Microbial Consortium and Biotransformation for Pollution Decontamination presents techniques for the decontamination of polluted environs through potential microbes, particularly examining the benefits of its broad applicability, sustainability and eco-friendly nature. Utilizing global case studies to describe practical applications of the technology, the book offers insights into the latest research on advanced microbiological tools and techniques for the remediation of severe pollutants from the environment. Environmental researchers and environmental managers focusing on pollution and decontamination will find both key contextual information and practical details that are essential in understanding the use of microbial technology for combatting pollutants. Recent advancements in the field of NGS (next-generation sequencing) have allowed more detailed genomic, bioinformatics and metagenomic analyses of potential environmentally important microbes that have led to significant breakthroughs into key bio-degradative pathways. With the increase in human activities around the globe, toxic pollutants from multiple sources have contaminated the earth on a large number scale.

Environmental Data Analysis with MATLAB, Third Edition, is a new edition that expands fundamentally on the original with an expanded tutorial approach, more clear organization, new crib sheets, and problem sets providing a clear learning path for students and researchers working to analyze real data sets in the environmental sciences. The work teaches the basics of the underlying theory of data analysis and then reinforces that knowledge with carefully chosen, realistic scenarios, including case studies in each chapter. The new edition is expanded to include applications to Python, an open source software environment. Significant content in Environmental Data Analysis with MATLAB, Third Edition is devoted to teaching how the programs can be effectively used in an environmental data analysis setting. This new edition offers chapters that can both be used as self-contained resources or as a step-by-step guide for students, and is supplemented with data and scripts to demonstrate relevant use cases.

Industrial wastewater contains a large variety of compounds, such as hazardous organic pollutants, heavy metals, salts and nutrients, which makes its treatment challenging. On the other hand, the sewage treatment with existing technologies is not cost-effective due to high energy demand and contributes to greenhouse gas emission. Thus, the use of conventional water treatment methods is neither sustainable nor always effective. In this sense, BESs has emerged as a promising technology to treat complex industrial wastewater with a sustainable manner. Development in Wastewater Treatment Research and Processes: Bioelectrochemical Systems for Wastewater Management analyses and discusses the potential of microbial and electrochemical based hybrid processes for the treatment of complex industrial wastewater along with the recovery of valuable compounds and water reutilization. The most significant advantages of BES are high effectiveness, low toxicity, gentle operation conditions, environmentally friendly treatment without sludge accumulation and energy conservation. Bioelectrochemical systems (BES) are emerging as an exciting platform to convert chemical energy of organic wastes into electricity or hydrogen or value-added chemical commodities. In addition, recent and future trends in BES are highlighted.

Environmental pollution as a consequence of diverse human activities has become a global concern. Urbanization, mining, industrial revolution, burning of fossil fuels/firewood and poor agricultural practices, in addition to improper dumping of waste products, are largely responsible for the undesirable change in the environment composition. Environmental pollution is mainly classified as air pollution, water pollution, land pollution, noise pollution, thermal pollution, light pollution, and plastic pollution. Nowadays, it has been realized that with the increasing environmental pollution, impurities may accumulate in plants, which are required for basic human uses such as for food, clothing, medicine, and so on. Environmental pollution has tremendous impacts on phenological events, structural patterns, physiological phenomena, biochemical status, and the cellular and molecular features of plants. Exposure to environmental pollution induces acute or chronic injury depending on the pollutant concentration, exposure duration, season and plant species. Moreover, the global rise of greenhouse gases such as carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, nitrous oxides, methane, chlorofluorocarbons and ozone in the atmosphere is among the major threats to the biodiversity. They have also shown visible impacts on life cycles and distribution of various plant species. Anthropogenic activities, including the fossil-fuel combustion in particular, are responsible for steady increases in the atmospheric greenhouse gases concentrations. This phenomenon accelerates the global heating. Studies have suggested that the changes in carbon dioxide concentrations, rainfall and temperature have greatly influenced the plant physiological and metabolic activities including the formation of biologically active ingredients. Taken together, plants interact with pollutants, and cause adverse ecological and economic outcomes. Therefore, plant response to pollutants requires more investigation in terms of damage detection, adaptation, tolerance, and the physiological and molecular responses. The complex interplay among other emerging pollutants, namely, radioisotopes, cell-phone radiation, nanoparticles, nanocomposites, heavy metals etc. and their impact on plant adaptation strategies, and possibility to recover, mitigation, phytoremediation, etc., also needs to be explored. Further, it is necessary to elucidate better the process of the pollutant's uptake by plant and accumulation in the food chain, and the plant resistance capability against the various kinds of environmental pollutants. In this context, the identification of tolerance mechanisms in plants against pollutants can help in developing eco-friendly technologies, which requires molecular approaches to increase plant tolerance to pollutants, such as plant transformation and genetic modifications. Pollutant-induced overproduction of reactive oxygen species that cause DNA damage and apoptosis-related alterations, has also been examined. They also trigger changes at the levels of transcriptome, proteome, and metabolome, which has been discussed in this book.

