on it of external factors (trade, international competition, policy) were much less significant than is normally supposed. The book is structured as follows: Part One: The Method of Historical Economics Part Two: Enterprise in Late Victorian Britain Part Three: Britain in the World Economy, 1846-1913.

This study of economic reforms throughout Eastern Europe covers the history of attempts at decentralization. The book: describes the centralized model and compares its requirements with the realities of socialist countries; discusses the economic policies of the post-Stalinist period; and examines the origin of the reforms which began in 1956, culminating in the Soviet economic reform of 1965 and the rehabilitation of profit. The countries it covers include the former USSR, the former East Germany and Hungary.

Contents:
Part 1. The Schoolmen and their problems
1. The Beginning of Scholasticism in the British Isles
2. Commerce and Ethics
3. Growth of Trade and Commerce
4. Conflict between Ethics and Economics

Part 2. Alexander of Hales (Alensis)
1. Community and Private Property
2. Trade and Commerce
3. Aristotle and the Schoolmen
4. Usury

Part 3. Richardus de Media Villa
1. Community and Liberty
2. Lawfulness of Trade and Commerce
3. Difference between Gain and Interest

Part 4. John Duns Scotus
1. Remarks on his Life and Work
2. Origin of Property and State
3. Trade and Commerce
4. Usury

Part 5. The Legacy of the Schoolmen
1. Preparing the Way for Modern Times
2. William of Ockham
3. Influence on Modern Views

Part 6. The Age of Mercantilism: General View
1. Definition of Mercantilism
2. Importance of Coin and Bullion
3. The Mechanism of Bullionist Policy
4. The Ethics of the Angevin Trade Legislation
5. The Two Periods of Mercantlism

Part 7. Sixteenth Century Economics
1. Price Revolution and Money Difficulties
2. The 'Dearth' and Debasement of the Coinage
3. John Hales on the Nature of Money
4. Influx of West Indian Treasure
5. Delivering Money by Exchange
6. Gerard Malynes and Thomas Milles against Exchangers
7. Excess of Imports
8. The Prime Cause of the Economic Difficulties
9. The Quantity Theory of Money: John Locke

Part 8. Balance of Trade
1. Mediaeval and Modern Conception of Trading
2. Rise of the term "Balance of Trade"
3. Origin of Some Ideas of the Balance of Trade
4. Thomas Mun and Edward Misselden
5. Influence of the Balance of Trade Doctrine

Part 9. Importance of Manufacture
1. Arts and Crafts as a Source of Treasure
2. Beginning of the Protective System
3. Sir William Petty on Money, Value and International Trade
4. Petty and his Contemporaries on Labour, Population and Wages
5. Conflict between Crown and Merchants

Part 10. Recapitualation
1. Meaning of the Balance of Trade
2. Mercantilism and Foreign Politics

Part 11. Transition to Liberal Economics
1. Introductory Remarks
2. Manufacture, Credit, Banking and Free Trade
3. The Ant-Mercantilists: Child, Barbon, Davenant
4. The Free-Trade Maxims of Dudley North
5. The Economics of the Free-Trade Doctrine
6. Jacob Vanderlint, Matthew Dekker, and Joseph Massie
7. David Hume

Retrospect: British Economies in 1750

This book illustrates how the first social science, that of economics, was built. It examines and discusses the work of Josiah Child, Nicholas Barbon, John Collins, William Petty, John Locke and Dudley North and the economic theories of the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries.

This was the first comprehensive study of the City of London to be published. The study examines the economic structure of the city and considers the main influences likely to affect the development of the City, including the pattern of demand, technological change, population movements, supply of labour and land values. Particular attention is paid to the City's international role. Specific chapters are devoted to Banking & Finance, Insurance, Trade, Commerce and the Port, and the Manufacturing Industry. The book is supported with a wealth of statistical material based on original research and contains 116 tables and 28 diagrams.