Biomass-Derived Materials for Environmental Applications presents state-of-the-art coverage of bio-based materials that can be applied to address the growing global concern of pollutant discharge in the environment. The book examines the production, characterization and application of bio-based materials for remediation. Organized clearly by type of material, the book includes details on lignocellulosic materials, natural clays, carbonaceous materials, composites and advanced materials from natural origins. Readers will find an interdisciplinary and practical examination of these materials and their use in environmental remediation that will be valuable to environmental scientists, materials scientists, environmental chemists, and environmental engineers alike.

UV-Visible Spectrophotometry of Waters and Soils, Third Edition presents the latest information on the use of UV spectrophotometry for environmental quality monitoring. Using practical examples, the book illustrates how this technique can be a source of new methods of characterization and measurement. Easy and fast to run, this simple and robust analytical technique is one of the best ways to obtain a quantitative estimation of specific or aggregate parameters (e.g., Nitrate, TOC) and simultaneously qualitative information on the global composition of waters and soils. This third edition presents current methods and applications for water quality monitoring, including recent works and developments. Writing from years of experience in the development and applications of UV systems and from scientific and technical works, the book's authors provide several useful examples that show the great interest of UV spectrophotometry for water and soil monitoring. At the end of the book, the UV spectra library of previous editions is updated with new chemicals of interest.

Development in Wastewater Treatment Research and Processes: Microbial Ecology, Diversity and Functions of Ammonia Oxidizing Bacteria covers up-to-date research on ammonia oxidizing bacteria and their application for the removal of ammonia nitrogen from wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs), discussing remaining gaps in their biology and functions. In this sense, this book features the application of the newly developed omics tools in order to develop less energy intensive and cost-effective biological processes for nitrogen removal from WWTPs. This makes this book an essential and unique book for advanced students, research scientists, environmental agencies and industries involved in wastewater treatment.

Treatment and Reuse of Sewage Sludge: An Innovative Approach for Wastewater Treatment: Developments in Waste Water Treatment Research and Processes series, focuses on the exploitation of various treatment technologies and their use to treat sewage sludge to detoxify/stabilize toxic and hazardous contaminants and restore contaminated sites, which lacks in a more comprehensive manner in currently existing titles on similar topics. The book includes current beneficial sludge utilization practices such as land application, energy recovery, use as an alternative fuel source, use as a construction material and resource recovery from sewage sludge using emerging technologies. In addition, the book includes numerous current and advanced sewage sludge treatment and reuse technologies and associated microbes to effectively treat and manage hazardous industrial wastes/or wastewater pollutants for environmental safety, sustainability and public health protection. The book is a reference for all researchers working in the field of environmental engineering, bioengineering, waste management, and related fields.

Algae and Aquatic Macrophytes in Cities: Bioremediation, Biomass, Biofuels and Bioproducts introduces the concept of using the natural ability of plants such as algae and aquatic macrophytes to remediate pollutants from water. The book provides scientists with a green, economical and successful option when tackling rising water pollution. The book's chapters cover a range of areas, including bioremediation, biomass, biofuels and bioproducts during the remediation of polluted water systems. It draws together research from eminent scientists from across the globe and includes case studies to help researchers, students, scientists, stakeholders, policymakers and environmentalists understand and perform their research with greater ease.