This book presents a chronology of state policy in industry since the 1500s to the mid twentieth century, and explains the ideas that have shaped it. Includes chapters on: The state and exploitation; state participation in industry; state information and services; state operation of industry and state control over industry.

The studies in this volume are a result of the Social Reconstruction Survey carried out by Nuffield College, Oxford between 1941 and 1944. The Survey studied the position and prospects of towns or areas in Britain in order to find out what was likely to happen to their industrial development with a view to planning for the post-war location of industry and distribution of population. The result is an invaluable source of empirical material for the study of British industry in the mid twentieth century. Industries covered include: * Natural Textiles, Artificial Textiles, Carpets, Footwear * Extensive use of statistical information for imports and exports, production costs, employment figures etc.

'A masterpiece of succinct analysis.'New Statesman 'Penetrating in analysis and closely packed in thought.'Financial Times Analysing and examining the history of the economic events of the inter-war years, this book gives the reader both a sense of perspective of the larger scene of events on an international scale, whilst introducing facts and theories. National policies of the UK, France, Germany, the USA, Japan and the former Soviet Union are discussed as are developments in international trade.

The Economics of Inflation provides a comprehensive analysis of economic conditions in Germany under the Great Inflation and discusses inflationary conditions in general. The analysis is supported by extensive statistical material.

* For this translation the author thoroughly revised the original work
* Includes an appendix on German economic conditions in the years following the monetary reform, 1923-24

Presenting a coherent interpretation of the development of economic and social policy in Britain since 1945, this text analyses the political assumptions underlying post-war economic policy. It traces these assumptions through the classic texts of Keynes and Beveridge, the architects of limited, non-socialist state intervention to secure the welfare state and full employment. The topics covered include private saving versus company pensions, and the level and composition of employment in Britain.

Husband and wife, Frank Gilbreth (1868-1924) and Lilian Gilbreth (1878-1972), are the figures most closely identified with time and motion studies. Pushing F.W. Taylor's ideas to the limit, they sought ways to determine 'the one best way to do work'. Their lasting influence is evident in the fact that the process charts and other techniques they devised remain essentially unchanged in modern systems analysis. Along with this, they were also interested in the human aspect of work, emphasizing the need for training and worker involvement.
The collection makes available, in one place, some of the most significant writings gathered from a variety of sources. The works are invaluable, not only for reference purposes, but as contributions to the history of management thought as well as the analysis of contemporary theory and the study of strategic management.

This book, first published in 1981, examines the issues inspiring working-class movements after 1848 in France, Germany and Britain, with some consideration also of Austria, Italy, Spain and Russia. It concentrates on the attitudes of the ordinary working men, rather than the ideologies and the leaders, and considers the many different forms and manifestations of their grievances and means of expression. What emerges is the complexity of the connection between economic circumstances and protest, and the existence of wide divergences of behaviour amongst the European working class.

John Mills provides a critical survey of the way economics has developed. He argues that the main goal of economics ought to be to show how to achieve a combination of economic growth, full employment, low inflation, avoidance of extreme poverty, and sustainability. That it has failed to do so is neither inevitable nor accidental. It has failed because of a combination of intellectual error and the effects of social and political pressure, which Mills claims could and should have been avoided.

This book provides a new interpretation of the economic dimension of the Cold War. It examines Anglo-American trade diplomacy towards the Soviet Union and Eastern Europe from the late 1940s to the early 1960s. The book, which is based on research in American and British archives, presents new evidence to suggest that Anglo-American relations in East-West trade were characterized by friction and conflict as the two countries clashed over divergent commercial and strategic perceptions of the Soviet Union.

* Presents many of the microeconomic and macroeconomic theories and schools of thought not generally covered in mainstream principles of economics textbooks * Each chapter starts with a short "refresher" of standard neoclassical economic modelling before demonstrating how that model is distorted by people, problems and events in the real world to provide students with a more realistic picture of how the economy works * Updates throughout and new material on populism, racism, inequality, climate change and the covid-19 pandemic * Now has online supplements: quiz questions for students and PowerPoint slides for instructors