Advanced Materials for Sustainable Environmental Remediation: Terrestrial and Aquatic Environments presents detailed, comprehensive coverage of novel and advanced materials that can be applied to address the growing global concern of the pollution of natural resources in waters, the air and soil. It provides fundamental knowledge on available materials and treatment processes, as well as applications, including adsorptive remediation and catalytic remediation. Organized clearly by type of material, this book presents a consistent structure for each chapter, including characteristics of the materials, basic and important physicochemical features for environmental remediation applications, routes of synthesis, recent advances as remediation medias, and future perspectives. This book offers an interdisciplinary and practical examination of available materials and processes for environmental remediation that will be valuable to environmental scientists, materials scientists, environmental chemists, and environmental engineers alike.

Environmental Noise Pollution, Second Edition, addresses the key debates surrounding environmental noise pollution, its modelling and mitigation using examples from across the globe. Environmental noise pollution is now an established concern in environmental and public policy and is considered one of the most important environmental stressors affecting public health throughout the world. Thoroughly revised, this new edition includes updated global case studies as well as new chapters on 'soundscapes and noise mapping' and 'environmental noise and technology'. This book examines environmental noise pollution, its health implications, noise modelling, the role of strategic noise mapping for problem assessment, major sources of environmental noise pollution, noise mitigation approaches, and related procedural and policy implications. Drawing on the authors' considerable research expertise in the area, the book is a fully updated resource on this major environmental stressor that crosses disciplinary, policy and national boundaries.

Numerical Methods in Environmental Data Analysis introduces environmental scientists to the numerical methods available to help answer research questions through data analysis. One challenge in data analysis is misrepresentation of datasets that are relevant directly or indirectly to the research. This book illustrates new ways of screening dataset or images for maximum utilization, introducing environmental modeling, numerical methods, and computations techniques in data analysis. Throughout the book, the author includes case studies that provide guidance on how to translate research questions into appropriate models. Individuals working with data sets or images generated from environmental monitoring centers or satellites will find this book to be a concise guide for analyzing and interpreting their data.

60 Years of the Loeb-Sourirajan Membrane: Principles, New Materials, Modelling, Characterization and Applications bring forth theoretical advances, novel characterization techniques, materials development, advanced treatment processes, and emerging applications of membrane-based technologies. The trigger for writing this book is the 2020, 60th anniversary of the first asymmetric polymeric membrane invented by Dr. Sidney Loeb and Dr. Srinivasa Sourirajan (University of California, Los Angeles, USA) on the breakthrough discovery of the semipermeable membrane for seawater desalination. The book places emphasis on the advances of organic and inorganic membranes in different fields, covering not only the primary application of membranes for water and wastewater treatment but also other applications dealing with energy conversion and storage, organic solvent purification, gas separation, and biomedical processes.

Emerging Techniques for Treatment of Toxic Metals from Wastewater explores the different physical and chemical methods that can be used to remove toxins from wastewater, including adsorption, solvent extraction, ion exchange, precipitation, filtration and photocatalytic degradation. Bringing together contributions from leading experts in the field, the book covers each of the different techniques in detail, combining emergent research outcomes with fundamental theoretical concepts to provide a clear appraisal of the different techniques available, along with their applications. It is an essential recourse for researchers, industrialists and students concerned with the remediation of toxic metals from water and wastewater.

Petroleum Industry Wastewater: Advanced and Sustainable Treatment Methods discusses the status of different approaches and advanced processes involved in the treatment of petrochemical and petroleum industry wastewater. The book focuses on advanced, sustainable, and environmentally friendly technologies for removing toxic pollutants from contaminated waters. The book also explores the environmental aspects and impacts of the petroleum industry discharge wastewater, their effect on aquatic life, and possible ways to deal with these effects. Keeping the global water crisis and fast depletion of natural fresh water in mind, more immediate knowledge, information, implication, and effective utilization of available resources are required than we anticipated. The book brings a wide range of methodologies and perspectives under one roof in a comprehensive manner.

Environmental Sustainability and Industries identifies and discusses critical areas related to environmentally conscious industrial development of products and services that may support more sustainable and equitable societies. This book addresses pollution prevention by referring to the use of processes, practices, and materials that reduce or eliminate the generation of pollutants at the source of production, more efficient use of raw materials, energy, water or other resources, or by conserving natural resources by maintaining clean production. It explains industrial energy efficiency as the most cost-effective use of energy in manufacturing processes, reducing its wastage as well as the total consumption of primary energy resources. Life cycle assessment is used as an analytical method to quantify environmental impacts, focusing on environmental considerations concerning process design and optimization, and including various sustainable manufacturing parameters in the context of industrial processes and proposes a classification of identified parameters to evaluate and optimize the manufacturing performances. The book also dives into industrial ecology, investigating how, where, and why environmental improvements can be made to develop a sustainable industry, meeting the needs of current generations without sacrificing the needs of the future ones. This book analyzes a company's environmental, social, and economic performance and their interrelationships, emphasizing the importance of identifying and understanding causal relationships between alternative approaches to action and their impact on financial and nonfinancial performance. It concludes with a view on the future of sustainable industrial systems stressing change as a joint effort of scientists, governments, people in business, and academicians.

Natural gas and liquefied natural gas (LNG) continue to grow as a part of the sustainable energy mix. While oil and gas companies look to lower emissions, one key refinery component that contributes up to 60% of emissions are valves, mainly due to poor design, sealing, and testing. Cryogenic Valves for Liquefied Natural Gas Plants delivers a much-needed reference that focuses on the design, testing, maintenance, material selection, and standards needed to stay environmentally compliant at natural gas refineries. Covering technical definitions, case studies, and Q&A, the reference includes all ranges of natural gas compounds, including LPG, CNG, NGL, and PNG. Key design considerations are included that are specific for cryogenic services, including a case study on cryogenic butterfly valves. The material selection process can be more complex for cryogenic services, so the author goes into more detail about materials that adhere to cryogenic temperature resistance. Most importantly, testing of valves is covered in depth, including shell test, closure or seat test, and thermal shock tests, along with tactics on how to prevent dangerous cryogenic leaks, which are very harmful to the environment. The book is a vital resource for today's natural gas engineers.

Advances in Oil-Water Separation: A Complete Guide for Physical, Chemical, and Biochemical Processes discusses a broad variety of chemical, physical and biochemical processes, including skimming, membrane separation, adsorption, onsite chemical reactions, burning and usage of suitable microbial strains for onsite degradation of oil. It critically reviews all current developments in oil-water separation processes and technologies, identifies gaps and illuminates the scope for future research and development in the field. This book provides researchers, engineers and environmental professionals working in oil recovery and storage with solutions for disposal of waste oil and separation of oil from water in a sustainable, environmentally-friendly way. As the book provides a complete state-of-art overview on oil-water separation technologies, it will also ease literature searches on oil-water separation technologies.

Emerging Contaminants in the Environment: Challenges and Sustainable Practices covers all aspects of emerging contaminants in the environment, from basic understanding to different types of emerging contaminants and how these threaten organisms, their environmental fate studies, detection methods, and sustainable practices of dealing with contaminants. Emerging contaminant remediation is a pressing need due to the ever-increasing pollution in the environment, and it has gained a lot of scientific and public attention due to its high effectiveness and sustainability. The discussions in the book on the bioremediation of these contaminants are covered from the perspective of proven technologies and practices through case studies and real-world data. One of the main benefits of this book is that it summarizes future challenges and sustainable solutions. It can, therefore, become an effective guide to the elimination (through sustainable practices) of emerging contaminants. At the back of these explorations on sustainable bioremediation of emerging contaminants lies the set of 17 goals articulated by the United Nations in its 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development, adopted by all its member states. This book provides academics, researchers, students, and practitioners interested in the detection and elimination of emerging contaminants from the environment, with the latest advances by leading experts in emerging contaminants the field of environmental sciences.

Green Sustainable Process for Chemical and Environmental Engineering and Science, the latest release in the Green Composites: Preparation, Properties and Allied Applications series, deals with the most promising aspects of green composites. The book presents in-depth and updated literature related to the manufacturing of green composites and their properties and discusses special features of green composites and their applications in daily life. All green composites covered in this work are polymeric and of bio-origin. The book also provides industrial applications of green composites. Topics covered include the use of green composites, vegetable packing, foam, blends, rubber, solar cells, adhesives and 3D printing.